本文關(guān)鍵詞：城鎮(zhèn)化過程中我國農(nóng)民權(quán)益保障問題研究　出處：《黑龍江省社會科學(xué)院》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

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【摘要】：城鎮(zhèn)化是指隨著一個國家或地區(qū)社會生產(chǎn)力的發(fā)展、科學(xué)技術(shù)的進(jìn)步以及產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)的調(diào)整，農(nóng)村人口不斷向城鎮(zhèn)轉(zhuǎn)移，，第二、三產(chǎn)業(yè)不斷向城鎮(zhèn)聚集，從而使城鎮(zhèn)數(shù)量增加，城鎮(zhèn)規(guī)模擴(kuò)大的一種歷史過程，是世界各國工業(yè)化進(jìn)程中必然經(jīng)歷的歷史階段。從現(xiàn)代化發(fā)展規(guī)律看，我國正處于城鎮(zhèn)化快速發(fā)展階段，城鎮(zhèn)化率不斷提高，每年將有大量的農(nóng)村富余勞動力及人口轉(zhuǎn)移到城市。城鎮(zhèn)的發(fā)展和管理面對的不僅是市民，更主要的是農(nóng)民。因此，中國特色的城鎮(zhèn)化道路必須把解決好農(nóng)民問題放在首位。 農(nóng)民問題主要體現(xiàn)在農(nóng)民的權(quán)益問題，農(nóng)民權(quán)益主要體現(xiàn)在政治權(quán)益、經(jīng)濟(jì)權(quán)益、社會權(quán)益等方面。然而在我國城鎮(zhèn)化過程中存在著如征地補(bǔ)償不合理、農(nóng)民的不到妥善安置、進(jìn)城農(nóng)民就業(yè)難、生活水平下降等問題，這些問題都嚴(yán)重影響著農(nóng)民的生存和發(fā)展，致使農(nóng)民的主體地位嚴(yán)重缺失，農(nóng)民權(quán)益難以保障。本文主要通過對于城鎮(zhèn)化過程中農(nóng)民權(quán)益的缺位和失衡的現(xiàn)象進(jìn)行分析，總結(jié)農(nóng)民權(quán)益受到侵害的原因并且有針對性的提出有效的解決路徑。 城鎮(zhèn)化過程中農(nóng)民權(quán)益受到侵害的原因是多方面的，既有土地產(chǎn)權(quán)制度不完善、政府行為缺位與越位、社保機(jī)制不完善等客觀因素，也有農(nóng)民權(quán)益保護(hù)組織的缺失和權(quán)益意識薄弱這些主觀因素有關(guān)。因此，我們需要運(yùn)用多方面力量，從根本上解決農(nóng)民權(quán)益缺失問題，使權(quán)益保障成為可能。農(nóng)民權(quán)益保障的路徑包括：深化農(nóng)村土地制度改革、規(guī)范地方政府行為、健全農(nóng)村社會保障機(jī)制、建立農(nóng)民權(quán)益保護(hù)組織、提高農(nóng)民權(quán)益意識這五個方面。農(nóng)民權(quán)益保障路徑的選擇直接關(guān)系到農(nóng)民權(quán)益的保障和發(fā)展，這也是化解農(nóng)村社會不穩(wěn)定因素的重要途徑。農(nóng)民的權(quán)益保障問題關(guān)系到我國城鎮(zhèn)化的推進(jìn)，農(nóng)民權(quán)益的實(shí)現(xiàn)有助于我國法治社會與和諧社會的構(gòu)建，這還需要相關(guān)制度的健全和政策法規(guī)的有效落實(shí)、需要我們在實(shí)踐中進(jìn)一步的探索。
[Abstract]:Urbanization refers to the development of the social productivity of a country or region, the progress of science and technology and the adjustment of industrial structure, the migration of rural population to town, second, third industry gathered to cities and towns, so that the increase in the number of towns, a historical process of urban expansion, is experiencing the inevitable stage of world history in the process of industrialization. From the law of modernization, China is in a stage of rapid development of urbanization, the urbanization rate increased every year, there will be a large number of rural surplus labor force and population transfer to the city. In the face of the development and management of the town is not only the public, more important is the farmers. Therefore, urbanization must be China characteristics to solve the problem of farmers in the first place.
The farmer problem is mainly reflected in the rights and interests of farmers, farmers' rights and interests is mainly reflected in the political rights, economic rights, social rights and interests. However, in the process of China's urbanization problems such as unreasonable compensation for land expropriation, farmers are not properly arranged, migrant employment problems, lower living standards, these problems are serious affects the survival and development of farmers, resulting in a serious loss of the dominant position of farmers and farmers' rights to protection. This paper mainly through the urbanization process in the absence of farmers' rights and imbalance are analyzed, with farmers rights and interests are infringed upon reason and put forward an effective solution to the path.
Farmers' rights and interests in the process of urbanization is damaged for many reasons, both the land property rights system is not perfect, vacancy and offside of government behavior, social security mechanism is not perfect and other objective factors, there are also a farmer rights protection organization and lack of rights awareness is weak these subjective factors. Therefore, we need to use more power to solve the problem of lack of rights and interests of farmers fundamentally, to protect the rights and interests of possible. Including the path to protect the peasants' Rights: to deepen the reform of rural land system, regulate the behavior of local government, improve the rural social security mechanism, establishing farmers' rights protection organization, to improve farmers' awareness of the rights and interests of the five aspects. To protect the rights and interests of farmers is directly related to the path to protect the rights and interests of farmers, which is also an important way to resolve the rural social instability. To protect the interests of farmers related to China's Urbanization Promoting the realization of farmers' rights and interests is conducive to the construction of a rule of law society and a harmonious society in China. This also requires the perfection of relevant systems and effective implementation of policies and regulations. We need further exploration in practice.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：黑龍江省社會科學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：D422.6;F299.2

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