【摘要】：液壓挖掘機(jī)是現(xiàn)代工程建設(shè)中常用的主要工程機(jī)械裝備之一,在國民經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)中占有著重要地位。工作裝置是液壓挖掘機(jī)動(dòng)作的主要執(zhí)行機(jī)構(gòu),在液壓挖掘機(jī)作業(yè)過程中,工作裝置由于直接受到各種復(fù)雜載荷的作用,且作業(yè)環(huán)境嚴(yán)酷惡劣,因此對(duì)工作裝置結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)的合理性、操作的方便性、使用的耐久性以及可靠性提出了更高的要求,同時(shí)它也直接影響著液壓挖掘機(jī)的工作特性和使用壽命。液壓挖掘機(jī)工作裝置的強(qiáng)度和疲勞壽命滿足工作環(huán)境要求是其結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)是否合理的關(guān)鍵要素。本文從某一型號(hào)液壓挖掘機(jī)作業(yè)過程中工作裝置所處實(shí)際作業(yè)環(huán)境出發(fā),建立了極端狀態(tài)下液壓挖掘機(jī)工作裝置的受力分析模型,并對(duì)鏟斗、斗桿以及動(dòng)臂及整體工作裝置的受力狀況進(jìn)行了理論計(jì)算,得到了工作裝置工作狀態(tài)下的極端載荷;運(yùn)用ANSYS軟件中APDL參數(shù)化語言,建立了液壓挖掘機(jī)工作裝置的三維實(shí)體模型,并針對(duì)極端載荷下工作裝置應(yīng)力與應(yīng)變分布情況仿真模擬。通過理論分析以及模擬仿真,找出了工作裝置結(jié)構(gòu)強(qiáng)度的薄弱之處,并進(jìn)行了結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì);針對(duì)工作裝置的危險(xiǎn)點(diǎn)和危險(xiǎn)區(qū)域的應(yīng)力,對(duì)工作裝置的疲勞壽命進(jìn)行了仿真分析,仿真結(jié)果表明優(yōu)化后的液壓挖掘機(jī)工作裝置的結(jié)構(gòu)設(shè)計(jì)是滿足工作要求的。研究成果已應(yīng)用于實(shí)際型號(hào)的液壓挖掘機(jī)工作裝置的設(shè)計(jì)生產(chǎn)中,且表明可為液壓挖掘機(jī)工作裝置的設(shè)計(jì)提供重要的指導(dǎo)。
[Abstract]:Hydraulic excavator is one of the main construction machinery equipment commonly used in modern engineering construction and plays an important role in the national economic construction. The working device is the main executing mechanism of hydraulic excavator action. In the process of hydraulic excavator operation, the working device is directly affected by various complex loads, and the working environment is harsh. Therefore, the rationality of the structure design of the working device, the convenience of operation, the durability and reliability of the hydraulic excavator are put forward. At the same time, it has a direct impact on the working characteristics and service life of the hydraulic excavator. The strength and fatigue life of hydraulic excavator working device meet the requirements of working environment. Starting from the actual working environment of a certain type of hydraulic excavator in the working process, this paper sets up an analysis model of the working device of the hydraulic excavator under extreme conditions, and makes a bucket analysis. The mechanical condition of the bucket rod, the moving arm and the whole working device is calculated theoretically, and the extreme load under the working state of the working device is obtained. Using APDL parameterized language in ANSYS software, the three-dimensional solid model of hydraulic excavator working device is established, and the stress and strain distribution of the working device under extreme load is simulated. Through theoretical analysis and simulation, the weakness of the structural strength of the working device is found, and the structural optimization design is carried out. The fatigue life of the working device is simulated and analyzed in view of the dangerous point and the stress in the dangerous area. The simulation results show that the optimized structure design of the working device of the hydraulic excavator can meet the requirements of the work. The research results have been applied to the design and production of the working device of the actual hydraulic excavator, and it is indicated that it can provide important guidance for the design of the working device of the hydraulic excavator.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安建筑科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TU621

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