發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-01-17 16:02

  本文關(guān)鍵詞：華夏銀行長(zhǎng)春分行小微企業(yè)授信風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理研究　出處：《吉林大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 小微企業(yè)授信 授信風(fēng)險(xiǎn) 風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管控 授信后管理 管理提升

【摘要】：作為國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的有力推動(dòng)器,廣泛分布于各行各業(yè)的小微企業(yè),已成為國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)的重要組成部分,在創(chuàng)造巨大社會(huì)價(jià)值的同時(shí)也切實(shí)拉動(dòng)就業(yè)提升經(jīng)濟(jì)活力,然而小微企業(yè)卻長(zhǎng)期被融資難題困擾。伴隨經(jīng)濟(jì)下行趨勢(shì)日漸明顯,吉林省乃至東北經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展?fàn)顩r在全國(guó)范圍內(nèi)屈居末流,四大行以及各股份制商業(yè)銀行面對(duì)存量小微企業(yè)日益高啟的逾欠率及不良率,面對(duì)發(fā)展指標(biāo)和風(fēng)控指標(biāo)的雙重壓力,在小微企業(yè)授信方面已逐步調(diào)整工作思路。吉林地區(qū)同業(yè)調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)顯示,2016年開(kāi)始包括中行、建行、民生、中信、興業(yè)銀行已經(jīng)停止了對(duì)小微企業(yè)授信的準(zhǔn)入或變相提高了小微企業(yè)的準(zhǔn)入標(biāo)準(zhǔn),對(duì)于存量業(yè)務(wù),一律采取能夠退出就退出的政策;而工行、交行、華夏、吉林銀行、九臺(tái)農(nóng)商行雖然仍然堅(jiān)持對(duì)優(yōu)質(zhì)小微企業(yè)給予授信支持,但授信準(zhǔn)入門(mén)檻明顯提高。在這樣的大環(huán)境下,如何對(duì)小微企業(yè)信貸風(fēng)險(xiǎn)進(jìn)行科學(xué)、有效的管理,如何在保證助力小微企業(yè)發(fā)展的同時(shí)保證分行小微企業(yè)授信業(yè)務(wù)的健康可持續(xù)發(fā)展,完成總行下達(dá)的各項(xiàng)指標(biāo),成為華夏銀行長(zhǎng)春分行小微企業(yè)金融部也就是筆者所在部門(mén)的當(dāng)務(wù)之急。本文通過(guò)對(duì)華夏銀行長(zhǎng)春分行小微企業(yè)授信業(yè)務(wù)見(jiàn)狀及風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理架構(gòu)進(jìn)行分析,結(jié)合小微企業(yè)授信業(yè)務(wù)風(fēng)控特點(diǎn)和授信產(chǎn)品特點(diǎn),對(duì)比分行整體風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管控系統(tǒng)運(yùn)行模式,對(duì)華夏銀行長(zhǎng)春分行小微企業(yè)授信業(yè)務(wù)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理實(shí)踐進(jìn)行調(diào)研分析,分析認(rèn)為,目前華夏銀行長(zhǎng)春分行逾欠以及不良率在一年時(shí)間集中爆發(fā)的原因主要包括五個(gè)方面:一是批量授信準(zhǔn)入過(guò)于盲目,貿(mào)易背景真實(shí)性核查不嚴(yán),二是過(guò)分注重?fù)?dān)保,忽略對(duì)第一還款來(lái)源的把控,三是貸后管理重形式而輕實(shí)質(zhì),四是逾欠貸款及不良資產(chǎn)清收處置力度不足,五是小微企業(yè)貸款的系統(tǒng)性風(fēng)險(xiǎn)突出。為了優(yōu)化華夏銀行長(zhǎng)春分行小微企業(yè)授信管理整體水平,本文運(yùn)用“小企業(yè)零售及非零售評(píng)級(jí)分析法”、“一般及特別風(fēng)險(xiǎn)預(yù)警信號(hào)體系建設(shè)”等授信風(fēng)險(xiǎn)理論,并對(duì)華夏銀行長(zhǎng)春分行小企業(yè)條線授信工作風(fēng)控流程涉及客戶經(jīng)理、客戶經(jīng)理主管、專職審批人、貸后管理崗以及風(fēng)險(xiǎn)總監(jiān)在內(nèi)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理人員進(jìn)行了面談,結(jié)合筆者自身從事多年小微企業(yè)授信審批工作的工作經(jīng)驗(yàn),得到以下結(jié)論:一是為了確保批量開(kāi)發(fā)業(yè)務(wù)的穩(wěn)步健康發(fā)展,分行需進(jìn)一步強(qiáng)化平臺(tái)客戶全流程管理,二是為提高小微企業(yè)存量業(yè)務(wù)信貸資產(chǎn)質(zhì)量;分行需進(jìn)一步強(qiáng)化單一客戶授信管理;三是為實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)預(yù)警信號(hào)的早期識(shí)別,防范信用風(fēng)險(xiǎn),分行需進(jìn)一步提高對(duì)小微企業(yè)的授信后管理能力,具體包括建立完善的資產(chǎn)質(zhì)量檢測(cè)制度,并及時(shí)對(duì)問(wèn)題貸款采取有效的保全措施以及豐富授信后管理的手段;四是探索多樣化的逾欠貸款清收化解手段;五是建立授信客戶分級(jí)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理體系,提高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管控能力。
[Abstract]:As a powerful driving force in the development of the national economy, small and micro enterprises, which are widely distributed in various industries, have become an important part of the national economy. While creating huge social value and promoting employment to enhance economic vitality, small and micro enterprises have long been troubled by the financing problem, along with the economic downward trend is becoming increasingly obvious. Jilin Province and even the northeast of China's economic development status in the country, the four banks and the stock system of commercial banks in the face of the stock of small and micro enterprises increasingly high rate of excess and bad. In the face of the double pressure of development indicators and wind control indicators, in the small and micro enterprise credit has gradually adjusted the way of thinking. Jilin region interbank survey data show that in 2016, including Bank of China, Construction Bank, people's livelihood, Citic. Societe Generale Bank has stopped granting credit to small and micro enterprises or disguised to improve the access standards of small and micro enterprises, for the stock business, all can withdraw from the policy of exit; And ICBC, Bank of Communications, Huaxia, Jilin Bank, Nine Taiwan Agricultural and Commercial Bank, although still adhere to the quality of small and micro enterprises to give credit support, but credit entry threshold significantly increased. In such a large environment. How to carry on the scientific and effective management to the credit risk of the small and micro enterprises and how to ensure the healthy and sustainable development of the credit business of the branch small and micro enterprises while helping the development of the small and micro enterprises. Complete the target issued by the head office. To become the financial department of small and micro enterprises of Changchun branch of Huaxia Bank is the urgent matter of my department. This paper analyzes the letter of credit business and risk management framework of Changchun branch of Huaxia Bank. Combined with the risk control characteristics of small and micro enterprises credit business and the characteristics of credit products, compared with the operation mode of the whole risk control system of branch, the risk management practice of small and micro enterprises in Changchun branch of Huaxia Bank is investigated and analyzed. It is believed that the reasons for the shortage of Changchun branch of Huaxia Bank and the failure rate in one year mainly include five aspects: first, the bulk credit access is too blind, and the authenticity of the trade background is not strictly verified. The second is to pay too much attention to the guarantee, ignoring the control of the first source of repayment, the third is that the management after the loan is more important than the essence, and the fourth is that the disposal of the outstanding loans and non-performing assets is not enough. In order to optimize the overall level of credit management of small and micro enterprises in Changchun Branch of Huaxia Bank, this paper uses the "small Business Retail and Non-Retail rating Analysis method". "General and special risk early warning signal system construction" and other credit risk theory, and the risk control process of small enterprises in Changchun branch of Huaxia Bank involves account managers, account managers, full-time approvers. After the loan management post and risk management staff including the director of risk were interviewed, combined with the author engaged in many years of small and micro enterprise credit approval work experience. The conclusions are as follows: first, in order to ensure the steady and healthy development of batch development business, branches need to further strengthen the platform customer full process management, the second is to improve the quality of credit assets of small and micro enterprises stock business; Branches need to further strengthen the single customer credit management; Third, in order to realize the early identification of risk warning signal and prevent credit risk, branches need to further improve the ability of post-credit management of small and micro enterprises, including the establishment of a perfect asset quality testing system. And timely take effective preservation measures to the problem loan and enrich the means of post-credit management; Fourth, to explore the diversification of the settlement of outstanding loans; Fifth, establish a credit-granting customer rating risk management system to improve risk management ability.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：F832.4;F276.3;F275

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