發(fā)布時間：2018-08-12 18:56

【摘要】：農(nóng)村地區(qū)土坯建筑由于其本身材料強(qiáng)度低以及農(nóng)民自籌自建的隨意性,導(dǎo)致其整體性能差,抗震性能非常脆弱。近年來頻繁發(fā)生地震災(zāi)害,作為傳統(tǒng)民居主要結(jié)構(gòu)形式之一的土坯墻承重民居,破壞非常嚴(yán)重,造成了大量人員傷亡和財產(chǎn)損失,對這些量大面廣存在于農(nóng)村地區(qū)的危房進(jìn)行簡單、經(jīng)濟(jì)、有效的抗震加固改造具有非常重要的現(xiàn)實意義。另外,土坯墻承重民居由于耐久性能差,正常使用階段就會產(chǎn)生不同形式的開裂與剝蝕現(xiàn)象,嚴(yán)重影響其使用壽命與房屋安全,因此,如何采取合理的裂縫修復(fù)技術(shù)以增加土坯墻承重民居的耐久性能是本文研究的另一目的。本文主要研究內(nèi)容如下:(1)通過對生土民居抗震性能脆弱的根本原因及其震害特征的分析研究,針對土坯建筑提出了兩種經(jīng)濟(jì)、可行的加固技術(shù):采用內(nèi)外格柵配筋網(wǎng)加固承重土坯墻體與刻槽加固土坯圍護(hù)墻體的方法。針對西北地區(qū)黃土與水玻璃的化學(xué)反應(yīng)機(jī)理,提出了水玻璃修復(fù)生土墻體裂縫的方法。(2)按典型土坯墻承重民居的1/2縮尺制作模型,待模型完成后對其采用內(nèi)外格柵配筋網(wǎng)的方法進(jìn)行加固。根據(jù)相似關(guān)系,與選取的地震波,確定了詳細(xì)的試驗加載方案。(3)對加固后的模型進(jìn)行模擬地震振動臺試驗,通過分析模型在不同抗震設(shè)防烈度下的結(jié)構(gòu)破壞現(xiàn)象、動力特性的變化情況及加速度和位移的反應(yīng),對其加固措施的有效性進(jìn)行評價。本文主要結(jié)論:從房屋模型制作過程看,本文所采用的土坯墻體的修復(fù)與加固改良方法簡單有效,適宜于農(nóng)村使用;通過模擬地震振動臺試驗,可以看出采用內(nèi)外格柵配筋網(wǎng)加固后的土坯墻承重房屋,滿足我國8度設(shè)防地區(qū)規(guī)范規(guī)定的“小震不壞、中震可修、大震不倒”的抗震設(shè)防要求。
[Abstract]:Because of its low strength of materials and the randomness of self-building by farmers in rural areas, the overall performance of adobe buildings is poor and the seismic performance is very fragile. In recent years, frequent earthquake disasters have occurred. As one of the main structural forms of traditional residential buildings, adobe wall bears heavy load, and the damage is very serious, resulting in a large number of casualties and property losses. It is of great practical significance to carry out simple, economical and effective seismic reinforcement and reconstruction of these dangerous houses in rural areas. In addition, due to the poor durability of adobe wall, different forms of cracking and denudation will occur in the normal service phase, which seriously affects its service life and building safety. How to adopt reasonable crack repair technology to increase durability of adobe wall bearing residential buildings is another purpose of this paper. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) based on the analysis of the basic causes of the weak seismic performance and the characteristics of earthquake damage of the native houses, two kinds of economy are put forward for the adobe building. Feasible reinforcement technology: the method of strengthening bearing adobe wall with inner and outer grille reinforcement net and strengthening retaining wall with groove. In view of the chemical reaction mechanism between loess and water glass in Northwest China, the method of repairing cracks in raw soil wall with water glass is put forward. (2) the model is made according to 1 / 2 scale of typical adobe wall bearing residential building. After the model is completed, the method of internal and external grid reinforcement is used to reinforce it. According to the similarity relation and the selected seismic wave, the detailed test loading scheme is determined. (3) the shaking table test of the reinforced model is carried out, and the failure phenomenon of the structure under different seismic fortification intensity is analyzed. The change of dynamic characteristics and the response of acceleration and displacement are evaluated to evaluate the effectiveness of the reinforcement measures. The main conclusions of this paper are as follows: from the process of building model making, the method of repairing and strengthening the adobe wall adopted in this paper is simple and effective and suitable for use in rural areas. It can be seen that the adobe wall bearing houses strengthened by internal and external grille reinforcement net can meet the requirements of seismic fortification of "small earthquake is not bad, medium earthquake is repairable, big earthquake is not collapsed" as stipulated in the code of 8 degree fortification area of our country.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西安建筑科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TU361;TU746.3

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相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 趙成;阿肯江·托呼提;;生土建筑研究綜述[J];四川建筑;2010年01期

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本文編號：2179992