發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-05-19 13:24

  本文選題：砌體結(jié)構(gòu) + 后張預(yù)應(yīng)力加固　； 參考：《中國(guó)地震局工程力學(xué)研究所》2015年博士論文

【摘要】：我國(guó)現(xiàn)存著大量的未經(jīng)抗震設(shè)防或按老舊規(guī)范抗震設(shè)防的砌體建筑,為了避免這些建筑在地震作用下的嚴(yán)重破壞,需要對(duì)其進(jìn)行加固。近年來(lái)發(fā)生的汶川地震和蘆山地震中,很多砌體結(jié)構(gòu)損傷嚴(yán)重,但尚未倒塌,這些砌體結(jié)構(gòu)是否可以修復(fù),如何修復(fù),修復(fù)后抗震性能有什么變化,目前還沒(méi)有系統(tǒng)的研究可以借鑒。本文在基于性能的地震工程框架下,對(duì)砌體結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行抗震加固與震后修復(fù),并通過(guò)足尺結(jié)構(gòu)試驗(yàn)評(píng)估其性能。本文主要工作如下:1.對(duì)某老舊砌體結(jié)構(gòu)采用后張預(yù)應(yīng)力技術(shù)進(jìn)行抗震加固,并對(duì)加固后砌體結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了雙向擬靜力試驗(yàn)。附加預(yù)應(yīng)力水平采用砌體結(jié)構(gòu)抗壓強(qiáng)度設(shè)計(jì)值的20%,在提高承載力的同時(shí)避免剪壓破壞。本文詳細(xì)介紹了后張預(yù)應(yīng)力加固二層砌體結(jié)構(gòu)模型的加固流程,擬靜力試驗(yàn)的加載和測(cè)量方案,并對(duì)砌體結(jié)構(gòu)的損傷程度進(jìn)行了分析和評(píng)估。2.對(duì)采用后張預(yù)應(yīng)力技術(shù)加固的砌體結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行數(shù)值模擬。分別采用MSC.Marc和OpenSEES軟件建立了加固砌體結(jié)構(gòu)的精細(xì)化有限元模型和宏觀力學(xué)模型。精細(xì)化有限元模型采用連續(xù)化方法和彈塑性損傷模型模擬砌體的破壞過(guò)程;而宏觀力學(xué)模型采用剪切彈簧模擬墻片的宏觀力學(xué)行為,通過(guò)分析50個(gè)后張預(yù)應(yīng)力加固砌體墻片的試驗(yàn)數(shù)據(jù),回歸了加固墻片的開裂荷載計(jì)算公式。通過(guò)精細(xì)化有限元模型和宏觀力學(xué)模型得到的滯回曲線與試驗(yàn)曲線的對(duì)比可知,這兩種建模方法與試驗(yàn)吻合的較好,可以為該種結(jié)構(gòu)的抗震性能研究提供一定的參考。3.未加固砌體結(jié)構(gòu)擬靜力試驗(yàn)。預(yù)應(yīng)力加固結(jié)構(gòu)擬靜力試驗(yàn)后結(jié)構(gòu)的第二層破壞的較輕,剛度損傷較小。為了對(duì)比加固效果,本文將一層用鋼梁固定,而將預(yù)應(yīng)力筋值調(diào)整為結(jié)構(gòu)第二層自重對(duì)第一層的壓應(yīng)力,對(duì)第二層結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行加載,模擬未加固結(jié)構(gòu)的首層力學(xué)性能。通過(guò)對(duì)比可知,預(yù)應(yīng)力加固可使結(jié)構(gòu)的峰值承載力提高至未加固結(jié)構(gòu)的兩倍左右,且結(jié)構(gòu)的耗能能力也大幅度增加。4.基于性能的砌體結(jié)構(gòu)修復(fù)研究。對(duì)上述試驗(yàn)過(guò)后的損傷結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行損傷評(píng)估后,綜合考慮費(fèi)用、工期和修復(fù)后承載力三方面的因素確定修復(fù)目標(biāo),根據(jù)修復(fù)目標(biāo)選擇增設(shè)構(gòu)造柱和水泥砂漿鋼筋網(wǎng)面層兩種加固方法對(duì)損傷結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行修復(fù),通過(guò)修復(fù)過(guò)程中對(duì)工期和費(fèi)用的量化可知修復(fù)結(jié)構(gòu)與新建結(jié)構(gòu)相比可大大減少費(fèi)用、縮短工期。通過(guò)修復(fù)結(jié)構(gòu)的擬靜力試驗(yàn)可知,修復(fù)結(jié)構(gòu)的峰值承載力分別是未加固結(jié)構(gòu)的2.84倍,預(yù)應(yīng)力加固結(jié)構(gòu)的1.32倍,滿足修復(fù)目標(biāo)的要求。
[Abstract]:In our country, there are a large number of masonry buildings that have not been fortified by seismic fortification or in accordance with old and old codes. In order to avoid the serious damage of these buildings under earthquake action, it is necessary to reinforce them. In recent years, many masonry structures have been severely damaged in Wenchuan and Lushan earthquakes, but they have not collapsed. There is no systematic research on how to repair, how to repair and repair the seismic performance, and there is no systematic study for reference. In this paper, under the framework of performance based seismic engineering, the masonry structure is reinforced and repaired after the earthquake, and its performance is evaluated through a full scale structure test. The main work is as follows: 1. after a old masonry structure is adopted. The tensioned prestress technique is reinforced by earthquake resistance, and the reinforced masonry structure is subjected to bi-directional pseudo static test. The additional prestress level is 20% of the design value of the compressive strength of the masonry structure, which can improve the bearing capacity while avoiding the shear failure. In this paper, the strengthening process of the post tensioned two layer masonry structure model is introduced in detail, and the pseudo static force is proposed. The loading and measuring scheme of the test and the damage degree of the masonry structure are analyzed and evaluated by.2.. The numerical simulation of the masonry structure strengthened by post tensioned prestressing technology is simulated. The finite-element model and macroscopic mechanical model of the reinforced masonry structure are established by using the software of MSC.Marc and OpenSEES. The failure process of the masonry is simulated by the continuous method and the elastoplastic damage model, while the macro mechanical model uses the shear spring to simulate the macroscopic mechanical behavior of the wall slices. Through the analysis of the experimental data of 50 post tensioned masonry walls, the calculation formula for the cracking load of the reinforced wall is regress. The comparison between the hysteresis curve obtained by the mechanical model and the test curve shows that the two modeling methods are in good agreement with the test. It can provide some reference to the pseudo static test of the.3. unreinforced masonry structure for the study of the seismic performance of this structure. The second layers of the prestressed reinforced structure after the pseudo static test structure are lighter and stiffness loss. In order to compare the reinforcement effect, the first layer is fixed with the steel beam, and the value of the prestressed reinforcement is adjusted to the pressure stress of the second layer weight to the first layer, and the second layer structure is loaded to simulate the first layer mechanical properties of the unreinforced structure. By contrast, it can be seen that the prestressed reinforcement can improve the peak load bearing capacity of the structure to the unreinforced. The structure is about two times of the structure, and the energy dissipation capacity of the structure increases a lot of.4. based masonry structure repair research based on performance. After the damage assessment of the damage structure after the test, three factors of the cost, the time period and the post repair capacity are considered, and the construction column and the cement sand are selected according to the repair target. The damage structure is repaired by two methods of reinforcement. Through the quantification of time and cost in the process of repair, it can be found that the repair structure can greatly reduce the cost and shorten the time limit compared with the new structure. By the pseudo static test of the repair structure, the peak value bearing capacity of the repaired structure is 2.84 times as high as that of the unreinforced structure. The stress reinforcement structure is 1.32 times that of the repair target.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國(guó)地震局工程力學(xué)研究所
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TU364

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