中國第三產(chǎn)業(yè)OFDI逆向技術(shù)溢出效應(yīng)研究
本文關(guān)鍵詞:中國第三產(chǎn)業(yè)OFDI逆向技術(shù)溢出效應(yīng)研究 出處:《外交學(xué)院》2015年碩士論文 論文類型:學(xué)位論文
更多相關(guān)文章: 中國對(duì)外直接投資 第三產(chǎn)業(yè) 技術(shù)進(jìn)步 溢出效應(yīng) 跨國經(jīng)營
【摘要】:中國第三產(chǎn)業(yè)對(duì)外直接投資具有一定的技術(shù)溢出效應(yīng)。進(jìn)入21世紀(jì)以來,中國對(duì)外直接投資發(fā)展迅速。2013年,中國對(duì)外直接投資流量達(dá)到1078.4億美元,較2012年增長22.8%,其中第三產(chǎn)業(yè)為OFDI中的主要部分,2013年中國第三產(chǎn)業(yè)OFDI存量達(dá)到475億美元,占當(dāng)年總存量的71.8%,第三產(chǎn)業(yè)主要包括了技術(shù)知識(shí)密集型行業(yè),理論上是獲得逆向技術(shù)溢出的主要渠道。但是,相對(duì)于第二產(chǎn)業(yè),第三產(chǎn)業(yè)OFDI并未發(fā)現(xiàn)較為明顯的逆向技術(shù)溢出。本文從第三產(chǎn)業(yè)OFDI的發(fā)展情況、逆向技術(shù)溢出的機(jī)理和影響因素等方面對(duì)中國第三產(chǎn)業(yè)OFDI的逆向技術(shù)溢出效應(yīng)進(jìn)行分析。 首先,本文分析了中國第三產(chǎn)業(yè)OFDI的歷史和現(xiàn)況,發(fā)現(xiàn)第三產(chǎn)業(yè)OFDI占總投資額的比重最大,增速穩(wěn)定,投資的主體和東道國分布日益優(yōu)化,但第三產(chǎn)業(yè)內(nèi)部的各行業(yè)投資具有較大差異,技術(shù)性行業(yè)投資不足。然后,本文在前人研究OFDI逆向技術(shù)溢出的基礎(chǔ)上,提出了技術(shù)創(chuàng)新和技術(shù)擴(kuò)散的機(jī)理研究框架,并在此框架的基礎(chǔ)上分析第三產(chǎn)業(yè)的逆向技術(shù)溢出的產(chǎn)生、傳遞和擴(kuò)散作用。最后,本文在機(jī)理分析的基礎(chǔ)上列舉闡述影響中國第三產(chǎn)業(yè)OFDI逆向技術(shù)溢出的相關(guān)因素。結(jié)合其他學(xué)者的實(shí)證研究,主要涉及了東道國、行業(yè)和企業(yè)三個(gè)層面,除了定量因素之外還對(duì)定性的因素加以闡明。 本文研究發(fā)現(xiàn),隨著與東道國技術(shù)差距的縮小,技術(shù)創(chuàng)新應(yīng)逐漸成為獲得技術(shù)溢出的主要方式。同時(shí),在東道國及母國都存在不利于OFDI獲得逆向技術(shù)溢出政策環(huán)境。微觀層面上看,中國第三產(chǎn)業(yè)企業(yè)缺乏對(duì)技術(shù)強(qiáng)有力的吸收能力。因此,,應(yīng)該從國家和企業(yè)兩方面對(duì)中國第三產(chǎn)業(yè)OFDI環(huán)境和吸收能力進(jìn)行改善和調(diào)整。國家應(yīng)鼓勵(lì)和引導(dǎo)第三產(chǎn)業(yè)企業(yè)進(jìn)行對(duì)外直接投資,同時(shí)改善國內(nèi)金融體系、監(jiān)管要求及行業(yè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。跨國企業(yè)應(yīng)保證人力與RD投入,培養(yǎng)創(chuàng)新文化增強(qiáng)跨國經(jīng)營管控,建立內(nèi)部知識(shí)流通渠道。
[Abstract]:Foreign direct investment of China's tertiary industry has a certain technology spillover effect. Since 21th century, China's foreign direct investment has developed rapidly. 2013. China's outward direct investment flows reached $107.84 billion, an increase of 22. 8% over 2012, with the tertiary sector being the main part of OFDI. In 2013, the OFDI stock of China's tertiary industry reached US $47.5 billion, accounting for 71.8% of the total stock in that year. The tertiary industry mainly includes technology-knowledge-intensive industries. In theory, it is the main channel to obtain reverse technology spillover. However, compared with the secondary industry, the tertiary industry OFDI has not found a more obvious reverse technology spillover. This paper discusses the development of OFDI in the third industry. This paper analyzes the reverse technology spillover effect of China's tertiary industry (OFDI) from the aspects of the mechanism and influencing factors of reverse technology spillover. First of all, this paper analyzes the history and current situation of China's tertiary industry OFDI, and finds that the tertiary industry OFDI accounts for the largest proportion of total investment, stable growth rate, and the distribution of the main body and host country of investment is increasingly optimized. However, the investment of different industries in the tertiary industry is quite different, and the investment in the technical industry is insufficient. Then, based on the previous research on OFDI reverse technology spillover. The mechanism research framework of technological innovation and technology diffusion is put forward, and on the basis of this framework, the generation, transmission and diffusion of reverse technology spillover in the tertiary industry are analyzed. On the basis of mechanism analysis, this paper enumerates the related factors that affect the reverse technology spillover of OFDI in China's tertiary industry. Combined with the empirical research of other scholars, it mainly involves three levels: host country, industry and enterprise. Besides quantitative factors, qualitative factors are also clarified. This paper finds that with the narrowing of the technology gap with the host country, technological innovation should gradually become the main way to obtain technology spillover. In the host country and home country, there is an adverse policy environment for OFDI to obtain reverse technology spillover. At the micro level, Chinese tertiary industry enterprises lack the strong absorptive capacity of technology. China's tertiary industry OFDI environment and absorptive capacity should be improved and adjusted from both national and enterprise aspects, and the state should encourage and guide tertiary industry enterprises to make foreign direct investment. At the same time, improve the domestic financial system, regulatory requirements and industry standards. Multinational enterprises should ensure manpower and R D input, foster an innovative culture to enhance transnational management and control, and establish internal knowledge circulation channels.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:外交學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2015
【分類號(hào)】:F719;F832.6
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