【摘要】：城市建設(shè)的高速發(fā)展,對(duì)城市地下空間的利用率提出了更高的要求。超高層建筑、地鐵工程、地下商場(chǎng)等工程日益增多,面臨的工程技術(shù)問(wèn)題也越來(lái)越復(fù)雜。深基坑工程作為一個(gè)復(fù)雜的巖土工程問(wèn)題,日益引起專家學(xué)者的重視,已取得了很多成功的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。目前,對(duì)于平面形狀規(guī)則的基坑研究較多,已經(jīng)形成了系統(tǒng)的分析方法和計(jì)算理論。然而,對(duì)于不規(guī)則形狀基坑的研究相對(duì)較少,尤其是對(duì)于存在陽(yáng)角的基坑的受力與變形研究更少。在建筑基坑監(jiān)測(cè)規(guī)范中僅限于提出要重視基坑陽(yáng)角處的受力與變形卻并未給出陽(yáng)角處受力及變形與其他部位的定量對(duì)比。因此,針對(duì)異型基坑存在的問(wèn)題,主要從事如下幾個(gè)方面的研究:(1)編制了基坑施工安全監(jiān)控方案,進(jìn)行了基坑開挖施工全過(guò)程安全監(jiān)測(cè)。對(duì)基坑監(jiān)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行整理與分析,發(fā)現(xiàn):①基坑大部分區(qū)域變形已超過(guò)預(yù)警值,應(yīng)對(duì)基坑支撐方式進(jìn)行優(yōu)化;②基坑陽(yáng)角處變形明顯大于其他部位,需對(duì)陽(yáng)角處應(yīng)力及變形規(guī)律進(jìn)行研究。(2)通過(guò)分析多種支護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)受力及變形計(jì)算方法,提出采用增量法對(duì)支護(hù)結(jié)構(gòu)受力及變形進(jìn)行計(jì)算更符合工程實(shí)際。在此基礎(chǔ)上,采用FLAC3D有限差分程序建立三維基坑模型,根據(jù)基坑實(shí)際開挖情況劃分基坑工況,將不同工況下圍護(hù)墻側(cè)向變形數(shù)據(jù)與實(shí)際監(jiān)測(cè)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行了對(duì)比,表明兩者吻合性較好,從而驗(yàn)證了數(shù)值分析模型的合理性。(3)通過(guò)對(duì)比不同工況圍護(hù)墻側(cè)向變形,找出導(dǎo)致圍護(hù)墻變形增幅最大的工況,進(jìn)而確定關(guān)鍵開挖步;通過(guò)對(duì)比三種支撐形式下圍護(hù)墻的側(cè)向變形及支撐軸力,指出陽(yáng)角北側(cè)施加一道支撐的方式各個(gè)支撐受力較均勻,支撐能夠充分發(fā)揮作用,控制圍護(hù)墻側(cè)向變形效果最好。(4)在不改變基坑支撐方式條件下,通過(guò)改變基坑陽(yáng)角角度,研究不同角度陽(yáng)角角部空間應(yīng)力與變形及支撐軸力的變化規(guī)律,指出隨著陽(yáng)角角度的增大,陰角及其南側(cè)區(qū)域變形減小,且減小幅度最大位置在陰角附近,陽(yáng)角及其以北區(qū)域位移增大,且增幅最大位置在陽(yáng)角處;當(dāng)陽(yáng)角角度為145°時(shí),陽(yáng)角處應(yīng)力集中最明顯,當(dāng)陽(yáng)角角度大于150°時(shí),應(yīng)力集中現(xiàn)象逐漸消失。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of urban construction, the utilization rate of urban underground space is put forward higher requirements. There are more and more projects such as super high-rise buildings, subway projects, underground shopping malls and so on, and the engineering and technical problems are becoming more and more complex. As a complex geotechnical engineering problem, deep foundation pit engineering has attracted more and more attention of experts and scholars, and has achieved a lot of successful experience. At present, there are many studies on the foundation pit with regular plane shape, and a systematic analysis method and calculation theory have been formed. However, there is relatively little research on the irregular shape foundation pit, especially on the stress and deformation of the foundation pit with positive angle. In the monitoring code of building foundation pit, it is limited to pay attention to the force and deformation at the positive angle of the foundation pit, but the quantitative comparison between the force and deformation at the positive angle and other parts is not given. Therefore, in view of the problems existing in the special-shaped foundation pit, the main research is as follows: (1) the safety monitoring scheme of foundation pit construction is compiled, and the safety monitoring of the whole process of foundation pit excavation construction is carried out. The monitoring data of foundation pit are sorted out and analyzed, and it is found that: (1) the deformation of most areas of foundation pit has exceeded the early warning value, so the supporting mode of foundation pit should be optimized; (2) the deformation at the positive angle of foundation pit is obviously larger than that at other parts, so it is necessary to study the stress and deformation law at the positive angle. (2) by analyzing various calculation methods of stress and deformation of supporting structure, It is proposed that the incremental method is more in line with the engineering practice to calculate the stress and deformation of the supporting structure. On this basis, the three-dimensional foundation pit model is established by FLAC3D finite difference program, and the foundation pit working conditions are divided according to the actual excavation conditions of the foundation pit, and the lateral deformation data of the retaining wall under different working conditions are compared with the actual monitoring data. The results show that the two are in good agreement with each other, which verifies the rationality of the numerical analysis model. (3) by comparing the lateral deformation of the retaining wall under different working conditions, the working conditions that lead to the largest increase in the deformation of the retaining wall are found out, and then the key excavation steps are determined. By comparing the lateral deformation and supporting axial force of the retaining wall under the three supporting forms, it is pointed out that the support force of each support on the north side of the positive angle is more uniform, and the support can give full play to its function. The effect of controlling the lateral deformation of the retaining wall is the best. (4) under the condition of not changing the supporting mode of the foundation pit, the spatial stress, deformation and supporting axial force of the angle of the positive angle of the foundation pit are studied by changing the angle of the positive angle of the foundation pit. It is pointed out that with the increase of the angle of positive angle, the deformation of the angle of yin and its south side decreases, and the maximum amplitude of decrease is near the angle of yin, and the displacement of the angle of yang and its north increases, and the position of the largest increase is at the angle of yang. When the positive angle is 145 擄, the stress concentration at the positive angle is the most obvious, and when the positive angle is more than 150 擄, the stress concentration phenomenon disappears gradually.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：武漢理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TU753

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