本文選題：砌體結(jié)構(gòu) + 后張預應力加固��； 參考：《中國地震局工程力學研究所》2015年博士論文

【摘要】：我國現(xiàn)存著大量的未經(jīng)抗震設防或按老舊規(guī)范抗震設防的砌體建筑,為了避免這些建筑在地震作用下的嚴重破壞,需要對其進行加固。近年來發(fā)生的汶川地震和蘆山地震中,很多砌體結(jié)構(gòu)損傷嚴重,但尚未倒塌,這些砌體結(jié)構(gòu)是否可以修復,如何修復,修復后抗震性能有什么變化,目前還沒有系統(tǒng)的研究可以借鑒。本文在基于性能的地震工程框架下,對砌體結(jié)構(gòu)進行抗震加固與震后修復,并通過足尺結(jié)構(gòu)試驗評估其性能。本文主要工作如下:1.對某老舊砌體結(jié)構(gòu)采用后張預應力技術進行抗震加固,并對加固后砌體結(jié)構(gòu)進行了雙向擬靜力試驗。附加預應力水平采用砌體結(jié)構(gòu)抗壓強度設計值的20%,在提高承載力的同時避免剪壓破壞。本文詳細介紹了后張預應力加固二層砌體結(jié)構(gòu)模型的加固流程,擬靜力試驗的加載和測量方案,并對砌體結(jié)構(gòu)的損傷程度進行了分析和評估。2.對采用后張預應力技術加固的砌體結(jié)構(gòu)進行數(shù)值模擬。分別采用MSC.Marc和OpenSEES軟件建立了加固砌體結(jié)構(gòu)的精細化有限元模型和宏觀力學模型。精細化有限元模型采用連續(xù)化方法和彈塑性損傷模型模擬砌體的破壞過程;而宏觀力學模型采用剪切彈簧模擬墻片的宏觀力學行為,通過分析50個后張預應力加固砌體墻片的試驗數(shù)據(jù),回歸了加固墻片的開裂荷載計算公式。通過精細化有限元模型和宏觀力學模型得到的滯回曲線與試驗曲線的對比可知,這兩種建模方法與試驗吻合的較好,可以為該種結(jié)構(gòu)的抗震性能研究提供一定的參考。3.未加固砌體結(jié)構(gòu)擬靜力試驗。預應力加固結(jié)構(gòu)擬靜力試驗后結(jié)構(gòu)的第二層破壞的較輕,剛度損傷較小。為了對比加固效果,本文將一層用鋼梁固定,而將預應力筋值調(diào)整為結(jié)構(gòu)第二層自重對第一層的壓應力,對第二層結(jié)構(gòu)進行加載,模擬未加固結(jié)構(gòu)的首層力學性能。通過對比可知,預應力加固可使結(jié)構(gòu)的峰值承載力提高至未加固結(jié)構(gòu)的兩倍左右,且結(jié)構(gòu)的耗能能力也大幅度增加。4.基于性能的砌體結(jié)構(gòu)修復研究。對上述試驗過后的損傷結(jié)構(gòu)進行損傷評估后,綜合考慮費用、工期和修復后承載力三方面的因素確定修復目標,根據(jù)修復目標選擇增設構(gòu)造柱和水泥砂漿鋼筋網(wǎng)面層兩種加固方法對損傷結(jié)構(gòu)進行修復,通過修復過程中對工期和費用的量化可知修復結(jié)構(gòu)與新建結(jié)構(gòu)相比可大大減少費用、縮短工期。通過修復結(jié)構(gòu)的擬靜力試驗可知,修復結(jié)構(gòu)的峰值承載力分別是未加固結(jié)構(gòu)的2.84倍,預應力加固結(jié)構(gòu)的1.32倍,滿足修復目標的要求。
[Abstract]:In our country, there are a large number of masonry buildings that have not been fortified by seismic fortification or in accordance with old and old codes. In order to avoid the serious damage of these buildings under earthquake action, it is necessary to reinforce them. In recent years, many masonry structures have been severely damaged in Wenchuan and Lushan earthquakes, but they have not collapsed. There is no systematic research on how to repair, how to repair and repair the seismic performance, and there is no systematic study for reference. In this paper, under the framework of performance based seismic engineering, the masonry structure is reinforced and repaired after the earthquake, and its performance is evaluated through a full scale structure test. The main work is as follows: 1. after a old masonry structure is adopted. The tensioned prestress technique is reinforced by earthquake resistance, and the reinforced masonry structure is subjected to bi-directional pseudo static test. The additional prestress level is 20% of the design value of the compressive strength of the masonry structure, which can improve the bearing capacity while avoiding the shear failure. In this paper, the strengthening process of the post tensioned two layer masonry structure model is introduced in detail, and the pseudo static force is proposed. The loading and measuring scheme of the test and the damage degree of the masonry structure are analyzed and evaluated by.2.. The numerical simulation of the masonry structure strengthened by post tensioned prestressing technology is simulated. The finite-element model and macroscopic mechanical model of the reinforced masonry structure are established by using the software of MSC.Marc and OpenSEES. The failure process of the masonry is simulated by the continuous method and the elastoplastic damage model, while the macro mechanical model uses the shear spring to simulate the macroscopic mechanical behavior of the wall slices. Through the analysis of the experimental data of 50 post tensioned masonry walls, the calculation formula for the cracking load of the reinforced wall is regress. The comparison between the hysteresis curve obtained by the mechanical model and the test curve shows that the two modeling methods are in good agreement with the test. It can provide some reference to the pseudo static test of the.3. unreinforced masonry structure for the study of the seismic performance of this structure. The second layers of the prestressed reinforced structure after the pseudo static test structure are lighter and stiffness loss. In order to compare the reinforcement effect, the first layer is fixed with the steel beam, and the value of the prestressed reinforcement is adjusted to the pressure stress of the second layer weight to the first layer, and the second layer structure is loaded to simulate the first layer mechanical properties of the unreinforced structure. By contrast, it can be seen that the prestressed reinforcement can improve the peak load bearing capacity of the structure to the unreinforced. The structure is about two times of the structure, and the energy dissipation capacity of the structure increases a lot of.4. based masonry structure repair research based on performance. After the damage assessment of the damage structure after the test, three factors of the cost, the time period and the post repair capacity are considered, and the construction column and the cement sand are selected according to the repair target. The damage structure is repaired by two methods of reinforcement. Through the quantification of time and cost in the process of repair, it can be found that the repair structure can greatly reduce the cost and shorten the time limit compared with the new structure. By the pseudo static test of the repair structure, the peak value bearing capacity of the repaired structure is 2.84 times as high as that of the unreinforced structure. The stress reinforcement structure is 1.32 times that of the repair target.
【學位授予單位】：中國地震局工程力學研究所
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TU364

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