本文關鍵詞： 亞投行 中國 原因 影響 挑戰(zhàn)　出處：《北京外國語大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：由中國首先倡議并發(fā)起設立的亞洲基礎設施投資銀行(以下簡稱為"亞投行")自成立之日起,便迅速在全球范圍內(nèi)刮起一股"亞投行熱",不僅吸引了亞洲諸多國家紛紛加入,就連西方發(fā)達國家也接連響應。目前,創(chuàng)始成員國數(shù)量已經(jīng)達到57個,涵括五大洲幾乎所有主要國家。中國引導設立亞投行既有亞洲國家,尤其是亞洲新興經(jīng)濟體經(jīng)濟發(fā)展亟需資金支持的原因,也有來自中國自身發(fā)展的需求。作為當今全球排名第二的經(jīng)濟體,中國正處于新的經(jīng)濟發(fā)展階段,國民經(jīng)濟發(fā)展方式需要轉型升級,過剩產(chǎn)能需要尋求出口,龐大的外匯儲備也在搜尋更具回報和安全的投資渠道。考慮到這一背景,亞投行的設立可以說既能滿足中國自身的利益需求,也符合亞洲區(qū)域經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的需要,同時也是中國承擔自身大國責任的表現(xiàn)。當然,亞投行作為新設國際金融機構,其對現(xiàn)行金融機構及其主導下的世界金融體系也帶來了挑戰(zhàn),尤其是對于美國的金融霸權形成了一定沖擊。未來亞投行在業(yè)務運行中,會不斷與其它金融機構展開合作或競爭,這個過程既是亞投行壯大自身實力的過程,也是亞投行加強自身話語權,推動現(xiàn)行世界金融體系變革的必然進程。可以預見,亞投行在世界經(jīng)濟發(fā)展中將愈發(fā)凸顯其作用和影響力。盡管亞投行才成立不久,但是鑒于其影響力如此之大,國內(nèi)學者對于相關主題的研究還是非常熱情。研究角度涵括世界治理、人民幣國際化、地緣政治、大國博弈等方方面面。國外學者也積極進行了相關研究,角度主要有各利益相關方對于亞投行成立的態(tài)度、亞投行投票權分配、亞投行是否會降低標準、對現(xiàn)有世界金融秩序沖擊等方面。然而,同時多角度分析亞投行成立原因和影響的綜合性成果還比較少。本文從多個角度對亞投行成立的原因和影響經(jīng)行分析,旨在涵括亞投行成立的政治原因、經(jīng)濟原因及其政治影響、經(jīng)濟影響,同時探討其未來可能遭遇的挑戰(zhàn),并嘗試提出可行對策與建議。文章第一部分詳述了國內(nèi)及國外學者在亞投行成立方面的研究成果及視角,介紹了本文的重點研究內(nèi)容和研究方法。文章第二部分簡要闡述了國內(nèi)學者對與亞投行成立前后的相關研究成果,介紹了本文重點的研究問題。文章第三部分主要介紹亞投行的基本概況,包括創(chuàng)立進程、管理機制、成員國等,重點說明了其創(chuàng)設符合各方利益訴求,有利于世界經(jīng)濟發(fā)展,并且在管理機制上與時俱進。文章第四部分主要分析了亞投行成立的原因,包括出于中國自身發(fā)展的原因、亞洲地區(qū)新興經(jīng)濟體的客觀需求以及世界經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的要求等方面。文章第五部分則主要說明亞投行將來可能產(chǎn)生的影響。包括對中國自身的影響和對世界其它區(qū)域經(jīng)濟的影響,并簡述了對現(xiàn)有金融體系的影響。文章第六部分主要論述亞投行未來可能遭遇的挑戰(zhàn),并提出相關建議。其中,對于亞投行可能遇到的挑戰(zhàn),文章分析涵括政治上的挑戰(zhàn)和經(jīng)濟上的挑戰(zhàn)以及來自傳統(tǒng)經(jīng)濟霸權國家的挑戰(zhàn),在建議方面則側重亞投行自身能力的提高。包括在防范投資風險上面,審慎評估項目、協(xié)助落后國家完善自身金融體系。同時,在項目開展過程中,積極與其它國際開發(fā)金融組織或機構交流合作。為亞投行業(yè)務能夠順利,發(fā)揮建立之時的初衷,中國及各創(chuàng)始會員國應當重視指定亞投行治理相關的各項規(guī)定和業(yè)務開展方面的各項規(guī)則,促進亞投行管理水平緊跟國際水準和與時俱進,通過指定科學合理的項目準入規(guī)則和風險應對規(guī)章,有效應對未來開展業(yè)務可能遭遇的風險,從而長期平穩(wěn)地推動亞洲基礎設施發(fā)展,擴大亞投行影響力。
[Abstract]:The first China initiative and initiated the establishment of the Asian infrastructure investment bank (hereinafter referred to as the "Asian investment bank") since its inception, has rapidly across the globe along a "Asian investment bank", not only attracted many of the Asian countries have joined, even in western developed countries is also a series of response. At present, the number of founding members has reached 57, covering almost all the major countries of five continents. Chinese to guide the establishment of Asian investment bank both Asian countries, especially Asian emerging economies need funds to support economic development, but also from the Chinese needs of their own development. As economies today ranked second in the world, is in a new Chinese the stage of economic development, the development of the national economy need to upgrade, the excess capacity to seek export, huge foreign exchange reserves also in search of more returns and safety investment channels. Considering this background, The establishment of Asian investment bank can be said that not only can meet the Chinese needs of their own interests, also meet the needs of economic development in Asia, but also bear the responsibility for the performance of their own country China. Of course, the Asian investment bank as the new international financial institutions, the current financial institutions and under the auspices of the world financial system also brings challenges, especially for the American financial hegemony formed a certain impact. The future of Asian investment bank in the operation, and other financial institutions will continue to expand cooperation or competition, this process is a process of Asian investment bank to grow their own strength, also is the Asian investment bank to strengthen their own right to speak, must push forward the process of reform of the current world financial system. Predictably, the Asian investment bank the increasingly prominent role and influence in the world economic development. Although the Asian investment bank will just set up soon, but in view of its influence is so large, domestic scholars for the The theme of the study is still very warm. The research angle includes world governance, RMB internationalization, geopolitics, gaming and other aspects. Foreign scholars have actively carried out related research, mainly in view of the various stakeholders to set up investment bank attitude, the voting rights of Asian investment bank allocation, investment bank will reduce the standard. The current world financial order impact. However, at the same time, multi angle comprehensive analysis results of the causes and effects of the Asian investment bank was also less. In this paper, the causes and effects of the establishment of Asian investment bank from the perspective of the analysis, aimed at political reasons include the establishment of Asian investment bank, economic reasons and the political influence, economic impact at the same time, to explore the challenges that may be encountered in the future, and try to put forward feasible countermeasures and suggestions. The first part of the article describes the domestic and foreign scholars research achievements in the establishment of Asian investment bank And the angle of view, introduces the key research contents and research methods. The second part briefly expounds the domestic scholars and relevant research results before and after the establishment of Asian investment bank, this paper introduces the research problem. The third part mainly introduces the basic situation of the investment bank, including the creation process, management mechanism, and other key members. Explains the creation of conforms to the interests of all parties, is conducive to the development of the world economy, and advancing with the times in the management mechanism. The fourth part mainly analyzes the reasons of the establishment of Asian investment bank, including Chinese for reasons for their own development, emerging economies in the region of the objective demand and requirement of world economic development. The fifth part of the article explain the effect of the Asian investment bank may have in the future. Including the influence of Chinese itself and its impact on the economy of other regions of the world, and summarizes the With the impact of the financial system. The sixth part mainly discusses the investment bank that may be encountered in the future challenges, and puts forward relevant suggestions. Among them, the investment bank may encounter challenges, including political challenges and economic challenges of and challenges from the traditional economic hegemony country, focuses on their ability in the Asian investment bank suggestions to improve. Including in the prevention of investment risk, prudent assessment projects, assist the backward countries to improve its financial system. At the same time, in the process of carrying out the project, and actively with other international financial organizations or institutions for exchange and cooperation. Asia investment banking can be successfully established, play the original intention, and the founding member of Chinese should pay attention to the provisions of the relevant designated Asian investment bank governance and carry out the business rules, promote the management level of investment bank with international standards and keep pace with the times, through the Scientific and reasonable project entry rules and risk response rules should be specified, so as to effectively cope with the risks that may happen in the future, so as to promote the development of infrastructure in Asia and expand the influence of Asian investment banks in a long-term and stable manner.

【學位授予單位】：北京外國語大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：F831.2

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