【摘要】：伴隨自由企業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)的進(jìn)展,建筑施工企業(yè)要面對著企業(yè)之間殘酷的角逐。世界經(jīng)濟(jì)的一體化,不僅給我國的建筑行業(yè)提供了前所未有的發(fā)展機(jī)會,而且也帶給我國難以避開的難題。投資主體日益多元化、投資規(guī)模不斷上升、工程類型日趨多樣,企業(yè)能否為社會提供質(zhì)量高、工期短、造價(jià)低的建筑產(chǎn)品并保證工程質(zhì)量是關(guān)鍵。隨著科技的發(fā)展,社會的進(jìn)步,我國建設(shè)企業(yè)如雨后春筍般不斷壯大,大規(guī)模的開發(fā)建設(shè)伴隨著的便是工程質(zhì)量的嚴(yán)峻考驗(yàn)。而工程質(zhì)量保修金則是從工程質(zhì)量存在缺陷衍生而來,對于建設(shè)單位而言,工程質(zhì)量保修金是工程質(zhì)量的保護(hù)傘,對于施工單位而言,工程質(zhì)量保修金則是對工程質(zhì)量維護(hù)的承諾。由于工程質(zhì)量保修金而引起的爭執(zhí),直接侵害了工程權(quán)利人的經(jīng)濟(jì)利益,對權(quán)利人造成嚴(yán)重的權(quán)益侵害。法律要求建設(shè)機(jī)構(gòu)對承建的項(xiàng)目有進(jìn)行保修的義務(wù),但是因?yàn)榻ㄔO(shè)機(jī)構(gòu)不把這樣的規(guī)定當(dāng)回事、延期修理通常讓項(xiàng)目沒有辦法快速的被修理,這樣就給工程權(quán)益人帶來嚴(yán)重的經(jīng)濟(jì)影響,即使以訴訟的途徑得到了補(bǔ)償,也會浪費(fèi)很多的精力與時(shí)間。在已經(jīng)相繼進(jìn)入飽和狀態(tài)的我國建設(shè)行業(yè)和房地產(chǎn)行業(yè)背后暴露出越來越多的質(zhì)量問題,為防范風(fēng)險(xiǎn),迫切需要建立健全建設(shè)工程合同管理制度。其中,建筑項(xiàng)目合約生效階段都應(yīng)該會遇到施工企業(yè)保證修理責(zé)任的問題,建設(shè)機(jī)構(gòu)對質(zhì)量保修金的規(guī)定也經(jīng)常采取扣除部分項(xiàng)目結(jié)算款的方法,在建筑項(xiàng)目施工合約問題中建設(shè)企業(yè)經(jīng)常在“保修期過后”要求歸還作為押金的質(zhì)量保修金。但在當(dāng)下已經(jīng)迎來微利時(shí)代,前進(jìn)速度緩慢爬行的建筑行業(yè),留置的建設(shè)工程質(zhì)量保修金有可能成為施工單位所建工程的全部利潤。然而,建設(shè)工程質(zhì)量保修金制度在法律適用上依然存在許多問題,我國建設(shè)工程質(zhì)量保修金法律規(guī)制的內(nèi)容不全面,立法位階不高,與其配套的法律責(zé)任和救濟(jì)方式不明確。工程質(zhì)量的維護(hù)與保修是缺陷責(zé)任方的義務(wù),誰應(yīng)當(dāng)作為建設(shè)工程質(zhì)量保修金的保管主體,是否發(fā)生建設(shè)單位破產(chǎn),建設(shè)工程質(zhì)量保修金便無從返還。建設(shè)工程質(zhì)量保修金制度的法律規(guī)制或成為緩解建設(shè)單位與施工單位糾紛問題的非常有效的處理方式。因此,充分關(guān)注并深入研究我國建設(shè)工程質(zhì)量保修金的法律規(guī)制問題對于建筑法律關(guān)系中的相關(guān)利益主體的經(jīng)營發(fā)展有著十分重要的意義。
[Abstract]:With the development of free enterprise economy, construction enterprises have to face the cruel competition between enterprises. The integration of the world economy not only provides the unprecedented development opportunity for the construction industry of our country, but also brings the difficult problem that our country cannot avoid. The main body of investment is increasingly diversified, the scale of investment is rising, and the types of projects are becoming more and more diverse. Whether the enterprise can provide the society with high quality, short construction period, low cost of building products and guarantee the quality of the project is the key. With the development of science and technology and the progress of the society, the construction enterprises in our country are growing like bamboo shoots, and the large-scale development and construction is accompanied by the severe test of the engineering quality. The project quality guarantee is derived from the defects of the project quality. For the construction unit, the project quality guarantee is the umbrella of the engineering quality, and for the construction unit, Project quality warranty is a commitment to project quality maintenance. The dispute caused by the project quality guarantee directly infringes the economic interests of the project owner and causes serious infringement on the right holder. The law obliges the construction agency to guarantee the contracted project, but because the construction agency does not take such regulations seriously, the delay in repair usually leaves the project unable to be repaired quickly. This will bring serious economic impact to the engineering stakeholders, even if compensated by litigation, it will also waste a lot of energy and time. More and more quality problems have been exposed behind the construction industry and real estate industry, which have already entered the saturation state one after another. In order to prevent risks, it is urgent to establish and perfect the contract management system of construction projects. Among them, the construction project contract should be confronted with the problem of the construction enterprise's guarantee of repair responsibility during the effective stage of the construction project contract, and the construction organization often adopts the method of deducting part of the project settlement funds in accordance with the provisions of the quality guarantee fee. In the construction contract of construction project, the construction enterprise often asks for the return of the quality guarantee after the warranty period. But now has ushered in a small profit era, the construction industry moving slowly, the retention of construction project quality guarantee may become the construction unit to build all the profits. However, there are still many problems in the legal application of the construction project quality guarantee gold system. The content of the legal regulation of the construction project quality guarantee gold is not comprehensive, the legislative rank is not high, and the corresponding legal responsibility and relief methods are not clear. The maintenance and maintenance of engineering quality is the duty of the party responsible for the defects. Who should be the custodian of the quality guarantee of the construction project, whether the construction unit goes bankrupt or not, the quality guarantee of the construction project can not be returned. The legal regulation of construction quality guarantee gold system may become a very effective way to alleviate the disputes between construction units and construction units. Therefore, it is of great significance for the management and development of the relevant stakeholders in the legal relationship of construction to pay full attention to and deeply study the legal regulation of quality guarantee gold of construction projects in our country.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D922.297

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