預(yù)制混凝土夾芯墻連接件受力性能及墻體熱工性能研究
發(fā)布時間：2018-08-11 12:07
【摘要】：預(yù)制混凝土夾芯墻滿足建筑節(jié)能和住宅產(chǎn)業(yè)化的要求,具有廣闊的應(yīng)用前景,然而國內(nèi)研究處于起步階段,需要開展進一步研究工作來支持其在實際工程中的應(yīng)用。連接件是預(yù)制混凝土夾芯墻中保證內(nèi)葉、外葉和保溫層協(xié)同工作的關(guān)鍵部件,其力學(xué)性能關(guān)系到墻體的安全性和耐久性,而預(yù)制混凝土夾芯外墻的熱工性能優(yōu)劣直接決定著預(yù)制裝配式建筑的保溫隔熱性能和建筑能耗。為此,本文針對預(yù)制裝配式混凝土夾芯墻體系,展開了內(nèi)、外葉間復(fù)合式連接件的受力性能與夾芯墻的熱工性能試驗及數(shù)值模擬研究。首先,對設(shè)置復(fù)合式連接件的預(yù)制混凝土夾芯墻體進行了單側(cè)拉拔、單側(cè)剪切、雙側(cè)拉拔、雙側(cè)剪切共計84個試件的試驗研究工作,獲得了復(fù)合式連接件的抗拉和抗剪受力性能,并就連接件與鋼筋網(wǎng)片的位置關(guān)系對極限承載力的影響進行了分析。結(jié)果表明:單個連接件的拉拔承載力均值為12.1k N~27.3k N,抗剪承載力均值為15.5k N~18.8k N,具有較大的安全儲備;拉拔破壞和剪切破壞均屬于脆性破壞;連接件與分布鋼筋的位置關(guān)系對極限承載力幾乎沒有影響,但外葉墻鋼筋網(wǎng)片能夠延緩連接件十字叉的拔出過程;基于錐形體拉拔破壞模式,提出了適用于復(fù)合式連接件的拉拔承載力計算公式,并得到了試驗結(jié)果的驗證;提出了適用于單側(cè)和雙側(cè)剪切的受力模型,基于ABAQUS對連接件穿心鋼筋的剪切性能進行了有限元分析,得到了實驗結(jié)果的驗證。其次,展開對預(yù)制混凝土夾芯墻體熱工性能的試驗研究。根據(jù)夾芯保溫層厚度、保溫層材料、墻體中連接件位置的不同設(shè)計并制作了4片夾芯墻,采用熱箱-熱流計法對墻體的傳熱系數(shù)進行了實測,并與各墻體傳熱系數(shù)的理論計算值進行了對比,結(jié)果表明:連接件位置形成的熱橋,導(dǎo)致墻體平均傳熱系數(shù)增大約32.4%;保溫層厚度與保溫層材料對墻體傳熱系數(shù)有顯著的影響;墻體傳熱系數(shù)理論值均明顯小于試驗結(jié)果,這是由于連接件使墻體傳熱過程由一維變成了多維,基于一維傳熱假設(shè)的傳統(tǒng)理論計算方法不再適用于本文墻體傳熱系數(shù)的計算。最后,基于通用有限元軟件ANSYS對設(shè)置有復(fù)合式連接件的預(yù)制混凝土夾芯保溫墻體進行了數(shù)值模擬,分析了連接件的熱橋效應(yīng),在有限元模型得到試驗結(jié)果驗證的基礎(chǔ)上,對影響墻體傳熱系數(shù)的各項因素包括各材料導(dǎo)熱系數(shù)、保溫層厚度、連接件布置間距等展開擴大參數(shù)分析,結(jié)果顯示:傳熱系數(shù)的有限元結(jié)果與試驗均值相對誤差在30%之內(nèi),且由數(shù)值模擬獲得的各試驗墻體內(nèi)、外表面溫度、內(nèi)表面熱流密度、傳熱系數(shù)變化規(guī)律與試驗結(jié)果完全相同,證實本文有限元模型能夠模擬帶有連接件墻體的傳熱過程;在復(fù)合式連接件及附近,溫度急劇變化,熱流密度增大非常明顯,熱橋效應(yīng)顯著;連接件穿心鋼筋的外裹尼龍使墻體傳熱系數(shù)降低約15.4%,但增加外裹尼龍的厚度對墻體熱工性能的改善作用有限;穿心鋼筋、混凝土、保溫層以及外裹尼龍材料的導(dǎo)熱系數(shù)皆對墻體傳熱系數(shù)有較大影響,其中穿心鋼筋的導(dǎo)熱系數(shù)越大,墻體傳熱系數(shù)越高,但影響程度逐漸減弱,當(dāng)穿心鋼筋導(dǎo)熱系數(shù)較低時(λ_steel≤20 W/(m2?K)),外裹尼龍效果不明顯;在保證結(jié)構(gòu)安全性的前提下,增大連接件布置間距和減小穿心鋼筋直徑均可大幅度提高墻體熱工性能。
[Abstract]:Prefabricated concrete sandwich wall meets the requirements of building energy conservation and residential industrialization, and has broad application prospects. However, domestic research is still in its infancy, and further research is needed to support its application in practical projects. The mechanical properties of the components are related to the safety and durability of the wall, and the thermal performance of the prefabricated concrete sandwich wall directly determines the thermal insulation performance and building energy consumption of the prefabricated assembly building. Firstly, 84 specimens of prefabricated concrete sandwich wall with composite connectors were tested and studied, including unilateral pull-out, unilateral shear, bilateral pull-out and bilateral shear. The tensile and shear properties of composite connectors were obtained. The results show that the average pull-out bearing capacity of a single connector is 12.1kN~27.3kN, and the average shear bearing capacity is 15.5kN~18.8kN, which has a large safety reserve. The pull-out failure and shear failure are brittle failure. It has little effect on the ultimate bearing capacity, but the steel mesh of outer leaf wall can delay the pull-out process of the connector cross. Based on the conical pull-out failure mode, a formula for calculating the pull-out bearing capacity of composite connectors is proposed and verified by the test results. Based on ABAQUS, the finite element analysis of the shear performance of the connector core-piercing steel bar is carried out, and the experimental results are verified. Secondly, the experimental study on the thermal performance of the precast concrete sandwich wall is carried out. The results show that the average heat transfer coefficient of the wall increases by about 32.4% due to the heat bridge formed by the connecting parts, and the thickness of the insulation layer and the material of the insulation layer have a significant effect on the heat transfer coefficient of the wall. The theoretical values are obviously smaller than the experimental results, because the connection changes the heat transfer process from one-dimensional to multi-dimensional, the traditional theoretical calculation method based on the one-dimensional heat transfer assumption is no longer applicable to the calculation of the heat transfer coefficient of the wall in this paper. Finally, based on the general finite element software ANSYS, the precast concrete sandwich protection with composite connection is carried out. The thermal bridge effect of the connector is analyzed by numerical simulation. On the basis of the experimental results of the finite element model, the factors affecting the heat transfer coefficient of the wall, including the thermal conductivity of each material, the thickness of the insulation layer, the spacing between the connectors and so on, are analyzed. The results show that the finite element results of the heat transfer coefficient are satisfactory. The relative error is within 30% of the test mean, and the variation law of the temperature, heat flux and heat transfer coefficient of the inner and outer surfaces of the test walls obtained by numerical simulation is identical with the test results, which confirms that the finite element model can simulate the heat transfer process of the wall with connectors; the temperature changes sharply in and near the composite connectors. The heat transfer coefficient of the wall decreases by about 15.4% with the increase of the thickness of the outer nylon, but the improvement of the thermal performance of the wall is limited with the increase of the thickness of the outer nylon. The greater the thermal conductivity of the steel bar through the core, the higher the heat transfer coefficient of the wall, but the degree of influence is gradually weakened. When the thermal conductivity of the steel bar through the core is lower (lambda_steel < 20 W /(m2? K)), the effect of nylon coating is not obvious; on the premise of ensuring the structural safety, increasing the spacing of connectors and reducing the diameter of the steel bar through the core can be significant. The thermal performance of the wall is improved.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TU111.4;TU37
本文編號：2176950
[Abstract]:Prefabricated concrete sandwich wall meets the requirements of building energy conservation and residential industrialization, and has broad application prospects. However, domestic research is still in its infancy, and further research is needed to support its application in practical projects. The mechanical properties of the components are related to the safety and durability of the wall, and the thermal performance of the prefabricated concrete sandwich wall directly determines the thermal insulation performance and building energy consumption of the prefabricated assembly building. Firstly, 84 specimens of prefabricated concrete sandwich wall with composite connectors were tested and studied, including unilateral pull-out, unilateral shear, bilateral pull-out and bilateral shear. The tensile and shear properties of composite connectors were obtained. The results show that the average pull-out bearing capacity of a single connector is 12.1kN~27.3kN, and the average shear bearing capacity is 15.5kN~18.8kN, which has a large safety reserve. The pull-out failure and shear failure are brittle failure. It has little effect on the ultimate bearing capacity, but the steel mesh of outer leaf wall can delay the pull-out process of the connector cross. Based on the conical pull-out failure mode, a formula for calculating the pull-out bearing capacity of composite connectors is proposed and verified by the test results. Based on ABAQUS, the finite element analysis of the shear performance of the connector core-piercing steel bar is carried out, and the experimental results are verified. Secondly, the experimental study on the thermal performance of the precast concrete sandwich wall is carried out. The results show that the average heat transfer coefficient of the wall increases by about 32.4% due to the heat bridge formed by the connecting parts, and the thickness of the insulation layer and the material of the insulation layer have a significant effect on the heat transfer coefficient of the wall. The theoretical values are obviously smaller than the experimental results, because the connection changes the heat transfer process from one-dimensional to multi-dimensional, the traditional theoretical calculation method based on the one-dimensional heat transfer assumption is no longer applicable to the calculation of the heat transfer coefficient of the wall in this paper. Finally, based on the general finite element software ANSYS, the precast concrete sandwich protection with composite connection is carried out. The thermal bridge effect of the connector is analyzed by numerical simulation. On the basis of the experimental results of the finite element model, the factors affecting the heat transfer coefficient of the wall, including the thermal conductivity of each material, the thickness of the insulation layer, the spacing between the connectors and so on, are analyzed. The results show that the finite element results of the heat transfer coefficient are satisfactory. The relative error is within 30% of the test mean, and the variation law of the temperature, heat flux and heat transfer coefficient of the inner and outer surfaces of the test walls obtained by numerical simulation is identical with the test results, which confirms that the finite element model can simulate the heat transfer process of the wall with connectors; the temperature changes sharply in and near the composite connectors. The heat transfer coefficient of the wall decreases by about 15.4% with the increase of the thickness of the outer nylon, but the improvement of the thermal performance of the wall is limited with the increase of the thickness of the outer nylon. The greater the thermal conductivity of the steel bar through the core, the higher the heat transfer coefficient of the wall, but the degree of influence is gradually weakened. When the thermal conductivity of the steel bar through the core is lower (lambda_steel < 20 W /(m2? K)), the effect of nylon coating is not obvious; on the premise of ensuring the structural safety, increasing the spacing of connectors and reducing the diameter of the steel bar through the core can be significant. The thermal performance of the wall is improved.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TU111.4;TU37
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