本文選題：農(nóng)戶　切入點：收入質(zhì)量　出處：《西北農(nóng)林科技大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟增長新常態(tài)局勢下,對農(nóng)村金融改革提出了更高層次要求,仍需要不斷持續(xù)深化改革。最大限度調(diào)動農(nóng)村金融市場各生產(chǎn)要素既能推動改革,又能對農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟繁榮發(fā)展產(chǎn)生深遠影響,同時對農(nóng)民經(jīng)濟收入水平增長提供重要指導作用。然而我國農(nóng)村金融市場發(fā)展體制并不完善,相關金融機構惠農(nóng)支農(nóng)效率普遍低下,農(nóng)戶信貸約束問題較為嚴重,制約農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟更好更快持續(xù)增長。農(nóng)戶收入對機構信貸員授信偏好會產(chǎn)生一定作用,自2004年農(nóng)戶收入實現(xiàn)明顯增收以來,雖然農(nóng)戶收入絕對數(shù)量有所增加,但并不代表農(nóng)戶收入質(zhì)量水平有所提高,農(nóng)戶收入仍存在結構形式單一、短期波動性大、獲取成本高、農(nóng)戶收入質(zhì)量水平低下等問題。農(nóng)戶收入存在的問題直接加劇了農(nóng)戶信貸約束狀況,影響信貸員授信行為,阻礙農(nóng)村金融機構創(chuàng)新金融產(chǎn)品及農(nóng)村經(jīng)濟健康發(fā)展。已有研究在分析農(nóng)戶信貸問題時多關注農(nóng)戶收入絕對數(shù)量,對農(nóng)戶收入穩(wěn)定性、結構性、成本性和知識性未能全面研究�；诖�,本文站在農(nóng)村金融機構信貸員角度,主要以農(nóng)戶收入質(zhì)量為研究視角,探究信貸員授信偏好影響因素,以改進信貸員授信機制,增加農(nóng)戶收入。本文首先從信貸員微觀主體出發(fā),以信貸配給理論、金融排斥理論、信用理論和信息不對稱理論為基礎。對國內(nèi)和國外有關信貸員授信的文獻進行歸納,并對文獻研究結果進行綜述評析,提出本文主要研究創(chuàng)新點,方法上主要采取問卷調(diào)查法進行實地調(diào)研,運用因子分析、文獻分析等方法進行分析總結,按照“提出問題—分析問題—解決問題”的研究思路展開研究。其次,利用743份“信貸員對農(nóng)戶收入質(zhì)量關注度調(diào)查”問卷,對信貸員授信偏好特征和信貸員在授信過程中對農(nóng)戶收入質(zhì)量關注程度進行分析,并采用因子分析法將農(nóng)戶收入質(zhì)量五個維度以及農(nóng)戶特征三個指標進行降維。最后將農(nóng)戶收入質(zhì)量作為基礎,運用多元Logistic模型重點探究信貸員授信偏好受收入質(zhì)量各維度及其他因素的影響作用程度,分析歸納實證結論并提出相關對策建議,提升信貸員服務質(zhì)量,促進農(nóng)戶增收。本文主要研究結論包括:(1)農(nóng)戶收入充足性對信貸員授信偏好農(nóng)戶“發(fā)展養(yǎng)殖業(yè)”、“農(nóng)產(chǎn)品加工/銷售”和“從事個體經(jīng)營”類貸款的影響作用逐步減弱;收入穩(wěn)定性對信貸員授信偏好“從事個體經(jīng)營”類貸款顯著增強;(2)與普通農(nóng)戶比較,創(chuàng)業(yè)農(nóng)戶具有更多優(yōu)勢,信貸員更偏好提供貸款給這類農(nóng)戶,農(nóng)戶類型對信貸員授信影響作用顯著,同時農(nóng)戶社會資本狀況對信貸員授信偏好也具有一定影響;(3)農(nóng)村金融機構信貸政策實行缺乏有效監(jiān)督,實施效果有限;(4)信貸員在不同農(nóng)村金融機構工作則對農(nóng)戶進行授信時會出現(xiàn)不同授信偏好特征;(5)農(nóng)村金融機構面向農(nóng)戶貸款通常設置過多限制條件,貸款政策過嚴,同時缺少適應農(nóng)戶自身特征的金融產(chǎn)品和服務,對相關涉農(nóng)產(chǎn)品存在政策宣傳不到位等問題。針對研究結論,提出相關對策建議:完善信貸員授信機制;營造農(nóng)村良好信用環(huán)境;創(chuàng)新金融機構信貸產(chǎn)品;加強農(nóng)村金融知識普及宣傳;強化政府金融監(jiān)管力度。
[Abstract]:The rural economic growth in the new normal situation, put forward higher requirements on the rural financial reform, still need to continue to deepen the reform of the rural financial market. To maximize the mobilization of all production factors which can promote the reform, but also can have a profound impact on rural economic prosperity and development, at the same time the farmers income growth provides an important guiding role. However, the development of China's rural financial market system is not perfect, the relevant financial institutions on the agriculture efficiency is low, the credit constraint is more serious, restricting the rural economy better faster growth. The farmers income will have a certain effect on the mechanism of Xindaiyun credit preference, since the 2004 household income to achieve a significantly increase, although the absolute number of farmers' income has to increase farmers' income, but does not mean that the quality has increased the level of farmers' income structure still exists in single form, short-term fluctuations Get large, high cost, low income level of farmers quality. Farmers income problems directly exacerbated the farmers' credit constraint condition, influence of Xindaiyun lending behavior hinder rural financial institutions to innovative financial products and the healthy development of the rural economy. Previous studies have focused on the farmers' income in the absolute number of farmers' credit problems, structural on Farmers' income stability, cost, and knowledge to comprehensive study. Based on this, the station of credit in rural financial institutions' perspective, mainly by farmers income quality as the research perspective, research on the factors affecting the credit staff credit preference, to improve credit credit mechanism, increasing farmers' income. This paper from the main micro credit officer according to the theory of credit rationing, the financial exclusion theory, credit theory and information asymmetry theory. Based on domestic and foreign relevant literature into the credit loan officer For induction, and the research literature on the results of the assessment, put forward the main innovation points, main methods adopted questionnaire investigation, using factor analysis, literature analysis and other methods are analyzed and summarized, according to the research methods of "putting forward the problem, analysis of problem solving" problems are studied. Secondly, the use of 743 a loan officer on Farmers' income quality attention survey of loan officers, credit preference and credit in the credit process on Farmers' income quality concerns are analyzed, and by using the factor analysis method to the quality of farmers' income in five dimensions and three indicators of household characteristics for dimensionality reduction. Finally the quality of farmers' income as based on multivariate Logistic model focuses on the credit loan officer is effected by the degree of income quality dimensions and other factors, empirical analysis. The theory and puts forward countermeasures and suggestions to improve the quality of credit services, the promotion of farmers' income. The main conclusions of this paper include: (1) farmers' income adequacy of loan officers Credit Preference farmers "development of aquaculture", "agricultural products processing / sales" and "effect of self-employed" loan income stability gradually decreased; the loan officer Credit Preference "self-employed" loans increased significantly; (2) compared with that of ordinary farmers, entrepreneurial farmers have more advantages, Xindaiyun prefer to provide loans to the farmers, farmers on credit member credit significantly, while social capital status of farmers on the credit loan officer also has a certain preference effect; (3) the rural financial institutions to implement the policy lack of effective supervision, the implementation effect is limited; (4) the credit staff in different financial institutions in rural credit to farmers is occurs Different credit preference; (5) rural financial institutions for loans to farmers usually set too many restrictions, loan policy is too strict, and lack of adaptation to the farmer's own characteristics of financial products and services for agricultural products are policy advocacy is not in place. According to the research conclusion, put forward relevant countermeasures and suggestions: perfecting the credit loan officer mechanism; create a good credit environment in rural credit product innovation; financial institutions; strengthen rural financial literacy advocacy; strengthen the supervision of government finance.

【學位授予單位】：西北農(nóng)林科技大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F832.4;F302.6

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