【摘要】：正如存款人有“存款自愿,取款自由”的權利,投保人也有“投保自愿,退保自由”的權利。但是退保無論對保險公司還是投保人來說都會造成不小的影響。對保險人來說,會影響保險公司的資產(chǎn)負債結構和償付能力,影響其預期利潤,更可能帶來很大的聲譽風險。對投保人來說,中途退保會使其失去保險保障功能,影響投保人的長期理財規(guī)劃。在2012年召開的全國保險監(jiān)管工作會議上,保監(jiān)會發(fā)文確定要防范的五類風險,其中最首要的便是退保風險。雖然目前退保還沒有影響到壽險公司的正常經(jīng)營,但是壽險公司的險種主要的是長期性險種,提高保單的持續(xù)性對于壽險公司的穩(wěn)健經(jīng)營起著非常重要的作用,退保率的增高會危害到公司的正常運營,因此研究退保的原因并據(jù)此給出相關的建議,對于壽險公司說來是有著一定的現(xiàn)實意義的。 本文共分為五個部分： 第一部分為導論。首先介紹了退保的含義,使得大家對退保有一個比較清晰的認識,并給出了研究的背景和意義；然后為本文的文獻綜述,首先介紹了國外對退保的研究現(xiàn)狀,從計量經(jīng)濟學、保險經(jīng)濟學以及期權定價三個方面介紹了國外研究退保的現(xiàn)狀,然后介紹了國內對退保的研究現(xiàn)狀,主要從定性和定量兩個方面進行分析；最后介紹了本文的研究思路和結構以及貢獻與不足。 第二部分為我國目前的退保現(xiàn)狀的介紹。第一節(jié)介紹了退保率的概念,并給出了本文中退保率的計算方法；第二節(jié)為中國壽險行業(yè)退�，F(xiàn)狀的總體特征,我國壽險業(yè)從1983-2011年共經(jīng)歷了三次比較高的退保率時期；第三節(jié)介紹了中外資壽險公司的退�，F(xiàn)狀,外資壽險公司的退�，F(xiàn)狀要好于中資壽險公司；第四節(jié)為我國壽險退保的行業(yè)特征,以中國人壽、中國平安、太平洋人壽、泰康人壽以及新華人壽這五家市場占有率最高的壽險公司為研究對象。 第三部分為退保帶來的危害。第一節(jié)詳細分析了退保給壽險公司帶來危害,其主要有以下幾方面,分別是影響公司資產(chǎn)和負債的匹配、影響公司的投資收益、使保險經(jīng)營不滿足大數(shù)法則的要求、失去規(guī)模效應、影響壽險產(chǎn)品定價、增加公司的經(jīng)營成本、增加逆向選擇、對壽險公司人員的穩(wěn)定不理以及影響壽險公司在公眾中的形象；第二節(jié)分析了退保會給客戶帶來的危害,其危害有三,即使客戶遭受經(jīng)濟損失、退保后如果想再次投保可能會被拒絕、退保后使得被保險人失去了應有的保險保障；第三節(jié)分析了退保對金融系統(tǒng)的危害,一般性少量的退保對金融系統(tǒng)沒有什么影響,但是退保數(shù)量增多會嚴重的影響到金融系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定,并且以日本作為例子分析了退保對金融系統(tǒng)的損害。 第四部分為我國壽險業(yè)退保的原因。從宏觀環(huán)境、壽險市場、壽險公司、投保人四個角度對壽險公司的退保行為進行了詳細分析。第一節(jié)是從宏觀市場的角度來看退保,將宏觀因素分為利率風險、失業(yè)率風險以及輿論風險,其中利率主要是通過替代效應影響退保,輿論風險在影響客戶的退保行為方面扮演了越來越重要的作用；第二節(jié)從壽險市場角度看退保,認為壽險公司誠信缺失、保險中介誠信缺失、壽險市場競爭加劇、壽險產(chǎn)品的多樣性增加以及保險市場的法制環(huán)境是影響客戶退保的主要因素；第三節(jié)從壽險公司的角度來看待退保,認為壽險公司落后的經(jīng)營理念、壽險公司的服務和信譽、壽險公司銷售的產(chǎn)品結構以及壽險公司的分紅率低是客戶退保的主要因素；第四節(jié)是從投保人的角度來分析客戶退保的原因,認為投保人的經(jīng)濟情況發(fā)生變化、投保人對于壽險產(chǎn)品有著過高的期望、投保人缺乏保險意識、購買保險后對保險公司的服務和產(chǎn)品不滿意是導致投保人退保的主要原因； 第五部為解決退保問題的對策建議。經(jīng)過對退保原因的分析本文認為壽險公司是退保的最大利益相關方,所以解決退保問題應該從壽險公司以及整個壽險行業(yè)出發(fā),本文給出了解決退保問題的八項對策建議,分別是轉換經(jīng)營理念,提高經(jīng)營管理水平、提高客戶服務質量、加大保險宣傳、加強保險代理營銷體系建設、提高保險公司資產(chǎn)管理水平、優(yōu)化險種結構,加強產(chǎn)品管理、加強保險誠信體系建設、加強保險業(yè)信息化管理系統(tǒng)建設。 本文采用了如下幾種研究方法：一是文獻研究法。在寫作過程中最大可能的收集了國內外學者關于退保的相關文獻資料以及退保的新聞,從中獲取了許多重要的數(shù)據(jù)和觀點作為本文的研究支撐；二是定性與定量相結合的研究方法。本文退保的原因進行了定性的描述,同時也采用了必要的統(tǒng)計數(shù)據(jù)來研究退保。 本論文的貢獻：從宏觀環(huán)境、壽險行業(yè)、壽險公司以及投保人四個方面系統(tǒng)的詳細分析了退保的原因,并且從上面的分析中知道了壽險公司和壽險行業(yè)在解決退保問題中處于一個舉足輕重的地位,最后對解決退保問題提出了一些自己的看法和建議,希望可以對我國壽險業(yè)的發(fā)展做出有價值的探索。 本論文的不足：1、本論文實證研究不足,較多的運用二手資料進行分析和邏輯推理,在一定程度上影響了本研究的論證力度；2、研究的深度不夠,在研究中由于涉及的內容較廣,對很多內容例如中外壽險業(yè)退保情況比較、退保中的信息不對稱沒有深入的研究下去。
[Abstract]:As the depositors have the right to "Free deposit, free withdrawal", the policy-holder also has the right to "to insure the freedom of the voluntary and withdrawal of the insurance". But it will have a great impact on both the insurance company and the policy-holder. In the case of the insurer, the asset-liability structure and the solvency of the insurance company can be affected, the expected profit of the insurer is affected, and it is more likely to bring a great reputation risk. In the case of the policy-holder, it will lose the insurance protection function and influence the long-term financial planning of the policy-holder. At the National Insurance Regulatory Work Conference, held in 2012, the CIRC sent a document to identify five types of risks to be protected, the first of which is the risk of withdrawal. Although the current withdrawal has not affected the normal operation of the life insurance company, the risk of life insurance company is the long-term risk, and the persistence of the insurance policy plays a very important role in the steady operation of the life insurance company, and the increase of the withdrawal rate will endanger the normal operation of the company. Therefore, it is of practical significance for life insurance companies to study the reasons of the withdrawal and to give relevant suggestions accordingly. The paper is divided into five parts. Sub-section: Part I In the first part, the meaning of the withdrawal is introduced, so that there is a clear understanding of the withdrawal, and the background and significance of the study are given. In the three aspects of economics, insurance economics and option pricing, the paper introduces the status quo of overseas research and withdrawal, and then introduces the status of the research on the withdrawal of insurance in China, mainly from the two aspects of qualitative and quantitative analysis, and finally introduces the thought and structure and contribution of this paper. The second part is the current withdrawal of our country In the first section, the concept of the withdrawal rate is introduced, and the calculation method of the withdrawal rate in this paper is given. The second section is the overall characteristic of the status of the withdrawal of the life insurance industry in China, and the life insurance industry of China has experienced three times higher from 1983 to 2011. The third section introduces the status quo of the withdrawal and insurance of the foreign-funded life insurance company, and the status of the foreign-funded life insurance company is better than that of the Chinese-funded life insurance company; and the fourth section is the industry characteristic of the insurance of the life insurance in China, which is based on China Life and China's safety, Pacific Life, Taikang Life and New China Life, the five life-insurance companies with the highest market share for the study object. The third part is In the first section, the harm to the life insurance company is analyzed in detail in the first section, which mainly includes the following aspects: the matching of the assets and liabilities of the Company and the investment income of the Company, so that the insurance management does not meet the requirements of the law of the large number, and the scale effect and the shadow are lost. In response to the pricing of life insurance products, the operation cost of the company is increased, the reverse selection is increased, the stability of the life insurance company personnel is ignored, and the image of the life insurance company in the public is affected; and the second section analyzes the harm caused by the return and guarantee to the customer, and the hazard is three, even if the guest If the household is subject to economic loss, if it is to be re-insured, if it is to be re-insured, the insured will lose the due safety guarantee; and the third section analyzes the damage to the financial system, and the general small amount of the withdrawal and protection to the financial system There is no effect on the system, but the increase in the amount of withdrawal will have a serious impact on the stability of the financial system, and the case of Japan as an example The damage to the financial system. Part four is divided into me The reason of the country's life insurance. From the macro-environment, the life insurance market, the life insurance company, the policy-holder four angles to the life insurance company's withdrawal The first section is from the perspective of the macro market, which divides the macro-factors into the interest rate risk, the unemployment risk and the public opinion risk. The second section, from the perspective of life insurance market, thinks that the credit of life insurance company is missing, the credit of insurance intermediary is missing, the market competition of life insurance is increased, the diversity of life insurance products is increased, and the legal environment of the insurance market is affected The third section, from the perspective of the life insurance company, regards the return of the life insurance company, and holds that the operation concept behind the life insurance company, the service and the reputation of the life insurance company, the product structure of the life insurance company and the low dividend rate of the life insurance company are low. The fourth section is to analyze the reason of the customer's withdrawal from the policy-holder's point of view, and think that the policy-holder's economic situation is changed, and the policy-holder has too high expectations for life insurance products. The policy-holder is not aware of the insurance, and the service and product dissatisfaction of the insurance company after the purchase of the insurance are caused by the investment The main cause of the grantor's withdrawal; the fifth is After the analysis of the reason of the withdrawal, the author holds that the life insurance company is the best interest-related party, so it should be taken from the life insurance company and the whole life insurance industry, and the eight countermeasures to solve the problem of withdrawal and guarantee are given in this paper. The discussion is to change the management idea, to improve the management level, to improve the quality of customer service, to increase insurance publicity, to strengthen the construction of the insurance agent marketing system, to improve the asset management level of the insurance company, to optimize the insurance structure and to strengthen the product management. Strengthen the construction of the insurance credit system and strengthen the insurance The construction of the information management system of the insurance industry is as follows: In the process of writing, it is possible to collect the relevant documents of the domestic and foreign scholars about the withdrawal and the news of the withdrawal, from which many important data and views have been obtained as the research support of this paper, and the other is the second. The study of the combination of qualitative and quantitative methods. The reasons for the withdrawal of this paper are described qualitatively, and at the same time, it is also used. The paper's contribution: from the macroscopic environment, the life insurance industry, the life insurance company and the policy-holder's four aspects, the reason of the withdrawal is analyzed in detail, and from the above analysis, the life insurance company and the life insurance industry are solved. It is a very important position in the question of security, and in the end, some suggestions and suggestions are put forward to solve the problem of withdrawal, and I hope that I can do it to me The development of the country's life insurance industry has made a valuable exploration. The deficiency of this paper is:1. The empirical research of this paper is not enough, more of the second-hand information is used for analysis and logical reasoning, and the demonstration of this research is affected to a certain extent. Not enough, in the research, because of the wide content of the content, to many of the content, such as the Chinese and foreign life insurance, the situation is compared, the return
【學位授予單位】：西南財經(jīng)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F842.62

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