【摘要】：工傷保險的實施目的是保障勞動者合法權(quán)益、分散工傷風(fēng)險、加強企業(yè)安全生產(chǎn)和維護社會穩(wěn)定。 我國的工傷保險誕生于20世紀中期,1951年2月,我國頒發(fā)了《中華人民共和國勞動保險條例》,內(nèi)容涵蓋了工傷、死亡遺屬補償?shù)?這是我國第一部囊括社會保險在內(nèi)的全國性統(tǒng)一法規(guī),也是社會保險制度在中國開始實施的起點。然而直到2003年國務(wù)院《工傷保險條例》的頒布,工傷保險工作在我國才迅速發(fā)展,工傷保險作為社會保障體系的重要組成部分,才得到真正的重視。 黑龍江省工傷保險真正開始于20世紀90年代初,1992年綏棱縣、牡丹江市等十幾個市縣,先后開展試點工作,在試點中,初步確立了工傷保險的具體管理程序、管理體制和工作機構(gòu),奠定了黑龍江省工傷保險制度改革的基礎(chǔ)。2003年黑龍江省結(jié)合本省實際,并以《工傷保險條例》為依據(jù)出臺了《黑龍江省貫徹工傷保險條例若干規(guī)定》。 為探究工傷保險在黑龍江省的實施情況,本文對近年來黑龍江省工傷保險發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀進行梳理發(fā)現(xiàn),在2002年以1603.1萬從業(yè)人數(shù)為基數(shù),參加工傷保險的人數(shù)有119萬人,工傷險參保率是7.42%,享受工傷待遇的有0.9萬人；到2012年底以2027.8萬從業(yè)人數(shù)為基數(shù),參加工傷保險的人數(shù)有470.6萬人,工傷保險的參保率為23.21%,享受工傷待遇的有6.8萬人,從縱向上來看,黑龍江省工傷保險工作取得了一定成果。然而對工傷保險發(fā)展狀況以及并對黑龍江省部分縣市從業(yè)人員參加工傷保險情況調(diào)查分析發(fā)現(xiàn),黑龍江省工傷保險還存在諸如參保率不高,工傷保險基金結(jié)余過多,基金統(tǒng)籌層次不高,工傷預(yù)防重視不足沒能充分發(fā)揮事故預(yù)防功能等問題。為解決黑龍江省工傷保險存在的問題,選取工傷保險開展相對較好的北京市、廣東省作為參照對象,歸納總結(jié)出京粵的有益實踐進行借鑒,然后結(jié)合黑龍江省實際情況針對黑龍江省存在的問題,提出完善工傷保險制度的對策建議,加快建立以工傷預(yù)防、工傷康復(fù)及工傷救治與補償為支柱的現(xiàn)代意義上的工傷保險制度,以便更好地發(fā)揮工傷保險作用,促進黑龍江省經(jīng)濟又好又快發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:The purpose of industrial injury insurance is to protect the legitimate rights and interests of workers, to disperse the risk of industrial injury, to strengthen the safety of production and to maintain social stability. The industrial injury insurance of our country was born in the middle of the 20th century. In February 1951, our country issued the "regulations of the people's Republic of China on Labor Insurance", which covered injuries at work, compensation for survivors of death, etc. This is the first national uniform law including social insurance and the starting point of social insurance system in China. However, with the promulgation of the regulations of the State Council on Industrial injury Insurance in 2003, the work of industrial injury insurance has not developed rapidly in China. As an important part of the social security system, industrial injury insurance has not been really paid attention to. In Heilongjiang Province, industrial injury insurance really began in the early 1990s. In 1992, more than a dozen cities and counties, such as Suilun County and Mudanjiang City, carried out pilot work, in which the specific management procedures for industrial injury insurance were preliminarily established. The management system and working organization have laid the foundation for the reform of the industrial injury insurance system in Heilongjiang Province. In 2003, Heilongjiang Province, combined with the actual situation of the province, and based on the "regulations on Industrial injury Insurance", issued the "implementation of several provisions of the regulations on Industrial injury Insurance in Heilongjiang Province". In order to explore the implementation of industrial injury insurance in Heilongjiang Province, this paper reviews the development of industrial injury insurance in Heilongjiang Province in recent years and finds that in 2002, 1.19 million people participated in industrial injury insurance based on 16.031 million employees. The insurance rate of work-related injury insurance is 7.42 and 9000 people enjoy industrial injury treatment. By the end of 2012, based on 20.278 million employees, 4.706 million people had participated in industrial injury insurance, the insurance rate of industrial injury insurance was 23.21, and 68000 people enjoyed work-related injury treatment. From a vertical point of view, Heilongjiang Province inductrial injury insurance work has made certain achievements. However, through the investigation and analysis of the development of industrial injury insurance and the participation of employees in some counties and cities of Heilongjiang Province, it is found that there are still some problems in Heilongjiang's industrial injury insurance, such as low participation rate and excessive fund balance of industrial injury insurance. Fund planning level is not high, work injury prevention attention is not enough to give full play to the function of accident prevention and so on. In order to solve the problems existing in industrial injury insurance in Heilongjiang Province, the author selects the relatively good industrial injury insurance in Beijing and Guangdong Province as the reference object, and sums up the beneficial practice of Beijing and Guangdong for reference. Then, in view of the problems existing in Heilongjiang Province in light of the actual situation in Heilongjiang Province, it puts forward countermeasures and suggestions to improve the industrial injury insurance system and speed up the establishment of the prevention of injuries at work. The industrial injury insurance system in the modern sense is the pillar of industrial injury rehabilitation and treatment and compensation in order to play a better role in industrial injury insurance and promote the sound and rapid development of Heilongjiang economy.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F842.616

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