本文選題：小產(chǎn)權(quán)房　切入點(diǎn)：原因　出處：《中共中央黨校》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：所謂小產(chǎn)權(quán)房是指建設(shè)在農(nóng)村集體所有土地之上的、向本集體經(jīng)濟(jì)組織之外的居民銷售的房屋，這類房屋的產(chǎn)權(quán)發(fā)證機(jī)關(guān)是當(dāng)?shù)鼗鶎余l(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政府而非國家土地管理部門。購買者只能取得當(dāng)?shù)剜l(xiāng)政府或者是村民委員會所發(fā)的房屋所有權(quán)和使用權(quán)證，而不能獲得國家房產(chǎn)管理部門所發(fā)的房屋所有權(quán)證和土地使用權(quán)證。而在我國房屋和土地的相關(guān)法律中，鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)政府和村委會是沒有權(quán)利發(fā)放此類證書的，因而，在日常生活中，小產(chǎn)權(quán)房又有許多其他稱謂，如“鄉(xiāng)產(chǎn)權(quán)房”、“村產(chǎn)權(quán)房”等等。 小產(chǎn)權(quán)房規(guī)模的急劇擴(kuò)大不是偶然的，它的出現(xiàn)和發(fā)展和我國特殊的土地管理制度和飛快的經(jīng)濟(jì)社會發(fā)展速度是密切相關(guān)的。造成小產(chǎn)權(quán)房產(chǎn)生并迅速發(fā)展的原因主要有：我國土地管理制度造成的城鄉(xiāng)二元的土地所有制；地方政府在土地管理中存在的管理缺位的問題；隨著城市化的不斷深入，城市居民對于住房的需求不斷上漲；城市商品房價格過高，超過中低收入者購房能力；城市保障性住房體系建設(shè)不盡完善。 小產(chǎn)權(quán)的大量存在對經(jīng)濟(jì)社會的發(fā)展有著深刻的影響，既有一定的積極作用，也存在著明顯的弊端。其積極作用表現(xiàn)在：增加城市住房供給，抑制房價過快上漲；推動小城鎮(zhèn)和新農(nóng)村建設(shè)；緩解政府保障性住房的建設(shè)壓力。但其弊端更加明顯，，表現(xiàn)在：違反相關(guān)法律規(guī)定；不利于農(nóng)民權(quán)益保障；不利于購房者權(quán)益保障；不利于房地產(chǎn)市場的有序、健康發(fā)展。 針對小產(chǎn)權(quán)房問題的復(fù)雜性，筆者從其各利益主體的角度分別從：政府部門、村集體組織、農(nóng)民、購房者、開發(fā)商等五個角度進(jìn)行了分析。并在結(jié)合目前各地實(shí)踐的基礎(chǔ)上提出了解決小產(chǎn)權(quán)房問題應(yīng)該堅(jiān)持的原則：堅(jiān)持依法治理的原則；堅(jiān)持分類處理的原則；維護(hù)農(nóng)民、購房者利益的原則；堅(jiān)持權(quán)利平等的原則。并提出解決小產(chǎn)權(quán)房問題的政策建議：認(rèn)為根本途徑是建立完善的農(nóng)村土地流轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)制；必須完善農(nóng)村土地管理體制；必須完善城市保障性住房建設(shè)；對現(xiàn)有小產(chǎn)權(quán)房進(jìn)行分類處理，按照占用耕地的類型和是否符合基本建設(shè)規(guī)劃的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，進(jìn)行區(qū)別化處理。
[Abstract]:The so-called houses with small property rights refer to houses built on rural collectively-owned land and sold to residents outside their own collective economic organizations. The issuing authority for property rights of this type of house is the local grass-roots township government rather than the state land administration department. The purchaser can only obtain the building ownership and use certificate issued by the local township government or the villagers' committee. However, they cannot obtain the certificates of ownership and land use issued by the State real estate administration. In the relevant laws on housing and land in our country, township governments and village committees do not have the right to issue such certificates, so in their daily lives, Small property houses also have many other terms, such as "township property right room", "village property right room" and so on. The dramatic expansion of the size of small property houses is not accidental. Its appearance and development are closely related to our country's special land management system and the rapid economic and social development speed. The main reasons that cause the small property house to produce and develop rapidly are: the city caused by the land management system of our country. Rural dual land ownership; With the deepening of urbanization, the demand for housing of urban residents is rising, the price of urban commercial housing is too high, which exceeds the ability of low-income people to buy housing. The construction of urban affordable housing system is not perfect. The existence of a large number of small property rights has a profound impact on the economic and social development, both positive role, but also has obvious drawbacks. Promote the construction of small towns and new rural areas; ease the pressure on the construction of government-supported housing. But its drawbacks are more obvious: violation of relevant laws and regulations, not conducive to the protection of farmers' rights and interests, not conducive to the protection of the rights and interests of buyers; Not conducive to the order of the real estate market, healthy development. In view of the complexity of the problem of small property right house, the author from the angle of the main body of interest: the government department, the village collective organization, the farmer, the house buyer, Developers and other five angles were analyzed. On the basis of the current practice in various parts of the country, the author put forward the principles that should be adhered to in solving the problem of small property housing: adhere to the principle of governing according to law; adhere to the principle of classified treatment; and safeguard farmers, The principle of the interests of house buyers, the principle of equality of rights, and the policy suggestions to solve the problem of small property rights are put forward: the basic way is to establish a perfect mechanism of rural land circulation, and the system of rural land management must be improved. It is necessary to perfect the construction of urban affordable housing, to classify the existing houses with small property rights, and to distinguish between them according to the type of cultivated land occupied and whether it conforms to the standard of capital construction planning.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中共中央黨校
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F299.23;D922.1812

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