【摘要】：路橋行業(yè)是我國基礎(chǔ)性及支柱性行業(yè),其建設(shè)與發(fā)展對于我國各行各業(yè)都有深刻影響,國家、政府及企業(yè)對路橋行業(yè)投入了大量資本和勞動力資源,隨著收費公路政策管理體制的不斷完善,路橋行業(yè)在經(jīng)濟(jì)生活中的地位也不斷突顯。來自交通部的數(shù)據(jù)顯示,我國省際路橋業(yè)連年虧損,然而來自上市路橋公司的數(shù)據(jù)顯示當(dāng)前將近70%的路橋企業(yè)實現(xiàn)同期增長�；诼窐蛐袠I(yè)虧損和上市路橋企業(yè)盈利的社會矛盾,路橋業(yè)引發(fā)了較大的社會關(guān)注,但無論在理論上還是實踐上,路橋業(yè)都沒有在學(xué)術(shù)領(lǐng)域引起同等程度的重視。當(dāng)前對于路橋業(yè)的研究僅局限于以部分上市路橋企業(yè)為樣本,使用傳統(tǒng)的單階段DEA模型對生產(chǎn)效率進(jìn)行評估,其評測結(jié)果往往容易受到環(huán)境變量影響且會因為樣本數(shù)據(jù)不全導(dǎo)致效率評估不夠準(zhǔn)確。為此,本研究就路橋業(yè)生產(chǎn)效率的研究方法進(jìn)行了改進(jìn)并就研究樣本進(jìn)行了完善,實現(xiàn)全樣本覆蓋。本研究基于我國省際路橋行業(yè)和路橋企業(yè)現(xiàn)階段生產(chǎn)效率進(jìn)行研究,探討了影響生產(chǎn)效率的主要因素,并使用超效率DEA三階段方法對我國2014年29個省市路橋行業(yè)及2007-2014年我國16家上市路橋企業(yè)的生產(chǎn)效率分別進(jìn)行研究,同時使用SFA效率前沿方法對影響生產(chǎn)效率的環(huán)境變量進(jìn)行研究分析。本文的研究結(jié)果顯示：1.無論是省際路橋行業(yè)還是上市路橋企業(yè)的生產(chǎn)效率都總體偏低,且各省市各企業(yè)間差距明顯；2.環(huán)境和隨機(jī)誤差因素對生產(chǎn)效率具有顯著影響：3.影響省際路橋行業(yè)生產(chǎn)效率測評的主要環(huán)境變量為產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)和所處地域；影響上市路橋企業(yè)生產(chǎn)效率評估的主要環(huán)境變量為當(dāng)?shù)亟?jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展水平、當(dāng)?shù)剀囕v擁有量、企業(yè)負(fù)債程度等；4.影響我國省際路橋行業(yè)生產(chǎn)效率的主要因素是規(guī)模無效率；影響我國上市路橋企業(yè)生產(chǎn)效率的主要因素是管理和技術(shù)無效率。本研究的貢獻(xiàn)在于：創(chuàng)新性的使用超效率DEA三階段方法對我國路橋業(yè)生產(chǎn)效率進(jìn)行測評,在剔除了環(huán)境因素和隨機(jī)誤差對生產(chǎn)效率值的影響同時將同處于效率前沿面的決策單元進(jìn)一步區(qū)分；從行業(yè)和企業(yè)兩個角度入手,對我國路橋業(yè)生產(chǎn)效率進(jìn)行全面測度和分析,實現(xiàn)全樣本覆蓋；提出了一些前人未曾使用過的指標(biāo),并證實了其有效性；得出了一些有價值的結(jié)論和建議,如提高主營業(yè)務(wù)收入,加強(qiáng)多元化運營；加強(qiáng)成本控制；優(yōu)化公司治理結(jié)構(gòu)等。
[Abstract]:The road and bridge industry is the basic and pillar industry in our country. Its construction and development have a profound impact on all kinds of industries in our country. The state, government and enterprises have invested a lot of capital and labor resources in the road and bridge industry. With the continuous improvement of toll road policy management system, the status of road and bridge industry in economic life is constantly prominent. Data from the Ministry of Communications show that China's interprovincial road and bridge industry has lost money in successive years, but data from listed road and bridge companies show that nearly 70 percent of road and bridge enterprises are growing in the same period. Based on the social contradiction between the loss of the road and bridge industry and the profit of listed road and bridge enterprises, the road and bridge industry has aroused great social concern, but neither in theory nor in practice has the road and bridge industry aroused the same degree of attention in the academic field. The current research on the road and bridge industry is limited to some listed road and bridge enterprises as a sample, using the traditional single-stage DEA model to evaluate the production efficiency. The evaluation results are easily influenced by environmental variables and the efficiency evaluation is not accurate because of incomplete sample data. Therefore, the research method of production efficiency of road and bridge industry has been improved and the research sample has been improved to achieve full sample coverage. This study is based on the study of the current production efficiency of the provincial road bridge industry and the road bridge enterprises, and discusses the main factors that affect the production efficiency. The production efficiency of the road and bridge industries in 29 provinces and cities in 2014 and 16 listed road and bridge enterprises in China from 2007 to 2014 were studied by using the super-efficiency DEA three-stage method. At the same time, SFA efficiency frontier method is used to study and analyze the environmental variables that affect production efficiency. The results of this paper show that: 1. The production efficiency of both provincial road bridge industry and listed road bridge enterprises is on the low side, and the gap between different provinces and cities is obvious. Environmental and random error factors have a significant effect on production efficiency: 3. The main environmental variables affecting the evaluation of the production efficiency of the provincial road and bridge industry are the industrial structure and the region in which the industrial structure is affected, and the main environmental variable affecting the evaluation of the production efficiency of the listed road and bridge enterprises is the level of local economic development and the quantity of local vehicles. The degree of debt of enterprises is 4. 4%. The main factor affecting the production efficiency of interprovincial road bridge industry is scale inefficiency, and the management and technology inefficiency are the main factors affecting the production efficiency of listed road and bridge enterprises in our country. The contribution of this study lies in the innovative use of super-efficiency DEA three-stage method to evaluate the production efficiency of road and bridge industry in China. After eliminating the influence of environmental factors and random errors on the production efficiency value, the paper further distinguishes it from the decision making unit at the front of efficiency, and measures and analyzes the production efficiency of road and bridge industry in China from the two angles of industry and enterprise. To achieve full sample coverage, put forward some indicators that have not been used before, and verify its effectiveness, draw some valuable conclusions and suggestions, such as increasing the main business income, strengthening diversified operation, strengthening cost control; Optimize corporate governance structure and so on.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江工商大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：F224;F426.92

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本文編號：2249375