發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-01-03 13:37

  本文關(guān)鍵詞：城市化背景下西安都市圈都市農(nóng)業(yè)生態(tài)安全評(píng)價(jià)　出處：《陜西師范大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 都市農(nóng)業(yè) 生態(tài)安全 評(píng)價(jià) 西安都市圈

【摘要】：城市化和工業(yè)化推進(jìn)了社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的同時(shí),也帶來(lái)了一系列的生態(tài)問(wèn)題,對(duì)人類(lèi)生活造成了一定的沖擊和破壞,甚至嚴(yán)重危及著人類(lèi)的生存,因這些原因引起的生態(tài)安全已經(jīng)多學(xué)科、多領(lǐng)域研究的熱門(mén)話題。都市農(nóng)業(yè)地處城市及其延伸地帶,它“服務(wù)城市,依托城市”,深受城市發(fā)展的影響,在城市化和工業(yè)化發(fā)展的同時(shí),人口大規(guī)模集聚,導(dǎo)致城市市場(chǎng)對(duì)農(nóng)業(yè)需求的規(guī)模化、多樣化,加上城市人員、技術(shù)與經(jīng)濟(jì)支持,推動(dòng)了都市農(nóng)業(yè)快速發(fā)展及其內(nèi)部結(jié)構(gòu)迅速轉(zhuǎn)變與升級(jí)。都市農(nóng)業(yè)地處城市內(nèi)部及其延伸地帶,容易受到城市開(kāi)發(fā),環(huán)境破壞生產(chǎn)和生活污染物等的影響的前沿農(nóng)業(yè),城市經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展、市場(chǎng)本身的周期性波動(dòng)會(huì)引起都市農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)規(guī)模、產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)以及經(jīng)濟(jì)效益劇烈變化等等,因此都市農(nóng)業(yè)屬于生態(tài)脆弱性農(nóng)業(yè)。這都使得都市農(nóng)業(yè)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)生產(chǎn)能力的持續(xù)性、系統(tǒng)穩(wěn)定性受到嚴(yán)重沖擊,都市農(nóng)業(yè)表現(xiàn)出顯著的脆弱性,其生態(tài)安全面臨著巨大威脅。 本文基于TM遙感影像數(shù)據(jù),社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù),借助RS、GIS、SPSS以及Vensim等軟件平臺(tái),分析了西安都市圈都市農(nóng)業(yè)生態(tài)安全進(jìn)行時(shí)空演化,以及2000、2005以及2011年生態(tài)安全變化情況；對(duì)西安都市圈都市農(nóng)業(yè)生態(tài)安全進(jìn)行等級(jí)劃分以及西安都市圈都市農(nóng)業(yè)進(jìn)行生態(tài)安全預(yù)測(cè)。本次研究旨在對(duì)西安都市圈都市農(nóng)業(yè)生態(tài)安全研究提供新的思路,一定程度上擴(kuò)充GIS技術(shù)在農(nóng)業(yè)方面的應(yīng)運(yùn)；為都市農(nóng)業(yè)的研究?jī)?nèi)容的充實(shí)做出微薄的貢獻(xiàn),為加強(qiáng)西安實(shí)現(xiàn)國(guó)際化大都市建設(shè)提供一些借鑒意義,為都市農(nóng)業(yè)資源保護(hù)、生態(tài)環(huán)境治理等提供理論依據(jù),為西安城鄉(xiāng)協(xié)調(diào)、未來(lái)城市發(fā)展乃至對(duì)關(guān)中天水經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展與規(guī)劃提供借鑒。 通過(guò)研究分析,得出以下結(jié)論： 1.西安都市圈都市農(nóng)業(yè)生態(tài)安全總體呈現(xiàn)上升的趨勢(shì),2000年-2011年期間,西安都市圈都市農(nóng)業(yè)總體生態(tài)安全狀況從0.388上升到0.551。西安都市圈實(shí)施農(nóng)業(yè)節(jié)能減排,生態(tài)環(huán)境不斷得到改善,加強(qiáng)農(nóng)業(yè)面源污染控制,減少農(nóng)業(yè)廢棄物多生態(tài)環(huán)境的破壞；農(nóng)業(yè)科技創(chuàng)新能力不斷增強(qiáng)等提高了都市農(nóng)業(yè)生態(tài)安全指數(shù)。 2.西安都市圈都市農(nóng)業(yè)生態(tài)安全狀況呈現(xiàn)明顯的空間分異特征呈現(xiàn)市中心生態(tài)安全綜合指數(shù)低于城市周邊地區(qū),人口城市化帶來(lái)都市居民人均住宅面積減少,導(dǎo)致的土地資源壓力大,同時(shí)帶來(lái)的人均水資源占有量的匱乏也是其生態(tài)安全指數(shù)降低重要方面；都市農(nóng)業(yè)生態(tài)安全狀況呈現(xiàn)由北向南逐漸變好的趨勢(shì),南部區(qū)域生態(tài)環(huán)境條件較好、自然資源豐富,政府加大秦嶺北麓現(xiàn)代都市農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展是其主要原因。 3.2000-2011年西安都市圈都市農(nóng)業(yè)生態(tài)安全狀況好轉(zhuǎn)區(qū)域多于惡化區(qū)域。好轉(zhuǎn)的區(qū)域主要集中在秦嶺北麓地區(qū),主要是該區(qū)自然資源有得天獨(dú)厚的優(yōu)勢(shì),加之秦嶺環(huán)山公路沿線交通便利,農(nóng)業(yè)科技示范園區(qū)的建立,農(nóng)業(yè)旅游板塊的形成等,生態(tài)安全好轉(zhuǎn)；市中心區(qū)以及咸陽(yáng)部分區(qū)域,生態(tài)安全狀況惡化的主要原因是城市化導(dǎo)致的都市農(nóng)業(yè)耕地資源的匱乏,人口城市化導(dǎo)致的人口數(shù)量的增多,人均水資源占有量的下降,生產(chǎn)生活污染物對(duì)生態(tài)環(huán)境的破壞等,使其都市農(nóng)業(yè)生態(tài)安全狀況沒(méi)有好轉(zhuǎn),反倒惡化。 4.西安都市圈都市農(nóng)業(yè)等級(jí)總體狀況：人口安全從都市圈核心地區(qū)向周邊地區(qū)增強(qiáng)；資源安全主要受本身資源優(yōu)勢(shì)和建國(guó)際化大都市的影響,西安市核心區(qū)域蓮湖區(qū)、碑林區(qū)、新城區(qū)、雁塔區(qū)、灞橋區(qū)在降低；而藍(lán)田縣、未央?yún)^(qū)、臨潼區(qū)在上升；環(huán)境安全與城市化發(fā)展水平息息相關(guān),都市圈核心地區(qū)如新城區(qū)、碑林區(qū)、蓮湖區(qū)安全程度一直較低；距離核心區(qū)較近的如雁塔區(qū)、灞橋區(qū)、未央?yún)^(qū)、渭城區(qū)等環(huán)境安全在降低；其余區(qū)縣安全等級(jí)基本無(wú)變化；社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展安全與區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展、資源數(shù)量密切相關(guān),區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展落后,發(fā)展水平相對(duì)較低,如禮泉縣、涇陽(yáng)縣；自然資源較匱乏區(qū)發(fā)展也相對(duì)落后,如都市圈核心區(qū)。 5.西安都市圈都市農(nóng)業(yè)預(yù)測(cè)分析：隨時(shí)間的推進(jìn),都市農(nóng)業(yè)生態(tài)安全總指數(shù)呈現(xiàn)上升的狀態(tài),2020年為0.58,2030年為0.60,2040年為0.63,2050年為0.70；從生態(tài)安全等級(jí)劃分來(lái)看,到2050年,生態(tài)安全等級(jí)已經(jīng)從“較安全,,狀態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)椤鞍踩睜顟B(tài)。
[Abstract]:City modernization and industrialization, promote the social economic development and at the same time, also brought a series of ecological problems, caused a certain impact and destruction of human life, and even endanger the survival of mankind, ecological security caused by these reasons have many subjects, hot topic research in many areas. Urban agriculture is located in the city and the extension area, it "service city, relying on the city", is deeply influenced by the development of the city, in the city and the industrialization development at the same time, the large population agglomeration, leading to the city market demand for agriculture scale, diversity, and city personnel, economic and technical support, to promote the rapid development of agriculture and the internal structure of the city the rapid change and upgrade. Urban agriculture is located within the city and its extended area, vulnerable to city development, leading agricultural environmental damage impact the production and life of the city by the pollutants. Economic development, cyclical fluctuations in the market itself will cause the urban agricultural production scale, product structure and economic benefit of dramatic changes and so on, so the urban agriculture belongs to the ecological vulnerability of agriculture. All this makes the continuous production capacity of urban agriculture ecological system, the stability of the system under the serious impact, urban agriculture showed significant ecological vulnerability, the security is facing a huge threat.
In this paper, based on TM remote sensing data, social economic statistical data, with the help of RS, GIS, SPSS and Vensim software platform, analyzes the agricultural ecological security in Xi'an metropolitan city spatial temporal evolution, and 20002005 in 2011 and the changes of agricultural ecological security; ecological security of Xi'an metropolitan city grade and Xi'an Metropolitan Urban Agriculture the ecological safety prediction. The aim of this study is to provide new ideas for the study of agricultural ecological security in Xi'an metropolitan city, to a certain extent be extended GIS technology in agriculture; make a little contribution to enrich the research contents of urban agriculture, to strengthen the implementation of the Xi'an international metropolis construction to provide some reference for urban agricultural resources protection and provide a theoretical basis for the ecological environment, Xi'an city of the future development of urban and rural coordination, and even to the Guanzhong Tianshui The economic development and planning of the economic zone can be used for reference.
Through the research and analysis, the following conclusions are drawn.
1. Xi'an urban agriculture ecological security overall upward trend, during the 2000 -2011 year, Xi'an urban agriculture overall situation of ecological security rose from 0.388 to 0.551. of Xi'an metropolitan area to implement agricultural energy saving and emission reduction, the ecological environment continues to improve, strengthen the agricultural nonpoint source pollution control, reduce agricultural waste much of the destruction of the ecological environment; the innovation ability of agricultural science and technology continue to enhance and improve the agricultural ecological security index of the city.
2. Xi'an urban agriculture ecological security situation presents obvious spatial differentiation characteristics of the ecological security index is lower than the central city and surrounding areas, the city population brings urban residents per capita residential area reduction, land resource stress, water resources per capita and the possession is the lack of ecological security index decrease; agricultural ecological security status of urban presentation from north to South gradually trend, regional ecological environment conditions of Southern good, rich natural resources, the government of Qinling Mountains to increase the development of modern urban agriculture is the main reason.
3.2000-2011 Xi'an urban agriculture ecological security situation is better than better. The deterioration of regional regional areas are mainly concentrated in the northern Qinling Mountains area, is the main natural resources in this area have the advantage in Qinling Mountains is richly endowed by nature, along the highway and convenient transportation, the establishment of agricultural science and technology demonstration park, agricultural tourism sector formation, ecological security is improved; the downtown area and Xianyang area, mainly due to the deterioration of the ecological security situation is the lack of urban agricultural cultivated land resources in the city, increase in the number of population in the city, the per capita water resources decline, production and life of pollutants on the destruction of the ecological environment, the urban agriculture ecological security situation has not improved, but worse.
4. Xi'an urban agriculture level overall situation: Population Security Enhancement from the core of the metropolitan area to the surrounding area; resource security is mainly affected by itself resources and build international metropolis, the core area of Xi'an Lianhu District, Beilin District, New District, Yanta District, Baqiao district and Lantian County, in the lower; Weiyang. Lintong district is on the rise; the level of development of city safety and environment, the core area of metropolitan New City, Beilin, Lianhu District safety degree was very low; the closer distance from the core areas such as Yanta District, Baqiao District, Weiyang District, Weicheng district environmental safety in reduced; no change in the rest of the district security level; the social security of economic development and regional economic development, the number of resources is closely related to the development of regional economy is backward, relatively low level of development, such as Liquan County, Jingyang County; natural resources are scarce area development It is also relatively backward, such as the core of the metropolitan area.
The prediction analysis of 5. Xi'an Urban Agriculture: with the advance of time, the total agricultural ecological security index of urban rising state, in 2020 for 0.582030 years to 0.602040 years to 0.632050 years is 0.70; from the ecological security classification, by 2050, the ecological security level has been relatively safe, and from the state into "safe" state.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：陜西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F327;F205

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