供應中斷風險下零售商訂貨策略研究
本文選題:供應中斷風險 + 后備契約 ; 參考:《北京交通大學》2014年碩士論文
【摘要】:隨著供應鏈全球化和生產(chǎn)精益化的深入,以及恐怖主義、自然災害等頻繁發(fā)生,供應中斷風險發(fā)生的概率正在逐步增加。目前,很多企業(yè)意識到了供應中斷發(fā)生所產(chǎn)生的巨大負面影響,并開始積極探索應對供應中斷風險的有效措施。突發(fā)事件導致的供應中斷風險會給供應鏈下游成員造成非常嚴重甚至無法挽回的損失,為了抵御風險,下游企業(yè)必須做好事前事后各方面應對措施,在對風險要素進行合理分析的基礎(chǔ)上,制定并實施有效的防范和應急策略。 本文基于供應中斷風險研究零售商采購策略選擇和訂貨批量分配問題,從定量的角度為企業(yè)提供了中斷風險的應急和防范措施,也為管理人員進行供應鏈管理決策提供支持。首先在對零售商面臨的供應中斷風險及應對措施進行分析的基礎(chǔ)上,得出零售商的兩種訂貨模式:應急采購和雙源采購模式。然后,在隨機市場需求下,從零售商利潤最大化的角度研究了兩種模式下的最優(yōu)訂貨策略,包括應急模式下零售商如何使用后備資源以及雙源模式下如何分配訂單,進一步地,研究了服務水平約束下零售商的訂貨問題。同時,通過數(shù)值計算對不同采購模式進行了比較,并分析了中斷概率、懲罰成本、服務水平等要素對最優(yōu)策略產(chǎn)生的影響。
[Abstract]:With the deepening of supply chain globalization and lean production, as well as the frequent occurrence of terrorism and natural disasters, the probability of supply interruption risk is gradually increasing. At present, many enterprises have realized the huge negative impact of supply interruption, and began to actively explore the effective measures to deal with the supply interruption risk. The risk of supply interruption caused by unexpected events will cause very serious or even irreparable losses to the downstream members of the supply chain. In order to resist the risks, downstream enterprises must do a good job in all aspects of the countermeasures before and after the event. On the basis of reasonable analysis of risk factors, effective preventive and emergency strategies are formulated and implemented. Based on the research of supply interruption risk, this paper studies the problem of retailer purchasing strategy selection and order batch allocation, which provides emergency and preventive measures for enterprises from a quantitative point of view, and also provides support for managers to make supply chain management decisions. Firstly, based on the analysis of the supply interruption risk faced by retailers and the corresponding measures, two kinds of ordering modes of retailers are obtained: emergency purchasing and dual-source purchasing. Then, in the stochastic market demand, the optimal ordering strategies in two modes are studied from the perspective of maximizing retailer profit, including how retailers use backup resources in emergency mode and how to allocate orders in dual-source mode. The ordering problem of retailers under the constraint of service level is studied. At the same time, the different purchasing modes are compared by numerical calculation, and the effects of interruption probability, penalty cost and service level on the optimal strategy are analyzed.
【學位授予單位】:北京交通大學
【學位級別】:碩士
【學位授予年份】:2014
【分類號】:F274;F253
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