由“東日本大地震”引發(fā)的對中國地震保險的思考
發(fā)布時間：2018-09-19 05:49
【摘要】：近年來地震災(zāi)害給全世界人民帶來了巨大的災(zāi)難,在地震中傷亡的人數(shù)和損失的財產(chǎn)不計其數(shù),其造成的經(jīng)濟損失也是難以估量的。在損失嚴(yán)重的地震面前,如果僅僅依靠政府來救災(zāi)顯然并不可能。地震保險具有分散風(fēng)險的功能和經(jīng)濟補償?shù)墓δ?因此地震保險在地震災(zāi)害中發(fā)揮的作用應(yīng)該受到重視。從古至今只要發(fā)生地震災(zāi)害就一定會給人們帶來巨大的災(zāi)難,中國也是全球地震發(fā)生次數(shù)較多的國家,由于中國恰好處于環(huán)太平洋地震帶上,因此地震給中國造成了難以估量的經(jīng)濟損失。因為中國的巨災(zāi)風(fēng)險管理主要是在計劃經(jīng)濟體制上發(fā)展起來的,所以巨災(zāi)發(fā)生后生活設(shè)備的恢復(fù)主要依靠政府財政撥款和社會捐款、捐物。但是對于一般的民眾由地震造成的經(jīng)濟損失通常采取“聽天由命”的方式。汶川大地震的發(fā)生凸顯了中國地震風(fēng)險補償機制的不足,也加快了中國經(jīng)濟社會對地震保險需求的緊迫感。東日本大地震的發(fā)生給日本造成了巨大的災(zāi)難,由于核泄漏引發(fā)的環(huán)境污染也給世界各國帶來了重重危機。面對國難日本地震保險以及再保險制度在地震巨災(zāi)中所發(fā)揮的分散風(fēng)險能力也起到了減輕地震損失的強大作用,因此,保險在地震災(zāi)害中應(yīng)該受到廣大人民群眾的重視。日本在《地震保險法》中要求地震保險是由商業(yè)保險公司和政府共同參與的,并且對于經(jīng)營地震保險的保險公司政府給予政策上的支持和相應(yīng)的稅收減免優(yōu)惠措施,通過這種方式保證了商業(yè)保險公司對于承保地震風(fēng)險的積極性。文章基于對目前中國地震保險的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀和存在問題的分析,借鑒了日本在大地震中的一系列措施,通過對我國地震保險開展的必要性和可行性進行分析,提出了適合我國基本國情的地震保險對策措施,即建立專門的地震保險法律；采取政府和商業(yè)保險公司共同參與的模式；設(shè)立地震保險的專項基金：增強公眾的地震保險意識等等。
[Abstract]:In recent years, earthquake disaster has brought great disaster to people all over the world. The number of casualties and property lost in the earthquake is innumerable, and the economic loss caused by it is also incalculable. In the face of a devastating earthquake, it is clear that it is not possible to rely solely on the government for disaster relief. Earthquake insurance has the function of dispersing risk and economic compensation, so the function of earthquake insurance in earthquake disaster should be paid more attention to. As long as earthquake disasters occur from ancient times to the present, they will surely bring huge disasters to people. China is also the country with more earthquakes in the world, because China happens to be on the Pacific Rim seismic belt. As a result, the earthquake caused incalculable economic losses to China. Because China's catastrophe risk management is mainly developed in the planned economic system, the recovery of living equipment after catastrophe mainly depends on government financial allocations and social donations. But the economic losses caused by earthquakes are often "resigned" to ordinary people. The occurrence of Wenchuan earthquake highlights the deficiency of earthquake risk compensation mechanism in China and accelerates the sense of urgency of China's economic and social demand for earthquake insurance. The East Japan earthquake caused a great disaster to Japan, and the environmental pollution caused by nuclear leakage also brought a lot of crisis to the countries all over the world. In the face of the national disaster, Japan earthquake insurance and reinsurance system play a strong role in mitigating the earthquake losses. Therefore, the insurance should be paid more attention by the people in the earthquake disaster. In the earthquake Insurance Law, Japan requires that earthquake insurance be jointly participated by commercial insurance companies and the government, and that the government give policy support and corresponding tax relief and preferential measures to the insurance companies operating earthquake insurance. In this way, the commercial insurance companies to insure against earthquake risk enthusiasm. Based on the analysis of the current situation and existing problems of earthquake insurance in China, this paper draws lessons from a series of measures of Japan in the earthquake, and analyzes the necessity and feasibility of earthquake insurance in China. The countermeasures of earthquake insurance suitable for the basic situation of our country are put forward, that is, the establishment of special earthquake insurance laws, the adoption of the mode of joint participation of the government and commercial insurance companies, and the establishment of special earthquake insurance laws. The establishment of earthquake insurance fund: to enhance public awareness of earthquake insurance, and so on.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：F842.64
本文編號：2249228
[Abstract]:In recent years, earthquake disaster has brought great disaster to people all over the world. The number of casualties and property lost in the earthquake is innumerable, and the economic loss caused by it is also incalculable. In the face of a devastating earthquake, it is clear that it is not possible to rely solely on the government for disaster relief. Earthquake insurance has the function of dispersing risk and economic compensation, so the function of earthquake insurance in earthquake disaster should be paid more attention to. As long as earthquake disasters occur from ancient times to the present, they will surely bring huge disasters to people. China is also the country with more earthquakes in the world, because China happens to be on the Pacific Rim seismic belt. As a result, the earthquake caused incalculable economic losses to China. Because China's catastrophe risk management is mainly developed in the planned economic system, the recovery of living equipment after catastrophe mainly depends on government financial allocations and social donations. But the economic losses caused by earthquakes are often "resigned" to ordinary people. The occurrence of Wenchuan earthquake highlights the deficiency of earthquake risk compensation mechanism in China and accelerates the sense of urgency of China's economic and social demand for earthquake insurance. The East Japan earthquake caused a great disaster to Japan, and the environmental pollution caused by nuclear leakage also brought a lot of crisis to the countries all over the world. In the face of the national disaster, Japan earthquake insurance and reinsurance system play a strong role in mitigating the earthquake losses. Therefore, the insurance should be paid more attention by the people in the earthquake disaster. In the earthquake Insurance Law, Japan requires that earthquake insurance be jointly participated by commercial insurance companies and the government, and that the government give policy support and corresponding tax relief and preferential measures to the insurance companies operating earthquake insurance. In this way, the commercial insurance companies to insure against earthquake risk enthusiasm. Based on the analysis of the current situation and existing problems of earthquake insurance in China, this paper draws lessons from a series of measures of Japan in the earthquake, and analyzes the necessity and feasibility of earthquake insurance in China. The countermeasures of earthquake insurance suitable for the basic situation of our country are put forward, that is, the establishment of special earthquake insurance laws, the adoption of the mode of joint participation of the government and commercial insurance companies, and the establishment of special earthquake insurance laws. The establishment of earthquake insurance fund: to enhance public awareness of earthquake insurance, and so on.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：F842.64
【參考文獻】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前3條
1 江瑞平;;東日本大地震對日本經(jīng)濟的深廣影響[J];日本學(xué)刊;2011年04期
2 郝偉;蔡正華;薛若楠;;從突發(fā)事件的處理看中國新聞發(fā)言人制度[J];今傳媒;2010年10期
3 孫蓉;張劍;;中國特色地震風(fēng)險處置機制的構(gòu)建[J];西南金融;2008年06期
，本文編號：2249228
本文鏈接：http://sikaile.net/jingjilunwen/bxjjlw/2249228.html
最近更新
教材專著
