本文選題：房屋拆遷 + 民事補(bǔ)償制度�。� 參考：《湘潭大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著中國經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展，尤其是依賴基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施建設(shè)對(duì)經(jīng)濟(jì)拉動(dòng)的政策前景和城鎮(zhèn)化進(jìn)程的迅速發(fā)展，土地征收，房屋拆遷等行為以及由此帶來的一系列問題正逐漸成為社會(huì)熱點(diǎn)，不僅牽涉成千上萬被拆遷人的切身利益，考驗(yàn)著政府的執(zhí)法能力和水平，矛盾叢生的背后更需要立法者全面深入對(duì)征收征用利益分配機(jī)制的進(jìn)一步研究。作為一個(gè)經(jīng)濟(jì)法學(xué)的研究者，在對(duì)土地征收利益分配制度研究的同時(shí)，針對(duì)現(xiàn)實(shí)情況，我們著重從土地征收后產(chǎn)生的增量利益的角度出發(fā)，對(duì)重構(gòu)土地征收分配制度進(jìn)行分析研究。以往，在房屋拆遷中利益關(guān)系的調(diào)整，主要只有民事補(bǔ)償?shù)姆芍贫�，城市房屋拆遷只給被拆遷人補(bǔ)償其財(cái)產(chǎn)損失，農(nóng)村房屋拆遷除了補(bǔ)償其財(cái)產(chǎn)損失，還給一定的安置補(bǔ)助。在這種情況下，似乎拆遷人就有充分的理由要求被拆遷人服從拆遷；同時(shí)，有的拆遷人甚至還依賴司法機(jī)關(guān)的力量強(qiáng)制拆遷。事實(shí)上，只給予民事補(bǔ)償?shù)牟疬w制度，還存在著很大的缺陷，何況拆遷人執(zhí)行民事補(bǔ)償?shù)牟疬w制度本身也存在很多瑕疵，因此，房屋拆遷產(chǎn)生了很多惡性案件。那么，怎樣完善房屋拆遷制度呢？本文運(yùn)用調(diào)整增量利益關(guān)系的經(jīng)濟(jì)法理論，提出了我們應(yīng)當(dāng)在完善民事補(bǔ)償?shù)姆课莶疬w實(shí)體法和程序法制度的基礎(chǔ)上，，構(gòu)建調(diào)整房屋拆遷中增量利益關(guān)系的法律制度。因?yàn)椴疬w人（政府及政府有關(guān)部門）和用地單位，通常都是以公共利益需要為由進(jìn)行建設(shè)，而且拆遷人更是以社會(huì)整體發(fā)展利益的代表者，要求拆遷人服從拆遷。問題在于，被拆遷主體即使獲得了拆遷的民事補(bǔ)償，拆遷人和用地單位也并不一定能享有用地的優(yōu)先權(quán)，被拆遷人也沒有義務(wù)保障他們的這種優(yōu)先權(quán)。因?yàn)椴疬w人和用地單位在這個(gè)過程中，實(shí)際上是實(shí)現(xiàn)了他們自己的增量利益最大化，而被拆遷人難以從中分享其增量利益，國家的整體利益和社會(huì)公共利益也沒有得到保障。這是現(xiàn)在房地產(chǎn)過熱和拆遷糾紛居高不下的重要原因。因此，筆者主張房屋拆遷應(yīng)當(dāng)區(qū)別城市房屋拆遷和農(nóng)村房屋拆遷的不同情況，在完善民事補(bǔ)償實(shí)體和程序制度的基礎(chǔ)上，重構(gòu)能夠保障國家整體和被拆遷人分享房屋拆遷的增量利益的法律制度。這里，本文著重論述了被拆遷人分享房屋拆遷的增量利益的法律制度的有關(guān)法律問題。
[Abstract]:With the development of Chinese economy, especially the policy prospect of relying on infrastructure construction to pull the economy and the rapid development of urbanization process, land expropriation, house demolition and a series of problems are gradually becoming social hot spots. It not only involves the vital interests of thousands of people who have been demolished, but also tests the ability and level of the government to enforce the law. As a researcher of economic law, while studying the interest distribution system of land expropriation, we focus on the angle of incremental interest after land expropriation. This paper analyzes and studies the reconstruction of land expropriation and distribution system. In the past, only the legal system of civil compensation was used to adjust the interest relationship in the house demolition. The urban house demolition only compensates for its property loss, and the rural house demolition only compensates for its property loss, and gives a certain amount of rehousing subsidy. In this case, it seems that the demolition person has a good reason to require the demolition person to obey the demolition; at the same time, some demolition people even rely on the power of the judicial organs to force the demolition. In fact, there are still many defects in the demolition system which only gives civil compensation. Moreover, there are also many defects in the demolition system of civil compensation. Therefore, there are many malignant cases of house demolition. So, how to improve the housing demolition system? Based on the economic law theory of adjusting incremental interest relationship, this paper puts forward that we should construct a legal system to adjust the incremental interest relationship in house demolition on the basis of perfecting the system of substantive law and procedural law of house demolition with civil compensation. Because the demolition person (the government and the government concerned department) and the land use unit, usually is carries on the construction according to the public interest need, moreover, the demolition person is the representative of the whole social development benefit, requests the demolition person to obey the demolition. The problem is that even if the subject gets the civil compensation for the demolition, the demolition person and the land unit will not necessarily enjoy the priority of land use, nor will they have the obligation to protect their priority. Because in this process, the demolition person and the land use unit actually realized their own increment benefit maximization, but the person who was demolished could not share its increment benefit, and the national whole interest and the social public interest also did not get the safeguard. This is the real estate overheating and demolition disputes remain high important reasons. Therefore, the author argues that the housing demolition should distinguish between the urban housing demolition and the rural housing demolition, on the basis of perfecting the civil compensation entity and the procedure system. Reconstructing the legal system which can protect the whole country and the person to be demolished to share the incremental benefits of the house demolition. This paper focuses on the legal issues of the legal system in which the occupants share the incremental benefits of the house demolition.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湘潭大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：D922.29

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