本文關鍵詞：城區(qū)經(jīng)濟發(fā)展與景觀格局變化的動態(tài)模型研究　出處：《中國地質(zhì)大學(北京)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

  更多相關文章： 城市化 景觀格局分析 景觀指數(shù) 城市模型 元胞自動機

【摘要】：城市生態(tài)系統(tǒng)是地球各大生態(tài)系統(tǒng)中最特別的景觀。相對于森林生態(tài)系統(tǒng)等自然生態(tài)系統(tǒng),城市生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的生態(tài)結構非常簡單,通常以城市用地為優(yōu)勢景觀,并且在很大程度上受到人類活動的影響。經(jīng)濟發(fā)展、技術發(fā)展、社會發(fā)展對城市土地轉(zhuǎn)換即城市化有著至關重要的影響,反過來,城市化也深刻地改變著城市生態(tài)系統(tǒng)的結構,功能及動態(tài)。如今,人類所面臨的很多生態(tài)問題、環(huán)境問題都與城市化的關系非常緊密,生態(tài)環(huán)境的狀況好壞可以充分反映城市土地利用的合理性。量化景觀格局以及其動態(tài)變化是對于城市化的生態(tài)后果進行監(jiān)測和評估必不可少的部分。在眾多城市模型中,元胞自動機是一種被廣泛使用的動態(tài)模型,利用這個模型,可以很好的對城市土地變化進行模擬與預測。本文選擇城市化發(fā)展迅速的北京市海淀區(qū)和朝陽區(qū)作為研究區(qū)域,研究的時間幅度為1984年到2009年共25年,時間間隔為5年,利用RS和GIS軟件對遙感影像進行解譯,獲取土地利用分類圖,并根據(jù)景觀生態(tài)學中的有關理論,使用景觀格局指數(shù)方法,運用FRAGSTATS軟件對分類結果進行景觀指數(shù)計算,對研究區(qū)景觀格局變化的變化進行歷史性回顧分析,并對城市景觀規(guī)劃提出基于景觀格局的建議。結果表明:一般而言,隨著城市化的發(fā)展景觀應該逐漸破碎化,但對于研究區(qū)而言,景觀指數(shù)的表現(xiàn)卻恰恰相反,各種指標都表明隨著人工建筑面積的增加,裸土的減少,景觀破碎度減小,景觀結構復雜程度減小,景觀多樣性減小。人類活動的干擾強大是城市景觀與自然景觀最大的不同,但也正是因為有人的管理,我們可以做到在了解景觀格局的基礎上對城市景觀進行優(yōu)化。此外,為了動態(tài)模擬城市化發(fā)展,本研究采用基于邏輯回歸的元胞自動機理論來實現(xiàn)城市土地利用變化動態(tài)模擬。在Arc GIS軟件支持下,獲取一系列城市發(fā)展的自然及經(jīng)濟社會約束條件。將1984年和1994年的分類結果作為訓練集使用邏輯回歸來生成元胞自動機狀態(tài)轉(zhuǎn)換規(guī)則,最后將其運用到1994年分類結果得到2004年土地利用模擬圖,并與2004年遙感影像分類結果圖進行對比,驗證模型精度為海淀區(qū)70.02%,朝陽區(qū)64.94%。研究成果具有重要意義,并能為其以后的發(fā)展做出預測和提出建議。
[Abstract]:City ecosystem is the special landscape of the ecological system of the earth. With respect to the forest ecological system and natural ecological system, ecological structure of city ecological system is very simple, usually in the city land is the dominant landscape, and largely influenced by human activities. The influence of the development of technology, economic development, social development of the city the city of land conversion has important influence, in turn, the city also changed the structure of city ecological system, function and dynamic. Nowadays, many ecological problems facing mankind, environment and city relations asked questions are very close, the ecological environment situation can fully reflect the rationality of city land use the quantification of landscape pattern and its dynamic change is an essential part for the monitoring and assessment of ecological consequences of the city. In many city cellular model. Automaton is a kind of dynamic model is widely used, using this model, can be very good on the city land use change simulation and prediction. The rapid development of Beijing city and Haidian District city of Chaoyang District as the study area, study the time range from 1984 to 2009 a total of 25 years, the time interval is 5 years, for remote sensing image interpretation using RS and GIS software, the acquisition of land use classification map, and according to the relevant theories of landscape ecology, using landscape pattern index method, using FRAGSTATS software landscape index for the classification results, changes of landscape pattern change in the study area were retrospectively analyzed and the history of city landscape planning of landscape pattern based on the advice. The results showed that: in general, with the development of city landscape should be gradually fragmented, but for the study area, landscape index's performance is just On the contrary, various indicators show that with the increase of artificial construction area, reducing bare soil, landscape fragmentation decreased, landscape complexity decreases, landscape diversity decreased. The disturbance of human activity is strong in different city landscape and the natural landscape of the largest, but it is also because the management of people, we can do it in based on the understanding of the landscape pattern of city landscape optimization. In addition, in order to dynamic simulation of city development, this research is based on cellular automaton theory for binary logistic regression to realize city dynamic simulation of land use changes in the Arc. Under the support of GIS software, obtaining a series of city development and the natural economic and social constraints. The classification results will be in 1984 and 1994 as the training set using logistic regression to generate cellular automaton state transition rules, and finally apply it to the classification results obtained land in 2004 1994 With the simulation map, and compared with the 2004 remote sensing image classification results, to verify the accuracy of the model for Haidian District 70.02%, Chaoyang District has an important significance of 64.94%. research, and for its future development and make predictions and recommendations.

【學位授予單位】：中國地質(zhì)大學(北京)
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：F299.23;P901

【參考文獻】

相關期刊論文 前4條

1 劉艷霞;;基于“3S”技術的大慶市鹽漬化動態(tài)監(jiān)測及治理措施[J];黑龍江農(nóng)業(yè)科學;2011年05期

2 徐愛林;耿直;潘琛;;淺談決策樹分類法及其應用[J];黑龍江科技信息;2008年33期

3 夏兵;牛樹奎;;基于遙感的北京地區(qū)景觀格局演變研究[J];江西林業(yè)科技;2006年01期

4 簡興;張振國;邱銀國;張偉;;基于MODIS數(shù)據(jù)的水體提取研究進展[J];廊坊師范學院學報(自然科學版);2014年01期

相關博士學位論文 前2條

1 胡文英;元陽哈尼梯田景觀格局及其穩(wěn)定性研究[D];昆明理工大學;2009年

2 李萍;基于GIS的防震減災信息系統(tǒng)的功能擴展與升級[D];哈爾濱工業(yè)大學;2009年

，

本文編號：1394980