房地產(chǎn)企業(yè)實際稅負影響因素的實證研究
發(fā)布時間：2019-06-24 15:14
【摘要】：稅收負擔與國家的經(jīng)濟增長和企業(yè)發(fā)展緊密相關(guān)，企業(yè)作為我國稅收收入的主要提供者，其實際稅負也成為國計民生最關(guān)注、最敏感的問題。近幾年來，作為我國三大支柱產(chǎn)業(yè)之一的房地產(chǎn)行業(yè)在快速發(fā)展和壯大，它在國民經(jīng)濟中也發(fā)揮著重要作用，房地產(chǎn)行業(yè)能否健康、穩(wěn)定的持續(xù)發(fā)展也就成了一個熱門話題，它不僅影響著國民經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展，同時也影響著城市建設(shè)的發(fā)展。由此稅收政策的制定者與研究者也開始倍加關(guān)注房地產(chǎn)行業(yè)實際稅負水平。 然而近幾年房價的持續(xù)上升，房地產(chǎn)市場極度容易誘發(fā)泡沫，這時需要政府在市場機制得到充分發(fā)揮的前提下，對房地產(chǎn)市場采取適當?shù)慕?jīng)濟手段來控制與規(guī)范，而最直接有效的調(diào)節(jié)措施之一便是稅收政策的有力執(zhí)行。但是我國政府稅收調(diào)控政策大多只注重了操作的方便性，對有效性方面關(guān)注甚少。在政府調(diào)控后，房地產(chǎn)企業(yè)的發(fā)展趨勢，其行業(yè)的實際稅負水平以及影響房地產(chǎn)企業(yè)稅負的因素，這一切都需要根據(jù)稅收經(jīng)濟學(xué)的基本理論，采用合理的方法來評估房地產(chǎn)行業(yè)的稅負水平，從而找出房地產(chǎn)稅制中存在的問題，提出建議，確保房地產(chǎn)行業(yè)能夠穩(wěn)定持續(xù)的發(fā)展。目前學(xué)者針對我國房地產(chǎn)行業(yè)實際稅收負擔也進行了一些研究，但多數(shù)研究是以理論分析為主，而且研究的角度不同，結(jié)論也相差甚遠。因此筆者認為，在上述背景下，研究房地產(chǎn)企業(yè)稅收負擔具有重要的理論價值和深遠的現(xiàn)實意義。 本文對國內(nèi)外相關(guān)文獻進行了回顧以及研究，在此基礎(chǔ)上對研究背景、研究目的以及研究意義進行論述。闡述實際稅負的基本理論，分別界定了宏觀稅負和微觀稅負，實際稅負和名義稅負的概念，然后提出了本文所采用的衡量稅收負擔的指標。接下來本文探求了影響房地產(chǎn)行業(yè)所得稅稅負的因素，，定性的分析了這些因素對房地產(chǎn)上市公司所得稅稅負的影響，為第四章的實證研究提出基本假設(shè)。通過對2006-2011年我國房地產(chǎn)上市公司384個樣本建立了實證模型后，采用描述性統(tǒng)計和多元回歸的研究方法，驗證出這些影響因素對房地產(chǎn)上市公司所得稅稅負的影響程度。 實證研究結(jié)果顯示，公司規(guī)模、盈利能力、長期負債比率、第一股東持股比例與企業(yè)所得稅稅負呈負相關(guān)關(guān)系，其中公司規(guī)模、盈利能力、長期負債比率的影響力較為顯著。從這個面板數(shù)據(jù)來分析，公司規(guī)模的實證結(jié)果在某種程度上驗證了政治權(quán)利假說，盈利能力越強的企業(yè)，其企業(yè)所得稅稅負越低，流動比率、資產(chǎn)負債率、資本密集度與企業(yè)實際所得稅稅負成正相關(guān)關(guān)系，且對實際所得稅稅負的影響較為顯著。資本密集度與企業(yè)所得稅稅負呈顯著地正相關(guān)關(guān)系，這反映了當房地產(chǎn)上市公司在加快固定資產(chǎn)更新和投資時，稅收優(yōu)惠措施沒有起到明顯的作用。此外，我們還發(fā)現(xiàn)我國房地產(chǎn)上市公司的資產(chǎn)負債率越高，其企業(yè)的所得稅稅負越高。然而利息的擋板效應(yīng)主要來源于長期負債，而不是短期債務(wù)融資。同時，年度效應(yīng)的實證結(jié)果還驗證了相對于2006年的企業(yè)所得稅稅負有下降的趨勢。 根據(jù)房地產(chǎn)上市公司所得稅稅負影響因素的實證結(jié)果，本文在最后一章對房地產(chǎn)行業(yè)提出了一些對策以及建議。
[Abstract]:The tax burden is closely related to the economic growth of the country and the development of the enterprise, and the enterprise is the main provider of the tax revenue in our country, and the actual tax burden of the enterprise is the most concerned and most sensitive issue of the national economy and the people's livelihood. In recent years, as one of the three pillar industries in our country, the real estate industry has played an important role in the national economy, and the sustainable development of the real estate industry is a hot topic, which not only affects the development of the national economy, The development of urban construction is also affected. As a result, the policy makers and the researchers have also begun to pay close attention to the real tax burden of the real estate industry. However, in recent years, the rise of the house price, the real estate market is extremely easy to induce the foam, at this time, the government should take appropriate economic means to control and gauge the real estate market under the premise that the market mechanism is fully brought into full play. One of the most direct and effective adjustment measures is the strong implementation of tax policy However, most of the government's tax control policy focuses on the convenience of operation, and is concerned about the effectiveness. Less. After the regulation of the government, the development trend of the real estate enterprise, the actual tax burden of the industry and the factors that affect the tax burden of the real estate enterprises all need to use the reasonable method to evaluate the tax burden of the real estate industry according to the basic theory of the tax economics. Ping, so as to find out the problems in the real estate tax system, make suggestions, and ensure that the real estate industry can stably and continuously The present scholars have studied the real tax burden of the real estate industry in our country, but most of the research is based on the theoretical analysis, and the angle of the research is different, and the conclusion is very different. Therefore, in the above background, it is of great theoretical value and far-reaching realistic meaning to study the tax burden of real estate enterprises. The article reviews and studies the relevant literature at home and abroad, and on the basis of this, the research background, the purpose of the research and the research significance are discussed. The paper expounds the basic theory of the actual tax burden, and defines the concept of the macro-tax and the micro-tax, the real tax and the nominal tax, and then puts forward the measures to measure the tax burden. Then, the paper explores the factors that affect the tax burden of the real estate industry income tax, and analyzes the effect of these factors on the tax burden of the income tax of the real estate listed company, and puts forward the basis for the empirical study of the fourth chapter. This assumption is based on the analysis of 384 samples of China's real estate listed companies in 2006-2011, using descriptive statistics and multiple regression methods to verify the effect of these factors on the tax burden of the income tax of the real estate listed companies. The results of the empirical study show that the scale, profitability and long-term debt ratio of the company, the proportion of the first shareholder's shareholding and the tax burden of the enterprise income tax are negatively related, including the influence of the company's scale, the profitability and the long-term debt ratio. The force is more significant. From this panel data, the empirical results of the company's scale prove to some extent the political rights hypothesis and the stronger the profitability, the lower the enterprise income tax burden, the current ratio, the asset-liability ratio, the capital intensity and the actual income tax of the enterprise. positive correlation, and the shadow of the tax burden of the actual income tax There is a significant positive correlation between the capital intensity and the tax burden of the enterprise income tax, which reflects that when the real estate listed company is speeding up the renewal and the investment of the fixed assets, the tax preference measures do not play a role In addition, we have also found that the higher the debt-to-debt ratio of the real estate listed company in China, the higher the income of the enterprise The higher the tax burden, the higher the interest is due to long-term liabilities rather than short At the same time, the empirical result of the annual effect also verifies that the tax burden of the enterprise income tax in 2006 On the basis of the positive result of the influence factors of the income tax burden of the real estate listed company, this paper puts forward a new one to the real estate industry in the last chapter.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F812.42;F299.233.4
本文編號：2505160
[Abstract]:The tax burden is closely related to the economic growth of the country and the development of the enterprise, and the enterprise is the main provider of the tax revenue in our country, and the actual tax burden of the enterprise is the most concerned and most sensitive issue of the national economy and the people's livelihood. In recent years, as one of the three pillar industries in our country, the real estate industry has played an important role in the national economy, and the sustainable development of the real estate industry is a hot topic, which not only affects the development of the national economy, The development of urban construction is also affected. As a result, the policy makers and the researchers have also begun to pay close attention to the real tax burden of the real estate industry. However, in recent years, the rise of the house price, the real estate market is extremely easy to induce the foam, at this time, the government should take appropriate economic means to control and gauge the real estate market under the premise that the market mechanism is fully brought into full play. One of the most direct and effective adjustment measures is the strong implementation of tax policy However, most of the government's tax control policy focuses on the convenience of operation, and is concerned about the effectiveness. Less. After the regulation of the government, the development trend of the real estate enterprise, the actual tax burden of the industry and the factors that affect the tax burden of the real estate enterprises all need to use the reasonable method to evaluate the tax burden of the real estate industry according to the basic theory of the tax economics. Ping, so as to find out the problems in the real estate tax system, make suggestions, and ensure that the real estate industry can stably and continuously The present scholars have studied the real tax burden of the real estate industry in our country, but most of the research is based on the theoretical analysis, and the angle of the research is different, and the conclusion is very different. Therefore, in the above background, it is of great theoretical value and far-reaching realistic meaning to study the tax burden of real estate enterprises. The article reviews and studies the relevant literature at home and abroad, and on the basis of this, the research background, the purpose of the research and the research significance are discussed. The paper expounds the basic theory of the actual tax burden, and defines the concept of the macro-tax and the micro-tax, the real tax and the nominal tax, and then puts forward the measures to measure the tax burden. Then, the paper explores the factors that affect the tax burden of the real estate industry income tax, and analyzes the effect of these factors on the tax burden of the income tax of the real estate listed company, and puts forward the basis for the empirical study of the fourth chapter. This assumption is based on the analysis of 384 samples of China's real estate listed companies in 2006-2011, using descriptive statistics and multiple regression methods to verify the effect of these factors on the tax burden of the income tax of the real estate listed companies. The results of the empirical study show that the scale, profitability and long-term debt ratio of the company, the proportion of the first shareholder's shareholding and the tax burden of the enterprise income tax are negatively related, including the influence of the company's scale, the profitability and the long-term debt ratio. The force is more significant. From this panel data, the empirical results of the company's scale prove to some extent the political rights hypothesis and the stronger the profitability, the lower the enterprise income tax burden, the current ratio, the asset-liability ratio, the capital intensity and the actual income tax of the enterprise. positive correlation, and the shadow of the tax burden of the actual income tax There is a significant positive correlation between the capital intensity and the tax burden of the enterprise income tax, which reflects that when the real estate listed company is speeding up the renewal and the investment of the fixed assets, the tax preference measures do not play a role In addition, we have also found that the higher the debt-to-debt ratio of the real estate listed company in China, the higher the income of the enterprise The higher the tax burden, the higher the interest is due to long-term liabilities rather than short At the same time, the empirical result of the annual effect also verifies that the tax burden of the enterprise income tax in 2006 On the basis of the positive result of the influence factors of the income tax burden of the real estate listed company, this paper puts forward a new one to the real estate industry in the last chapter.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：重慶大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F812.42;F299.233.4
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