本文選題：限購政策 + 不可抗力　； 參考：《安徽大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：自從我國1998年正式實(shí)行住房商品化政策以來,我國的房地產(chǎn)市場(chǎng)經(jīng)歷了一系列的起起落落,而每當(dāng)房地產(chǎn)市場(chǎng)處于風(fēng)口浪尖的時(shí)刻,國家總是通過頒布宏觀調(diào)控政策來力挽狂瀾,最終達(dá)到改善市場(chǎng)狀況的目的。2009年以來,這些宏觀調(diào)控政策的出臺(tái)更為密集,其政策的指向性變化也非常大,而2010年“新國十條”的出臺(tái)更是令很多房地產(chǎn)開發(fā)商和購房者措手不及,尤其是使部分購房者遭遇了“錢房兩失”的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。 在這種因國家宏觀調(diào)控政策變化帶來的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)面前,不可抗力和商業(yè)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)規(guī)則都有其適用上的限制,唯有將情事變更原則引入該類合同的糾紛,才足以有理有據(jù)的保障當(dāng)事人的合法權(quán)益和維護(hù)民法公平正義的基本原則。盡管之前我國民事立法基于種種考慮而未將情事變更原則正式列入,但隨著市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)的不斷發(fā)展,從立法上對(duì)各類合同風(fēng)險(xiǎn)進(jìn)行規(guī)制乃是社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的大勢(shì)所趨,是符合我國當(dāng)前基本國情的。同時(shí)將情事變更的相關(guān)原則加以立法化,也更有利于我國民事法律的完善,有利于我國法制化進(jìn)程的發(fā)展。 情事變更原則的發(fā)展無論是在英美法系還是在大陸法系國家,都經(jīng)歷了一個(gè)非常曲折的過程�？v觀該原則在各個(gè)國家的發(fā)展歷程不難看出,各國民事立法對(duì)其都大致經(jīng)歷了一個(gè)果斷排斥——謹(jǐn)慎適用——曲折發(fā)展——立法明確的過程,其在中國的發(fā)展歷程也同樣如此。我國改革開放初期曾將情事變更原則寫入立法,后又由于種種原因而將這一規(guī)定刪除,最后又以司法解釋的形式加以確立,并規(guī)定了較為嚴(yán)厲的適用條件,可謂是“名不正者言不順”。而這幾十年來,理論界關(guān)于該原則是否應(yīng)當(dāng)寫入立法也一直是爭論不休,反對(duì)者認(rèn)為該原則與不可抗力和商業(yè)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)都有重合的部分,且正式立法有被部分法官和當(dāng)事人濫用之嫌；而贊成者則認(rèn)為情事變更原則立法符合我國當(dāng)前社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的需要,其指導(dǎo)價(jià)值遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)大于弊端,并且只要運(yùn)用得當(dāng),在立法上加以完備,就可以解決諸如國家宏觀調(diào)控政策等非當(dāng)事人主觀意志的強(qiáng)大因素給合同的履行帶來的影響,而不會(huì)造成當(dāng)前盡管司法解釋有關(guān)于情事變更原則的規(guī)定,對(duì)于大多數(shù)基層法院來說卻因?yàn)檫m用條件較為嚴(yán)苛而形同虛設(shè)的狀況。 本文試從房地產(chǎn)限購新政策的出臺(tái)對(duì)商品房買賣合同履行的影響角度來分析情事變更原則在這一領(lǐng)域的應(yīng)用,目的在于說明在我國當(dāng)前的經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢(shì)下,情事變更原則的適用對(duì)于解決理論和實(shí)踐上的合同糾紛都具有重要的指導(dǎo)意義,為該類當(dāng)事人意志以外非不可抗力對(duì)合同履行造成的影響提供解決的法律依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:Since our country formally implemented the housing commercialization policy in 1998, the real estate market of our country has experienced a series of ups and downs, and whenever the real estate market is at the top of the tide, The state always tries to reverse the tide by promulgating macroeconomic control policies, and finally achieves the goal of improving the market situation. Since 2009, these macro-control policies have been more intensive, and their policies have changed very much in their directionality. In 2010, many property developers and home buyers were caught unprepared by the introduction of the "new ten national rules," especially the risk that some buyers have suffered the "loss of money and housing". In the face of this kind of risk caused by the change of national macro-control policy, both the force majeure and commercial risk rules have their applicable limitations. Only by introducing the principle of circumstance change into the dispute of this kind of contract, It is sufficient to protect the legitimate rights and interests of the parties and to safeguard the basic principles of fairness and justice in civil law. Although the principle of circumstance change was not formally included in the civil legislation of our country based on various considerations, with the continuous development of the market economy, it is the trend of social and economic development to regulate the risks of various kinds of contracts in legislation. Is in line with China's current basic national conditions. At the same time, it is beneficial to the perfection of our civil law and the development of our country's legalization process to legislate the relevant principles of circumstance change. The development of the principle of change of events has gone through a very tortuous process both in the common law system and in the continental law system countries. Looking at the development course of the principle in various countries, it is not difficult to see that the civil legislation of various countries has generally experienced a decisive exclusion-prudent application-tortuous development-clear process of legislation, and so has its development course in China. At the beginning of reform and opening up, the principle of change of circumstances was written into the legislation, and then, for various reasons, this provision was deleted, and finally it was established in the form of judicial interpretation, and the more severe conditions of application were stipulated. It can be said that "the wrong name is not true to the words." Over the past few decades, theoretical circles have been debating whether the principle should be incorporated into legislation, with opponents arguing that it overlaps with force majeure and commercial risks. The formal legislation has been abused by some judges and parties, while the proponents think that the legislation of the principle of change of events conforms to the needs of the current social and economic development of our country, and its guiding value is far greater than the malpractice, and if it is properly applied, If the legislation is complete, it will be possible to solve the impact on the performance of the contract caused by strong factors such as the subjective will of the non-party, such as the national macro-control policy, without causing the current judicial interpretation to contain provisions on the principle of change of circumstances, For most of the basic courts, because of the more stringent application conditions and virtual situation. This paper tries to analyze the application of the principle of change of events in this field from the perspective of the impact of the new policy of restricting the purchase of real estate on the performance of the contract for the sale of commercial housing. The purpose of this paper is to explain the current economic situation in China. The application of the principle of circumstance change is of great significance to the settlement of contract disputes in theory and practice, and provides the legal basis for solving the influence of non-force majeure on the performance of the contract caused by the non-force majeure outside the will of the parties concerned.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：D923.6

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本文編號(hào)：2018218