【摘要】：文章從由人口老齡化產(chǎn)生的“老年人居住及照護問題”的宏觀背景,到現(xiàn)階段我國養(yǎng)老模式重點發(fā)展對象(新趨勢)——“社區(qū)養(yǎng)老”的中觀背景,再到由房地產(chǎn)拐點所引起的興建“老年住區(qū)熱”的微觀背景三個層面對本課題的研究背景進行論述。通過對國內(nèi)外老年住區(qū)在理論和實踐上的研究綜述,并在對我國已開發(fā)老年住區(qū)調(diào)研、分析、歸納的基礎上,對我國老年住區(qū)的發(fā)展程度和存在問題深入思考,從“利于市場開發(fā)”、“利于中國老人居住”、“讓更多老人受益”三個基本立足點出發(fā),提出一種新型老年住區(qū)——“復合集約型”老年住區(qū)。 “復合集約型”老年住區(qū)是指在住區(qū)各要素的內(nèi)容構(gòu)成上復合、配比利用上集約的一種適合于我國發(fā)展的新型老年住區(qū)。“復合”主要表現(xiàn)在人口結(jié)構(gòu)的復合(年齡、健康程度、經(jīng)濟狀況、文化水平)、產(chǎn)權的復合(銷售與出租)、養(yǎng)老居住功能的復合(自理、介助、介護)、產(chǎn)業(yè)鏈各要素的復合(居住設施與配套設施)、軟件與硬件的復合(服務管理與規(guī)劃設計)；“集約”主要表現(xiàn)在設施功能種類及配置比例的優(yōu)化、老年人資源的充分利用、服務資源(包括設施與服務管理人員)的充分利用、住區(qū)空間結(jié)構(gòu)的優(yōu)化。結(jié)合國外的情況,其可簡單表述為：(美國"CCRC與AAC"模式+日本“混住”模式)×集約化利用。 文章主要從“復合集約型”老年住區(qū)的策劃建構(gòu)與設計表達兩方面具體展開分析論述。首先,從建筑策劃的角度,通過對用地屬性、區(qū)位選址、客群定位、規(guī)�？刂�、服務管理模式和運營模式六個層面的分析研究,結(jié)合“復合集約”特征要求以及老年人生理、心理、行為等特殊需求,構(gòu)建出“復合集約型”老年住區(qū)這一產(chǎn)品模型、居住模式,為后續(xù)規(guī)劃設計編制一個“任務書”；其次,按照這個“任務書”的要求,用圖示的語言去表達建構(gòu)出的、看不見摸不著的抽象概念,對“復合集約型”老年住區(qū)的功能構(gòu)成、組織布局與空間設計進行分析論述,并在此基礎上繪制出“復合集約型”老年住區(qū)的居住生活模型的總體概念模式圖及主要技術經(jīng)濟指標；最后,在遼寧沈陽地區(qū)選一實際地塊做了一個模擬的示范項目——“棲健長樂邦”生活體,以此作為對“復合集約型”老年住區(qū)這一居住生活模型的具體化表達與驗證。 文章最后對“復合集約型”老年住區(qū)這種產(chǎn)品模型、居住模式的復制延展問題進行探討；同時,以老年住區(qū)作為出發(fā)點,在更為宏觀的層面對我國未來養(yǎng)老居住及照護問題做出展望。
[Abstract]:From the macro background of "the elderly living and caring for the elderly" produced by the aging population, to the middle background of the key developing object (new trend) of the old-age support mode in China at present, that is, "community old-age care". Then it discusses the background of the research on this subject from three aspects: the micro background of the building of "the old residential area" caused by the inflection point of real estate. Based on the theoretical and practical research of the old residential area at home and abroad, and on the basis of the investigation, analysis and induction of the developed old residential area in our country, the author thinks deeply about the development degree and the existing problems of the old residential area in our country. Starting from the three basic footholds of "favorable market development", "good for the elderly to live in China" and "making more elderly people benefit", this paper puts forward a new type of old residential district-"compound intensive" old residential area. "compound intensive" old residential area is a new type of old residential area suitable for the development of our country. "compound" is mainly manifested in the composition of population structure (age, health degree, economic condition, education level), the compound of property rights (sales and rental), the compound of living function of the aged (self-care, referral and protection), The combination of various elements of industrial chain (living facilities and supporting facilities), software and hardware (service management and planning and design); "intensive" is mainly manifested in the optimization of the types of facilities function and the proportion of allocation, the full utilization of elderly resources, the full utilization of service resources (including facilities and service managers), and the optimization of the spatial structure of residential areas. Combined with the situation abroad, it can be simply expressed as: (American "CCRC and AAC" model, Japan "mixed" mode) 脳 intensive utilization. This paper mainly discusses the planning construction and design expression of compound intensive old residential area. First of all, from the angle of architectural planning, through the analysis and research of land use attribute, location, customer group location, scale control, service management model and operation mode, combined with the characteristics of "compound intensive" and the physiology of the elderly, Psychological, behavioral and other special needs, this product model of "compound intensive" old residential area, housing mode, for the subsequent planning and design of a "taskbook"; Secondly, according to the requirements of the "task book", the abstract concept constructed by the graphical language is expressed, and the function composition, organization layout and space design of the "compound intensive" old residential area are analyzed and discussed. On this basis, the overall concept model map and main technical and economic indexes of the "compound intensive" living model of the old people are drawn. Finally, a practical plot of land in Shenyang, Liaoning Province, was chosen to make a simulated demonstration project, "Qijian Changle Bang", as a concrete expression and verification of the living model of "compound intensive" old residential area. Finally, the paper discusses the product model of "compound intensive" old residential area and the problem of replicating and extending the living mode. At the same time, taking the old residential area as the starting point, the future pension housing and care problems in China are prospected at the macro level.
【學位授予單位】：沈陽建筑大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TU984.12

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