本文選題：完善 + 我國(guó)��； 參考：《福州大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：在當(dāng)前迅速發(fā)展的經(jīng)濟(jì)條件下,世界各國(guó)普遍推行的市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)不僅僅是契約經(jīng)濟(jì)、法制經(jīng)濟(jì),更是信用經(jīng)濟(jì)。在社會(huì)信用體系當(dāng)中,個(gè)人信用就猶如地基一樣,它支撐著整個(gè)社會(huì)信用體系這座大廈,然而個(gè)人信用的嚴(yán)重缺失影響了我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展,我國(guó)個(gè)人信用制度建設(shè)的必要性已充分顯示出來(lái)。加強(qiáng)個(gè)人信用制度建設(shè)的研究有很強(qiáng)的理論意義和實(shí)際意義。個(gè)人信用可以說(shuō)是個(gè)人道德在經(jīng)濟(jì)領(lǐng)域的延伸和表現(xiàn)形式。個(gè)人信用制度是市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展到一定程度的產(chǎn)物,也是市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)走向成熟的必然要求,然而立足當(dāng)前,我國(guó)的信用缺失現(xiàn)象卻依然嚴(yán)重,個(gè)人信用制度的建設(shè)和完善對(duì)于當(dāng)前我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展意義非凡。西方發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家個(gè)人信用制度發(fā)展至今已有100多年,全球范圍來(lái)看,主要存在三種信用制度模式,其中政府主導(dǎo)模式以法國(guó)、德國(guó)等歐洲國(guó)家為代表,市場(chǎng)化模式以美國(guó)為典型代表,會(huì)員制模式的代表國(guó)家是日本。雖然上述三種模式在信用中介機(jī)構(gòu)的性質(zhì)等方面存在很大的差別,但仍可以作為我國(guó)個(gè)人信用制度建設(shè)的借鑒。近年來(lái),隨著我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)的持續(xù)快速發(fā)展,個(gè)人消費(fèi)信貸資產(chǎn)增長(zhǎng)很快,也推動(dòng)了個(gè)人信用制度的發(fā)展。在2006年1月,由中國(guó)人民銀行牽頭建立的個(gè)人征信系統(tǒng)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)正式運(yùn)行,這個(gè)基礎(chǔ)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)連接了全國(guó)所有銀行類金融機(jī)構(gòu),為每一個(gè)有經(jīng)濟(jì)活動(dòng)的企業(yè)和個(gè)人建立了統(tǒng)一的信用檔案。目前,這一數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)已收錄1800多萬(wàn)戶企業(yè)、8億多個(gè)人的有關(guān)信息。隨著數(shù)據(jù)采集以及個(gè)人信用報(bào)告使用范圍的逐步擴(kuò)大,個(gè)人征信系統(tǒng)的功能將會(huì)不斷增強(qiáng),在日常的應(yīng)用面將會(huì)更廣。不可否認(rèn),隨著我國(guó)市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展和社會(huì)信用體系建設(shè)的不斷推進(jìn),個(gè)人信用制度建設(shè)作為我國(guó)社會(huì)信用體系建設(shè)的重要組成部分,通過(guò)這幾年的努力,也取得了一定的成效,但是在個(gè)人信用制度的建設(shè)過(guò)程中也暴露出很多問(wèn)題,當(dāng)前我國(guó)個(gè)人信用制度存在的主要問(wèn)題包括失信嚴(yán)重,懲罰不力、個(gè)人信用記錄制度不健全、信息不夠透明、信用監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu)缺乏、信用機(jī)構(gòu)缺乏等；造成這些問(wèn)題的原因主要是信用文化缺失、信用憑證不合理、科技水平落后、信用評(píng)估技術(shù)落后、相關(guān)法律法規(guī)不完善。筆者認(rèn)為,進(jìn)一步完善我國(guó)的個(gè)人信用制度,需要加強(qiáng)宣傳,培養(yǎng)公民的信用意識(shí)：改善信用憑證的合理性；大力發(fā)展民間個(gè)人信用征信機(jī)構(gòu)和評(píng)估機(jī)構(gòu)。另外,建立健全相應(yīng)的法律法規(guī),形成一套完善的個(gè)人信用法律體系用以保證個(gè)人信用制度的發(fā)展也顯得尤為重要。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of economy, the market economy is not only contract economy, legal economy, but also credit economy. In the social credit system, personal credit is like foundation, it supports the whole building of social credit system. However, the serious lack of personal credit affects the rapid economic development of our country. The necessity of the construction of personal credit system in our country has been fully demonstrated. It is of great theoretical and practical significance to strengthen the research on the construction of personal credit system. Personal credit can be said to be the extension and manifestation of personal morality in the economic field. The personal credit system is the product of the development of the market economy to a certain extent, and is also the inevitable requirement for the market economy to become mature. However, at present, the phenomenon of lack of credit in our country is still serious. The construction and perfection of personal credit system is of great significance to the economic development of our country. It has been more than 100 years since the development of personal credit system in western developed countries. There are mainly three kinds of credit system models in the world, in which the government dominates the system, such as France, Germany and other European countries. The market-oriented model is represented by the United States, and the representative country of the membership model is Japan. Although the above three models have great differences in the nature of credit intermediary institutions, they can still be used for reference in the construction of personal credit system in China. In recent years, with the sustained and rapid development of China's economy, personal consumer credit assets have increased rapidly, which has also promoted the development of personal credit system. In January 2006, the personal credit information system database led by the people's Bank of China came into operation. This basic database connects all banking and financial institutions in the country. A unified credit file has been established for every economically active enterprise and individual. At present, the database has included more than 18 million enterprises, more than 800 million people related information. With the gradual expansion of data collection and personal credit report, the function of personal credit information system will be enhanced, and it will be more widely used in daily applications. Undeniably, with the development of China's market economy and the continuous promotion of the construction of social credit system, the construction of personal credit system as an important part of the construction of our social credit system, through the efforts of the past few years, Some achievements have been made, but many problems have been exposed in the construction of personal credit system. At present, the main problems of personal credit system in our country include serious breach of credit, weak punishment, imperfect personal credit record system. The reasons for these problems are lack of credit culture, unreasonable credit certificate, backward science and technology, backward technology of credit evaluation, imperfect laws and regulations. The author believes that to further improve our personal credit system, we should strengthen propaganda, cultivate citizens' credit awareness, improve the rationality of credit vouchers, and vigorously develop private personal credit information institutions and evaluation institutions. In addition, it is very important to establish and perfect relevant laws and regulations and form a set of perfect personal credit legal system to ensure the development of personal credit system.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：福州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：F832.2

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