【摘要】：房地產(chǎn)行業(yè)是一個(gè)資本和經(jīng)營(yíng)規(guī)模高度集中的行業(yè),并受到國(guó)家宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)調(diào)控政策的重大影響。當(dāng)前的房地產(chǎn)行業(yè)已經(jīng)呈現(xiàn)出強(qiáng)者愈強(qiáng),逐漸集中的格局,并逐步結(jié)束了暴利時(shí)代。各大房地產(chǎn)企業(yè)也紛紛進(jìn)入精細(xì)化開發(fā)和精細(xì)化管理時(shí)代。中型房地產(chǎn)企業(yè)由于其資金實(shí)力不如知名大型地產(chǎn)開發(fā)商,抗風(fēng)險(xiǎn)能力相對(duì)于已完成區(qū)域布局或全國(guó)布局的大型開發(fā)商而言也較弱,更容易收到政策調(diào)控的影響。 大多數(shù)的中型房地產(chǎn)企業(yè)而言,缺乏整體的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)意識(shí),也缺乏系統(tǒng)科學(xué)的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理體系和實(shí)施方法。研究宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)調(diào)控形勢(shì)下中型房地產(chǎn)企業(yè)在三線城市開發(fā)過程的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理可以幫助中型房地產(chǎn)開發(fā)企業(yè)認(rèn)清政策調(diào)控的背景、現(xiàn)狀和未來趨勢(shì),全面梳理和識(shí)別開發(fā)全過程的各類主要風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。通過有針對(duì)性的采取有效合理的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)應(yīng)對(duì)措施,降低風(fēng)險(xiǎn)發(fā)生影響和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)發(fā)生的可能性,規(guī)避無謂的風(fēng)險(xiǎn),轉(zhuǎn)移特定風(fēng)險(xiǎn),減少損失,從而確保企業(yè)整體經(jīng)營(yíng)效益的實(shí)現(xiàn)。 針對(duì)上述背景,筆者對(duì)2003年-2012年進(jìn)十年影響到房地產(chǎn)行業(yè)的經(jīng)濟(jì)調(diào)控政策的變化進(jìn)行了研究和分析,內(nèi)容包括貨幣政策、財(cái)政稅收政策、信貸政策和行政調(diào)控手段。這些調(diào)控政策中涉及到的對(duì)三線城市房地產(chǎn)開發(fā)的影響進(jìn)行了重點(diǎn)論述,并歸納了當(dāng)前經(jīng)濟(jì)調(diào)控形勢(shì)下房地產(chǎn)行業(yè)的發(fā)展特征。 本論文主要運(yùn)用的主要理論體系和依據(jù)是“企業(yè)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理整合架構(gòu)”。在此理論基礎(chǔ)下,按照確定風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理目標(biāo)、風(fēng)險(xiǎn)識(shí)別、風(fēng)險(xiǎn)評(píng)估、風(fēng)險(xiǎn)應(yīng)對(duì)、風(fēng)險(xiǎn)監(jiān)控和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理后評(píng)估的步驟論述風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理的基本流程。 本論文重點(diǎn)對(duì)中型房地產(chǎn)企業(yè)在三線城市開發(fā)過程的主要經(jīng)營(yíng)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)及應(yīng)對(duì)措施進(jìn)行分析和論述。風(fēng)險(xiǎn)類別涉及政策風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、原材料價(jià)格波動(dòng)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、土地獲取決策風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、項(xiàng)目合作風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、項(xiàng)目計(jì)劃與進(jìn)度管理風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、成本超支風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、工程質(zhì)量風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、設(shè)計(jì)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、資金風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、產(chǎn)品定位風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、銷售回款風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和媒體危機(jī)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。本論文的研究過程中除了引用筆者所在的景瑞地產(chǎn)在三線城市進(jìn)行房產(chǎn)開發(fā)的實(shí)務(wù)經(jīng)驗(yàn),也借鑒了其他中型房地產(chǎn)企業(yè)在類似風(fēng)險(xiǎn)領(lǐng)域的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。
[Abstract]:The real estate industry is a highly concentrated capital and management industry, which is greatly influenced by the national macroeconomic regulation and control policies. The current real estate industry has shown a stronger, gradually concentrated pattern, and gradually ended the era of profiteering. Each big real estate enterprise also enters the fine development and the fine management time one after another. Because their financial strength is not as strong as the well-known large real estate developers, the medium-sized real estate enterprises are also weaker than the large developers who have completed the regional layout or the national layout, and are more susceptible to the influence of policy regulation. Most medium-sized real estate enterprises lack the whole risk consciousness and the systematic scientific risk management system and implement method. Studying the risk management of the middle sized real estate enterprises in the development process of the third tier cities under the situation of macroeconomic regulation and control can help them to recognize the background, current situation and future trend of the policy regulation and control. Sort out and identify all kinds of main risks in the whole process of development. By taking effective and reasonable measures to deal with risks, we can reduce the impact of risks and the possibility of risk occurrence, avoid unnecessary risks, transfer specific risks and reduce losses, thus ensuring the realization of the overall operating benefits of enterprises. In view of the above background, the author studies and analyzes the changes of economic regulation and control policies that affect the real estate industry in the past ten years from 2003 to 2012, including monetary policy, fiscal and tax policy, credit policy and administrative regulation and control means. The influence of these policies on the real estate development in the third tier cities is discussed in detail, and the characteristics of the real estate industry under the current economic regulation and control situation are summarized. The main theoretical system and basis of this thesis is Enterprise risk Management Integration Framework. On the basis of this theory, the basic process of risk management is discussed according to the steps of defining risk management objectives, risk identification, risk assessment, risk response, risk monitoring and post-risk management evaluation. This paper focuses on the analysis and discussion of the main management risks and countermeasures of the middle-sized real estate enterprises in the development process of the third-tier cities. Risk categories include policy risk, raw material price fluctuation risk, land acquisition decision risk, project cooperation risk, project planning and schedule management risk, cost overrun risk, engineering quality risk, design risk, capital risk, Product positioning risk, sales return risk and media crisis risk. In the research process of this paper, besides quoting the real estate development experience of Jingrui Real Estate in the third tier city, we also draw lessons from the experience of other medium-sized real estate enterprises in the similar risk field.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：復(fù)旦大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：F272.3;F299.233.4

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本文編號(hào)：2239139