本文選題：農業(yè)保險 + 五種力量模型　； 參考：《山東大學》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：農業(yè)生產(chǎn)是經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的基石,其可持續(xù)發(fā)展的步伐直接影響到整個社會經(jīng)濟的穩(wěn)定。從20世紀三、四十年代在我國出現(xiàn)的農業(yè)保險如今已成為保障農業(yè)經(jīng)濟的重要金融措施,經(jīng)歷了20世紀50年代的興起和停辦期、80年代的恢復試辦期、90年代的萎縮蕭條期和21世紀10年代的快速發(fā)展期。自2003年《中共中央關于完善社會主義市場經(jīng)濟體制若干問題的決定》中首次明確提出“探索建立政策性農業(yè)保險制度”至今,每年的《中央一號文件》都會對農業(yè)保險的政策制訂、實施提出相應的要求和指示。2013年3月1日作為引導中國農業(yè)保險健康發(fā)展的《農業(yè)保險條例》正式實施,明確了農業(yè)保險行業(yè)的管理及執(zhí)行框架。農業(yè)保險在國際上已經(jīng)成為保險保障體系中一個重要組成部分,在我國的實際運行中存在如下問題：關于農業(yè)保險的發(fā)展模式尚處于探索階段,無法支撐整個行業(yè)的有序、健康發(fā)展；二.農業(yè)保險的相關法律、法規(guī)的配套尚處于初級階段,“政出多門”造成了無法可依、無法可治、無權去治的現(xiàn)象；三.農業(yè)保險的風險主要集中在各農業(yè)保險公司,無法進行有效分散與對沖；四.農業(yè)保險補貼造成了農業(yè)保險公司的巨額盈利,無法真正、有效的實惠農戶；五.信息、數(shù)據(jù)的不對稱,和政策宣傳、執(zhí)行的力度等因素產(chǎn)生的道德風險無法杜絕,影響到農業(yè)保險的市場推廣等。本文從國內農業(yè)保險發(fā)展的歷程入手,對比國際農業(yè)保險發(fā)展的方式,對現(xiàn)階段我國農業(yè)保險的現(xiàn)狀進行分析；通過Mike porter的五種力量模型(作為政策性農業(yè)保險行業(yè),其發(fā)展受到政府、農業(yè)保險公司、相關從業(yè)人員、農戶、潛在競爭者、風險控制等多方面因素的影響)運用綜合模糊理論分析方法及相應的問卷調查結果,針對農業(yè)保險行業(yè)的實際情況深入分析各方的訴求,提出我國農業(yè)保險發(fā)展的政策建議。面對中國現(xiàn)有農業(yè)保險行業(yè)的發(fā)展態(tài)勢,在沒有明確的農業(yè)保險法規(guī)出臺之前,我國農業(yè)保險在短期內將繼續(xù)維持“以商養(yǎng)商”“風險自擔”“自負盈虧”的局面,但從長遠的角度,作為一項國家重要的關乎民生的重要戰(zhàn)略措施,中國農業(yè)保險未來的發(fā)展思路：應以農業(yè)保險立法為基礎,以信息建設為前提,以財政補貼和稅收政策為必要手段,以巨災準備基金為風險控制措施,以成立全國性的政策性農業(yè)保險公司為目標。本文在最后對成立全國性的政策性農業(yè)保險公司的必要性、成立的目的、職能、風險分散、再保險機制、以及風險控制等提出相應的建議,希望對農業(yè)保險在新經(jīng)濟時代的發(fā)展開拓一條創(chuàng)新之路。受限于農業(yè)保險相關數(shù)據(jù)的采集和對國家宏觀經(jīng)濟調控的理解,本文對農業(yè)保險的未來發(fā)展之路的分析和預測提出的更多的是方向和相應的運行措施,需要對政府、農戶、農業(yè)保險行業(yè)的投資者與從業(yè)人員的需求綜合衡量。特此提示。
[Abstract]:Agricultural production is the cornerstone of economic development, and its sustainable development has a direct impact on the stability of the whole society and economy. Since the emergence of agricultural insurance in China in the 1930s and 1940s, it has become an important financial measure to safeguard the agricultural economy. It has experienced the rise of the 1950s and the suspension period. The recovery trial period in the 1980s and the shrinking and depression period in the 1990s and the rapid development period in the October of the 21st century. Since the decision of the CPC Central Committee on the improvement of the socialist market economy system in 2003, "exploring the establishment of a policy-oriented agricultural insurance system" has been explicitly proposed for the first time. Every year, the first document of the Central Committee puts forward corresponding requirements and instructions for the formulation and implementation of agricultural insurance policies. March 1, 2013, is officially implemented as the "regulations on Agricultural Insurance" that guide the healthy development of agricultural insurance in China. Clear the agricultural insurance industry management and implementation framework. Agricultural insurance has become an important part of the insurance security system in the world. In the actual operation of our country, there are the following problems: the development model of agricultural insurance is still in the exploratory stage, which cannot support the order of the whole industry. Healthy development; The relevant laws and regulations of agricultural insurance are still in the primary stage, "government can not rely on, can not be treated, have no right to govern" phenomenon; third. The risk of agricultural insurance is mainly concentrated in various agricultural insurance companies, which can not be effectively dispersed and hedged. The agricultural insurance subsidy has caused the huge profit of the agricultural insurance company, cannot really, effectively benefit the farmer. The asymmetry of information, data, and policy propaganda, the strength of implementation and other factors can not eliminate the moral hazard, which affects the market promotion of agricultural insurance, and so on. This paper begins with the course of the development of domestic agricultural insurance, compares the way of international agricultural insurance development, analyzes the present situation of China's agricultural insurance at this stage, and through the five power models of Mike porter (as the policy-oriented agricultural insurance industry), Its development is influenced by many factors, such as government, agricultural insurance company, relevant employees, farmers, potential competitors, risk control and so on. According to the actual situation of agricultural insurance industry, this paper analyzes the demands of all parties, and puts forward some policy suggestions for the development of agricultural insurance in China. In the face of the development situation of China's existing agricultural insurance industry, without clear agricultural insurance laws and regulations, China's agricultural insurance will continue to maintain the situation of "taking commercial support", "taking risks at its own expense" and "taking responsibility for its own profits and losses" in the short term. However, in the long run, as an important national strategic measure concerning the people's livelihood, the future development of China's agricultural insurance should be based on the legislation of agricultural insurance and on the premise of information construction. The necessary means are fiscal subsidy and tax policy, the catastrophe reserve fund is the risk control measure, and the goal is to set up a national policy-oriented agricultural insurance company. At the end of this paper, the author puts forward some suggestions on the necessity, purpose, function, risk dispersion, reinsurance mechanism and risk control of establishing a national policy-oriented agricultural insurance company. I hope that the development of agricultural insurance in the new economic era to open up an innovative road. Limited by the collection of agricultural insurance related data and the understanding of the national macroeconomic regulation and control, the analysis and prediction of the future development of agricultural insurance in this paper puts forward more directions and corresponding operational measures, which need to be addressed to the government and farmers. The needs of investors and employees in the agricultural insurance industry are comprehensively measured. This is a reminder.
【學位授予單位】：山東大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：F842.66

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相關期刊論文 前1條

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本文編號：1907159