【摘要】：按照公認的國際標準，我國已經(jīng)進入了人口老齡化社會，且人口老齡化發(fā)展態(tài)勢異常嚴峻。與此同時，城鄉(xiāng)人口老齡化程度嚴重倒置，即相對于城市，我國農(nóng)村人口老齡化形勢更加嚴峻。截至2009年底，農(nóng)村人口老齡化程度是城市的2.3倍�？傮w來看，，我國農(nóng)村人口老齡化在2011-2060年間經(jīng)歷快速發(fā)展、高速攀升和持續(xù)高位運行的階段。然而，由于農(nóng)村集體保障水平偏低，農(nóng)民養(yǎng)老迫切需要向社會養(yǎng)老模式轉(zhuǎn)變。因此，建立新型農(nóng)村社會養(yǎng)老保險（以下簡稱新農(nóng)保）制度并得到有效運行就顯得尤為重要。 本研究采用理論和實際工作相結(jié)合的方法，采取資料分析和隨機問卷的方式，結(jié)合日照市東港區(qū)新農(nóng)保的實施現(xiàn)狀，對東港區(qū)新農(nóng)保政策落實情況及實施效果以及東港區(qū)新農(nóng)保創(chuàng)新做法進行了研究。通過東港區(qū)近年來新農(nóng)保的實施情況可以看出，東港區(qū)對于新農(nóng)保政策的實施展現(xiàn)了極大的熱情，將其作為最重要的民生工程，加強組織領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，統(tǒng)籌推進，取得顯著成效。截至2013年，已實現(xiàn)參保全面化，覆蓋范圍包括郊區(qū)農(nóng)民、失地農(nóng)民及進城務(wù)工農(nóng)民。但在新農(nóng)保推進過程中也發(fā)現(xiàn)一些問題，如部分低收入鄉(xiāng)鎮(zhèn)的農(nóng)民持續(xù)繳費可能出現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟困難，個人繳費“捆綁”制的副作用，遠期通脹導(dǎo)致農(nóng)民對將來養(yǎng)老金購買力的擔憂，部分農(nóng)民選擇最低保費標準、難以充分保障老年生活等。 為更好推動農(nóng)村社會養(yǎng)老保險順利實施，實現(xiàn)農(nóng)民老有所養(yǎng)，對上述存在的問題，要結(jié)合東港區(qū)的具體情況，采取相應(yīng)措施：一是要進一步加大宣傳力度，積極引導(dǎo)農(nóng)民提高素質(zhì)，增強參保意識；二是要不斷增加政府投入，通過財政補貼、設(shè)立養(yǎng)老金保障基金、建立統(tǒng)一的城鄉(xiāng)居民基本養(yǎng)老保險制度等解決制度缺陷；三是要加強基層平臺建設(shè)，解決基層平臺經(jīng)辦力量薄弱問題；四是千方百計增加農(nóng)民收入，提高農(nóng)民繳費標準等。認真解決新農(nóng)保現(xiàn)存問題，才能使其能夠不斷適應(yīng)社會經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展，并具有可持續(xù)性。
[Abstract]:According to the accepted international standards, China has entered an aging society, and the development of population aging is extremely severe. At the same time, the aging degree of urban and rural population is reversed seriously, that is, the aging situation of rural population in China is more severe than that in urban areas. By the end of 2009, the aging of the rural population was 2.3 times that of the urban population. In general, the aging of rural population in China experienced a period of rapid development, rapid growth and sustained high running in 2011-2060. However, due to the low level of collective security in rural areas, farmers urgently need to change to social pension model. Therefore, it is very important to set up the new rural social endowment insurance (hereinafter referred to as the new rural insurance) system and get the effective operation. This study adopts the method of combining theory with practice, adopts the method of data analysis and random questionnaire, and combines the present situation of the implementation of new rural insurance in Donggang District of Rizhao City. The implementation and effect of the new rural insurance policy in Donggang district and the innovative practices of the new rural insurance policy in Donggang district were studied. Through the implementation of New Rural Insurance in Donggang District in recent years, we can see that Donggang District has shown great enthusiasm for the implementation of New Rural Insurance Policy, which is regarded as the most important livelihood project, strengthening organization and leadership, as a whole, and achieving remarkable results. By 2013, full coverage had been achieved, covering suburban farmers, landless farmers and migrant workers. However, some problems have also been found in the process of promoting new rural insurance. For example, the continued payment of fees by farmers in some low-income villages and towns may have economic difficulties, the side effects of the "bundling" system of individual payments, and the long-term inflation causing farmers to worry about the purchasing power of future pensions. Some farmers choose the minimum premium standard, it is difficult to fully protect the elderly life and so on. In order to better promote the smooth implementation of social endowment insurance in rural areas and to achieve a sense of security for farmers, we should take appropriate measures to solve the above problems in light of the specific conditions in Donggang District: first, we should further step up publicity efforts. Actively guide farmers to improve their quality and enhance their awareness of participating in insurance; Second, it is necessary to continuously increase government investment, through financial subsidies, the establishment of pension protection fund, the establishment of a unified basic old-age insurance system for urban and rural residents, and other institutional defects; Third, it is necessary to strengthen the construction of grass-roots platforms, to solve the problem of weak operational strength of grass-roots platforms, and fourth, to do everything possible to increase farmers' income and raise the standard of peasants' payment of fees and so on. Only by seriously solving the existing problems, can the new rural insurance be able to adapt to the development of social economy and be sustainable.
【學位授予單位】：曲阜師范大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F842.67;F323.89

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