發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-03-10 18:42

  本文選題：量子隱形傳態(tài)　切入點(diǎn)：遠(yuǎn)程量子態(tài)制備　出處：《四川師范大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：隨著電子商務(wù),移動(dòng)支付等新興業(yè)的快速發(fā)展,網(wǎng)絡(luò)信息安全問題備受矚目.在理論上,量子通信具有無條件的安全性和高效性,因而在信息安全領(lǐng)域有著重大的應(yīng)用價(jià)值和前景,將逐漸走進(jìn)人們的日常生活.本文主要圍繞量子通信在量子隱形傳態(tài)和量子態(tài)制備方面的相關(guān)協(xié)議進(jìn)行了研究.以線性代數(shù)為工具,利用不同的量子資源和量子測(cè)量方法設(shè)計(jì)了三個(gè)量子通信協(xié)議.主要研究?jī)?nèi)容如下:1.量子隱形傳態(tài)協(xié)議.利用非最大糾纏態(tài),設(shè)計(jì)了兩種三方參與的任意Bell型糾纏態(tài)的雙向受控概率隱形傳態(tài)方案.在第三方的監(jiān)督下,通信雙方可以利用投影測(cè)量,POVM測(cè)量,控制非門和酉矩陣變換,同時(shí)傳送量子態(tài)給對(duì)方.如果沒有控制方的允許,協(xié)議失敗.當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)傳輸量子信道達(dá)到最大糾纏時(shí),隱形傳態(tài)的概率達(dá)到100%.2.量子態(tài)制備協(xié)議.以一個(gè)七粒子糾纏態(tài)作為量子信道,設(shè)計(jì)了一種量子雙向受控聯(lián)合遠(yuǎn)程制備方案.發(fā)送者Alice和Charlie想在Bob方遠(yuǎn)程制備一個(gè)量子態(tài);與此同時(shí)Bob和David希望在Alice方遠(yuǎn)程制備一個(gè)單粒子態(tài).制備過程中需要Fred的監(jiān)督與協(xié)作.當(dāng)且僅當(dāng)所有參與者合作的情況下,才能以概率100%完成量子態(tài)的制備.該方案中只需要用到局部操作和經(jīng)典通信,所以五方參與的方案在物理上是有可實(shí)現(xiàn)性的.3.星型網(wǎng)絡(luò)下量子態(tài)制備.因?yàn)樽畲蠹m纏態(tài)會(huì)受外界因素影響而退化為部分糾纏態(tài),所以提出了一種概率量子態(tài)制備方案.網(wǎng)絡(luò)中任何兩個(gè)用戶節(jié)點(diǎn)沒有彼此共享糾纏態(tài),但可以通過糾纏交換技術(shù)建立糾纏,從而構(gòu)建量子信道.通過Bell基測(cè)量,添加輔助粒子,實(shí)施特殊的酉矩陣,單粒子測(cè)量等一系列操作,以一定的概率成功實(shí)現(xiàn)任意單粒子態(tài)的單向和雙向制備任務(wù).
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of electronic commerce, mobile payment and other new industries, network information security has attracted much attention. In theory, quantum communication has unconditional security and high efficiency. Therefore, it has great application value and prospect in the field of information security. This paper focuses on the protocols of quantum teleportation and quantum state preparation. Three quantum communication protocols are designed using different quantum resources and quantum measurement methods. The main research contents are as follows: 1. Quantum teleportation protocol. In this paper, two kinds of bi-directional controlled probabilistic teleportation schemes for arbitrary Bell entangled states are designed. Under the supervision of a third party, both parties can use projection measurement to control the non-gate and unitary matrix transformation. The protocol fails if and only if the transmission quantum channel reaches its maximum entanglement. The probability of teleportation reaches 100.2. Quantum state preparation protocol. A quantum bidirectional controlled joint remote preparation scheme is designed using a seven-particle entangled state as a quantum channel. The sender Alice and Charlie want to remotely prepare a quantum state on the Bob side. At the same time, Bob and David want to remotely prepare a single particle state on the Alice side. The preparation process requires the supervision and collaboration of Fred, if and only if all the participants cooperate. The quantum states can be prepared with probability 100%. In this scheme, only local operation and classical communication are needed. So the five-party scheme is physically realizable. 3. The quantum state is prepared under the star network. Because the maximum entangled state will be affected by external factors, it will degenerate into partially entangled state. Therefore, a probabilistic quantum state preparation scheme is proposed. Any two user nodes in the network do not share entangled states with each other, but they can establish entanglement through entanglement exchange technology, and then construct quantum channels. A series of operations such as special unitary matrix, single particle measurement and so on are carried out, and the task of preparing arbitrary single particle states in one direction and two directions is successfully realized with certain probability.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：四川師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：O413;TN918

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本文編號(hào)：1594584