發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-06-04 03:12

  本文選題：保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)率 + 貿(mào)易風(fēng)險(xiǎn)��； 參考：《安徽大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：出口信用保險(xiǎn)從概念上來(lái)講,它是一種政策性的保險(xiǎn)業(yè)務(wù),不是以盈利為目的的,國(guó)家政府財(cái)政給出口信用保險(xiǎn)給予了很大的支持,為出口信用保險(xiǎn)設(shè)立了專門了保險(xiǎn)準(zhǔn)備金,在出口貿(mào)易等國(guó)際貿(mào)易活動(dòng)過(guò)程中為企業(yè)規(guī)避風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和融資支持。它是一個(gè)非常重要的經(jīng)濟(jì)領(lǐng)域,這個(gè)領(lǐng)域里國(guó)際貿(mào)易與國(guó)際金融交叉在一起,它能夠規(guī)避外貿(mào)企業(yè)在國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易過(guò)程中可能面臨的風(fēng)險(xiǎn),開拓全球市場(chǎng)。我國(guó)出口信用保險(xiǎn)雖然起步比較晚,然而在許多年的發(fā)展,它的職能漸漸完善,逐漸顯現(xiàn)它對(duì)出口貿(mào)易的作用效果。我們?cè)诳偨Y(jié)以往實(shí)踐經(jīng)歷基礎(chǔ)上,得出雖然我國(guó)出口信用保險(xiǎn)業(yè)務(wù)有了很大提升,但是,如果一和發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家比的話,差距立刻顯了出來(lái)。在現(xiàn)在的國(guó)際經(jīng)濟(jì)境況下,在西歐國(guó)家,出口信用保險(xiǎn)滲透率大概為20%、25%,其中有些國(guó)家像法國(guó)為34%,有著很高的滲透率。在中國(guó)的話,僅僅只有10%,投保的企業(yè)竟然還不到出口企業(yè)的8%,這種不正常的情況,和我國(guó)每年快速增長(zhǎng)的國(guó)際貿(mào)易形式形成強(qiáng)烈的反差。為了使出口信用保險(xiǎn)能夠更好地規(guī)避風(fēng)險(xiǎn),進(jìn)一步推進(jìn)我國(guó)的出口貿(mào)易,充分體現(xiàn)其政策性,還有相當(dāng)長(zhǎng)的一段路要走,因此對(duì)出口信用保險(xiǎn)規(guī)避外貿(mào)企業(yè)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的研究就很有現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。 本文以出口信用保險(xiǎn)規(guī)避外貿(mào)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)為主題,采用文獻(xiàn)研究法和案例分析法相結(jié)合的方法進(jìn)行研究。首先是對(duì)出口信用保險(xiǎn)的概念界定,闡述了信用的定義,講述其定義、特點(diǎn)以及它的種類。然后介紹它在我國(guó)的發(fā)展情況,同時(shí)對(duì)一些主要國(guó)家出口信用保險(xiǎn)的情況進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)單地介紹。之后詳細(xì)敘述我國(guó)出口企業(yè)利用出口信用保險(xiǎn)可規(guī)避風(fēng)險(xiǎn)種類,包括政治風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和商業(yè)風(fēng)險(xiǎn),并在此基礎(chǔ)上,運(yùn)用案例分析法闡述出口信用保險(xiǎn)在規(guī)避風(fēng)險(xiǎn)促進(jìn)貿(mào)易方面的數(shù)據(jù)表現(xiàn)和實(shí)際運(yùn)用。再然后,分析我國(guó)出口企業(yè)利用信保來(lái)規(guī)避風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的運(yùn)用情況,是本論文的重點(diǎn),從規(guī)避收匯風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、匯率風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、資金風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、經(jīng)營(yíng)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和建立預(yù)警機(jī)制等方面詳細(xì)地分析。之后對(duì)我國(guó)運(yùn)用出口信用保險(xiǎn)規(guī)避風(fēng)險(xiǎn)時(shí)存在的問題進(jìn)行了分析,主要將問題分析為：不規(guī)范的經(jīng)營(yíng)和管理體質(zhì)；我國(guó)出口信用保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)率偏高、承保方式不靈活；我國(guó)出口企業(yè)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)防范意識(shí)薄弱,投保意識(shí)差；法律不健全,并同時(shí)附上本文作者在安徽省天羽羽絨公司管理調(diào)研的實(shí)際情況。最后為更好地發(fā)揮出口信用保險(xiǎn)規(guī)避風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的最用,從企業(yè)、出口信用保險(xiǎn)機(jī)構(gòu)及出口企業(yè)三個(gè)方面提出相關(guān)對(duì)策。分析為政府方面：政府構(gòu)建信息共享平臺(tái),如建設(shè)和完善信息平臺(tái)暢通信息渠道；加強(qiáng)我國(guó)出口信用保險(xiǎn)的體制建設(shè)；讓我國(guó)政府更好地扶助出口信保。而對(duì)于出口信用保險(xiǎn)機(jī)構(gòu)的話,可以通過(guò)建立信保經(jīng)營(yíng)、管理機(jī)制,降低費(fèi)率,承保方式靈活化,簡(jiǎn)化手續(xù),降低成本,引導(dǎo)企業(yè)經(jīng)營(yíng)。出口企業(yè)方面降低投保成本,增強(qiáng)信用風(fēng)險(xiǎn)管理意識(shí),通過(guò)利用出口商協(xié)會(huì),共同防范出口信用風(fēng)險(xiǎn),之后又從擴(kuò)大出口信用保險(xiǎn)的服務(wù)網(wǎng)站,加強(qiáng)銀保合作,提升保險(xiǎn)融資能力方面提升出口信用保險(xiǎn)的服務(wù)功能。 出口信用保險(xiǎn)業(yè)務(wù)在我國(guó)已經(jīng)開展很多年了,在促進(jìn)我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易發(fā)展方面一直扮演著很重要的角色,在經(jīng)過(guò)多年之后,我國(guó)出口信用保險(xiǎn)業(yè)務(wù)得到了發(fā)展,但是一旦和發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)際比較的話,問題是存在著的,比較劣勢(shì)仍然是存在著的,其承保規(guī)模較低。這也讓我們看到出口信用保險(xiǎn)在我國(guó)還是很有發(fā)展前景的,發(fā)展?jié)摿�是比較大的。如何運(yùn)用信保規(guī)避風(fēng)險(xiǎn),為國(guó)際貿(mào)易鋪平道路,是我們面臨地主要現(xiàn)實(shí)問題。本文著眼于出口信用保險(xiǎn)的規(guī)避風(fēng)險(xiǎn)功能,結(jié)合我國(guó)部分企業(yè)貿(mào)易實(shí)際,提出問題并解決問題。
[Abstract]:In concept, export credit insurance is a policy insurance business, not for the purpose of profit. The national government finance gives great support to export credit insurance. It sets up special insurance reserve for export credit insurance. It avoids risk and financing for enterprises in the process of export trade and other international trade activities. It is a very important economic field. In this field, international trade and international finance are intersecting together. It can avoid the risks that foreign trade enterprises may face in the process of international economic and trade, and open up the global market. Although China's export credit insurance is relatively late, its function is gradually improved in many years. The effect of its effect on export trade is gradually revealed. On the basis of the previous experience, we have concluded that although China's export credit insurance business has been greatly improved, the gap is immediately apparent if one is compared with the developed countries. In the current international economic situation, the penetration of export credit insurance in Western European countries is likely to be permeable. For 20%, 25%, some countries like France are 34%, with a high permeability. In China, only 10%, the insured enterprises are not yet 8% of the export enterprises. This abnormal situation forms a strong contrast with our country's rapid growth of international trade every year. In order to make the export credit insurance better avoid the risk. To further promote China's export trade and fully reflect its policy, there is still a long way to go. Therefore, the study of export credit insurance to avoid the risk of foreign trade enterprises is of great practical significance.
This article takes export credit insurance to avoid foreign trade risk as the theme, uses the method of combining literature research and case analysis. First, it defines the concept of export credit insurance, expounds the definition of credit, describes its definition, characteristics and its types. Then it introduces its development in China, and at the same time to some main points. The situation of the national export credit insurance is briefly introduced. After that, this paper describes in detail the types of risk avoidance of export credit insurance in China's export enterprises, including the political and commercial risks, and on this basis, the case analysis method is used to explain the data performance and practical application of export credit insurance in avoiding wind insurance and promoting trade. Then, it analyzes the use of credit insurance to avoid risks in China's export enterprises. It is the key point of this paper. It analyzes in detail from the aspects of avoiding foreign exchange rate, exchange rate risk, capital risk, operating risk and establishing early warning mechanism, and then analyzes the problems in the use of export credit insurance to avoid risks in China, which will be mainly analyzed. The problems are as follows: the unstandardized management and management of the constitution; the high rate of export credit insurance in China is high and the way of underwriting is inflexible; the risk prevention awareness of China's export enterprises is weak, the awareness of insurance is poor, the law is not sound, and the actual situation of the author's research on the management of the Tianyu down company in Anhui province is also attached. The use of volatile export credit insurance to avoid risk is the most useful, from three aspects of enterprises, export credit insurance institutions and export enterprises to put forward relevant countermeasures. Analysis for the government: the government to build information sharing platform, such as construction and improvement of information platform unblocked information channels; strengthen the system construction of China's export credit insurance; let the government better. In order to help export credit insurance, for export credit insurance institutions, we can prevent the export of credit insurance through the establishment of credit insurance management, management mechanism, reducing the rate, the flexibility of the underwriting mode, simplifying the formalities, reducing the cost, guiding the business operation, reducing the cost of insurance and strengthening the management consciousness of credit risk, and jointly preventing the export by using the exporter's Association. After the credit risk, the service function of export credit insurance is enhanced by strengthening the service website of export credit insurance, strengthening the cooperation of silver insurance and improving the ability of insurance financing.
Export credit insurance has been carried out for many years in China, and has been playing an important role in promoting the development of China's economic and trade. After years, China's export credit insurance business has been developed, but once compared with developed international, the problem is existing, and the comparative disadvantage is still existing. It also makes us see that the export credit insurance is still very promising in our country, and the potential of development is still relatively large. How to use credit insurance to avoid risk and pave the way for international trade is the main practical problem we face. This article focuses on the risk avoidance function of export credit insurance and combines some of our enterprises. Trade is practical, questions are raised and problems are solved.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：F842.682;F752.62;F272.3

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