發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-04-29 11:39

  本文選題：日本人口老齡化 + 長期護(hù)理保險(xiǎn)制度��； 參考：《吉林大學(xué)》2016年博士論文

【摘要】：現(xiàn)階段全世界60歲及以上的老年人口已達(dá)到6億多。在第二次世界大戰(zhàn)結(jié)束之后,作為我國的近鄰日本進(jìn)入了人口急速增長的時(shí)期。從1970年開始,日本就逐漸步入了老齡化社會(huì)。到2013年,日本65歲以上的老年人口比例進(jìn)一步增加到25.1%。在短短60年的時(shí)間里,日本的人口結(jié)構(gòu)發(fā)生巨大變化,快速進(jìn)入了超老齡化社會(huì)。如何構(gòu)建能夠滿足不斷增加的老年人口的養(yǎng)老及護(hù)理體制成為了日本政府的工作重點(diǎn)之一。本博士論文嘗試對(duì)日本關(guān)于老年人護(hù)理制度的構(gòu)建框架及實(shí)施對(duì)策進(jìn)行專題性的研究,通過對(duì)日本老齡化人口的變化及日本長期護(hù)理保險(xiǎn)制度的形成過程進(jìn)行分析,掌握日本長期護(hù)理保險(xiǎn)制度及長期護(hù)理保險(xiǎn)服務(wù)體系的基本內(nèi)容,探討該制度的改革措施及成效,并針對(duì)各地實(shí)際狀況進(jìn)行實(shí)證研究。本博士論文通過對(duì)日本社會(huì)養(yǎng)老保障體制中的長期護(hù)理保險(xiǎn)制度的深入剖析,揭示出日本在探索老年人護(hù)理問題的成功經(jīng)驗(yàn)和存在的問題。本論文由8個(gè)章節(jié)組成,其主要構(gòu)成情況如下所示:第1章主要介紹了關(guān)于日本長期護(hù)理保險(xiǎn)制度的研究背景及意義,同時(shí)論述了國內(nèi)外的研究成果,并針對(duì)本論文整體的研究方法等進(jìn)行了介紹。通過評(píng)述人口老齡化、養(yǎng)老保障制度和護(hù)理保險(xiǎn)等理論,旨在說明人口老齡化現(xiàn)象出現(xiàn)的必然性和完善社會(huì)保障體制的必要性。第2章是日本人口老齡化社會(huì)和社會(huì)環(huán)境的現(xiàn)狀及趨勢(shì)。本章主要分為三部分。一是分析了日本人口老齡化的現(xiàn)狀和趨勢(shì);二是主要闡述了日本老年人的狀況和老年人的社會(huì)環(huán)境;三是主要通過對(duì)日本人口老齡化的發(fā)展進(jìn)行研究,著重分析人口老齡化與經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的關(guān)系。第3章是日本長期護(hù)理保險(xiǎn)建立的背景和基礎(chǔ)。本章分為兩部分。一是通過對(duì)老年人的健康狀況、就業(yè)狀況、生活環(huán)境、準(zhǔn)備意識(shí)這四個(gè)方面論述了日本在建立長期護(hù)理保險(xiǎn)制度之前的社會(huì)情況;二是通過論述日本的主要社會(huì)保障制度,從而明確建立長期護(hù)理保險(xiǎn)制度的各項(xiàng)制度基礎(chǔ)。第4章主要說明了日本長期護(hù)理保險(xiǎn)制度的形成及內(nèi)容。本章共分為五個(gè)部分。一是介紹日本長期護(hù)理保險(xiǎn)制度形成的過程;二是闡述了日本長期護(hù)理保險(xiǎn)制度的基本內(nèi)容;三是主要分析了日本長期護(hù)理保險(xiǎn)的服務(wù)體系;四是著重探討該制度的改革階段和主要年度的改革內(nèi)容;五是比較了日本長期護(hù)理保險(xiǎn)制度實(shí)施前后的不同。第5章闡述了日本實(shí)施長期護(hù)理保險(xiǎn)制度及護(hù)理服務(wù)的現(xiàn)狀。本章共分三部分。一是論述了近幾年日本長期護(hù)理保險(xiǎn)制度在利用人數(shù)、申請(qǐng)件數(shù)、護(hù)理費(fèi)用等方面的總體情況;二是主要論述了在日本長期護(hù)理保險(xiǎn)制度中幾項(xiàng)主要的護(hù)理服務(wù)的具體實(shí)施情況;三是從宏觀角度概述了近幾年日本政府在推進(jìn)長期護(hù)理保險(xiǎn)制度過程中,推出的新型護(hù)理服務(wù)內(nèi)容、規(guī)模及各種新的對(duì)策,進(jìn)而說明了在不同時(shí)期長期護(hù)理保險(xiǎn)的適應(yīng)特性。第6章利用日本統(tǒng)計(jì)局公布的日本長期護(hù)理保險(xiǎn)制度發(fā)展的數(shù)據(jù),運(yùn)用因子分析和聚類分析方法,選取影響日本長期護(hù)理保險(xiǎn)制度可持續(xù)發(fā)展的10個(gè)主要因素。據(jù)此,對(duì)日本長期護(hù)理保險(xiǎn)制度可持續(xù)發(fā)展進(jìn)行了一個(gè)聚類分析,給出了各類的特征�？蔀橹贫ㄈ妗f(xié)調(diào)、可持續(xù)發(fā)展的宏觀政策和制定長期護(hù)理保險(xiǎn)制度可持續(xù)發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略提供定量分析參考。第7章論述了日本政府在推出新型護(hù)理服務(wù),即地方全面型護(hù)理服務(wù)體系過程中,各地區(qū)根據(jù)實(shí)際情況的構(gòu)建案例。本章主要分為兩部分。一是主要介紹了日本新型長期護(hù)理保險(xiǎn)制度,即地方全面型護(hù)理服務(wù)體系的基本內(nèi)容;二是通過對(duì)具有代表性的不同地區(qū)進(jìn)行調(diào)查,著重分析各地區(qū)是如何開展并實(shí)施地方全面型護(hù)理服務(wù)體系以及各自取得的成效。第8章通過對(duì)日本長期護(hù)理保險(xiǎn)體系的發(fā)展論述,總結(jié)出該制度對(duì)我國的啟示。本章主要分為四部分。一是歸納出日本護(hù)理保險(xiǎn)的基本特征;二是通過研究調(diào)查,預(yù)測(cè)了日本護(hù)理保險(xiǎn)服務(wù)的未來發(fā)展方向;三是總結(jié)了日本護(hù)理保險(xiǎn)制度中存在的各項(xiàng)問題,并提出相關(guān)的改進(jìn)措施建議;四是通過對(duì)我國的人口數(shù)量、家庭結(jié)構(gòu)及老年人護(hù)理服務(wù)的現(xiàn)狀分析,對(duì)中日兩國長期護(hù)理保險(xiǎn)現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行比較,選擇適合我國的發(fā)展模式,提出日本長期護(hù)理保險(xiǎn)制度對(duì)我國的啟示。
[Abstract]:At the present stage, the population of the aged 60 and above has reached more than 600 million. After the end of the Second World War, as a close neighbour of China, Japan has entered a period of rapid population growth. Since 1970, Japan has gradually entered an aging society. By 2013, the proportion of aged 65 years old in Japan was further increased to 25.1%. in Japan. In a short period of 60 years, the population structure of Japan has changed greatly and has quickly entered an aging society. How to build a pension and nursing system that can meet the increasing elderly population has become one of the key points of the Japanese government. This thesis tries to build the framework and implementation of the nursing system in Japan. Through the analysis of the change of the aging population in Japan and the formation process of the long-term care insurance system in Japan, the basic contents of the long-term care insurance system and the long-term care insurance service system in Japan are mastered, the reform measures and results of the system are discussed, and the empirical research on the actual situation in various places is carried out. After a thorough analysis of the long-term nursing insurance system in the social endowment insurance system in Japan, this thesis reveals the successful experience and problems in exploring the nursing problems of the elderly in Japan. This thesis is composed of 8 chapters. The main composition of this thesis is as follows: the first chapter mainly introduces the long-term care insurance in Japan. The research background and significance of the system are discussed at the same time, and the research results at home and abroad are discussed, and the whole research methods of this paper are introduced. Through the review of the theory of population aging, old-age security system and nursing insurance, this paper aims to explain the necessity of the emergence of the phenomenon of population aging and the necessity of improving the social security system. The second chapter is to explain the necessity of improving the social security system. It is the present situation and trend of the aging society and social environment of the population of Japan. This chapter is divided into three parts. One is the analysis of the current situation and trend of the aging of the population in Japan; the two is mainly the situation of the elderly in Japan and the social environment of the elderly; the three is mainly through the study of the development of the aging of the Japanese mouth, focusing on the analysis of people. The third chapter is the background and foundation of the establishment of long-term care insurance in Japan. This chapter is divided into two parts. The first is to discuss the social situation in Japan before the establishment of the long-term care insurance system through the four aspects of the health status of the elderly, the employment situation, the living environment, and the consciousness of preparation. Two is through the discussion. The main social security system in Japan makes clear the foundation of the system of long-term care insurance. The fourth chapter mainly explains the formation and content of the long-term care insurance system in Japan. This chapter is divided into five parts. The first is to introduce the course of the formation of the long-term care insurance system in Japan, and the two is to elaborate the long term care insurance system in Japan. The basic content of the degree; three is the main analysis of the Japanese long-term care insurance service system; the four is to focus on the reform phase of the system and the main year of the reform. The five is to compare the differences before and after the implementation of the long-term care insurance system in Japan. The fifth chapter describes the status of the implementation of the long-term care insurance system and nursing service in Japan. This chapter is divided into three parts. The first is to discuss the overall situation of the Japanese long-term care insurance system in recent years using the number of people, the number of applications, the cost of nursing and so on. The two mainly discusses the specific implementation of several major nursing services in the long term care insurance system in Japan, and three from the macro perspective the Japanese government has outlined the Japanese government in recent years. In the process of promoting the long-term care insurance system, the new nursing service content, scale and various new countermeasures are introduced, and the adaptation characteristics of long-term care insurance in different periods are explained. The sixth chapter uses the data of the development of the Japanese long-term care insurance system published by the Japanese Bureau of statistics, and uses factor analysis and cluster analysis method to select the new nursing insurance system. The 10 main factors affecting the sustainable development of the long term care insurance system in Japan are analyzed, and a cluster analysis is made for the sustainable development of the long-term care insurance system in Japan, and the characteristics are given. It can provide the macro policies for the formulation of comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable development and the formulation of the sustainable development strategy of the long-term care insurance system. The seventh chapter discusses the construction cases of the Japanese government in the process of the new nursing service, that is, the local comprehensive nursing service system. This chapter is mainly divided into two parts. First, it mainly introduces the new type of long-term care insurance system in Japan, that is the basic content of the local comprehensive nursing service system. The two is through the investigation of the representative different regions, focusing on how to carry out and implement the local comprehensive nursing service system and their achievements. The eighth chapter summarizes the Enlightenment of the system to China through the development of the long-term care insurance system in Japan. This chapter is mainly divided into four parts. The basic characteristics of the Japanese nursing insurance are summed up. Two the future development direction of the Japanese nursing insurance service is predicted through research and investigation. Three the problems in the Japanese nursing insurance system are summarized, and the relevant suggestions for improvement are put forward. The four is through the population, family structure and nursing service of the elderly in China. The status of the long-term nursing insurance between China and Japan is compared, and the development model suitable for China is selected, and the Enlightenment of the long-term care insurance system in Japan to our country is put forward.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：F843.13
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本文編號(hào)：1819761