本文選題：經(jīng)濟(jì)差距 + 社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)��； 參考：《吉林大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：改革開(kāi)放以來(lái),我國(guó)區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)差距問(wèn)題不斷突出。為了避免因地區(qū)差距過(guò)大而引發(fā)各種嚴(yán)重經(jīng)濟(jì)社會(huì)問(wèn)題,國(guó)家日益重視推動(dòng)區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展,先后出臺(tái)了西部大開(kāi)發(fā)、東北老工業(yè)基地振興、中部崛起等重大區(qū)域發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略,并出臺(tái)了大量配套支持政策。然而,從我國(guó)總體區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展格局來(lái)看,區(qū)域差距過(guò)大的問(wèn)題并未得到根本扭轉(zhuǎn),經(jīng)濟(jì)和人口不斷向東南沿海地區(qū)集聚仍是我國(guó)的一個(gè)重要經(jīng)濟(jì)現(xiàn)象。特別是近年來(lái),我國(guó)東北地區(qū)及部分中西部省份經(jīng)濟(jì)增速大幅度滑落,區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)增速分化明顯。近年來(lái),我國(guó)社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)運(yùn)行狀況的地區(qū)差距日益突出。部分經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)新增投保人數(shù)和保費(fèi)收入持續(xù)增長(zhǎng),收支盈余規(guī)模持續(xù)擴(kuò)大。與此同時(shí),東北三省等部分地區(qū)由于經(jīng)濟(jì)增速下降和新增就業(yè)較少,社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)支出不斷攀升的同時(shí)保費(fèi)收入增長(zhǎng)緩慢。社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)體系長(zhǎng)期安全運(yùn)行的壓力和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)日趨增大。本文的研究目的就是系統(tǒng)分析我國(guó)地區(qū)經(jīng)濟(jì)差距對(duì)社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)體系運(yùn)行的影響,準(zhǔn)確發(fā)現(xiàn)我國(guó)社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)體系存在的地區(qū)性風(fēng)險(xiǎn),并提出相關(guān)對(duì)策建議,為國(guó)家推進(jìn)社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)制度改革提供政策參考。論文主題內(nèi)容包括五個(gè)部分。第一部分是論文涉及的主要概念界定和基礎(chǔ)理論的梳理和總結(jié)。第二部分是我國(guó)區(qū)域差距的發(fā)展態(tài)勢(shì),主要從經(jīng)濟(jì)增速、人口就業(yè)、財(cái)政狀況三個(gè)方面展開(kāi)分析。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),近年來(lái),在經(jīng)濟(jì)增速和城鎮(zhèn)就業(yè)人口方面,東部地區(qū)雖然與中西部地區(qū)的差距逐年縮小,其分化格局卻沒(méi)有根本變化。中西部地區(qū)的財(cái)政收入低于東部地區(qū),財(cái)政支出卻與東部地區(qū)持平,致使更加地依賴中央政府的稅收返還和轉(zhuǎn)移支付,社會(huì)保障體系風(fēng)險(xiǎn)加強(qiáng)。第三部分在梳理我國(guó)社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)制度的形成與發(fā)展階段的基礎(chǔ)上,歸納了現(xiàn)階段我國(guó)社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)制度的特點(diǎn)。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),我國(guó)社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)制度按照統(tǒng)籌范圍經(jīng)歷了全國(guó)統(tǒng)籌、企業(yè)統(tǒng)籌、縣(市)級(jí)統(tǒng)籌、區(qū)域調(diào)節(jié)統(tǒng)籌、省級(jí)統(tǒng)籌并向全國(guó)統(tǒng)籌推進(jìn)等五個(gè)階段。現(xiàn)階段,我國(guó)社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)制度表現(xiàn)出低水平廣泛覆蓋、城鄉(xiāng)二元結(jié)構(gòu)、統(tǒng)帳結(jié)合等特征。第四部分主要分析我國(guó)養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)和醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)面臨的主要區(qū)域性風(fēng)險(xiǎn)——社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)收支不平衡與地方財(cái)政支出差異。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)達(dá)地區(qū)的養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)和醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)運(yùn)行情況愈發(fā)良好,運(yùn)行壓力減小,而經(jīng)濟(jì)落后地區(qū)的養(yǎng)老保險(xiǎn)結(jié)余不斷減少,甚至出現(xiàn)入不敷出情況,運(yùn)行壓力愈發(fā)加大,地區(qū)間差異不斷擴(kuò)大。另一方面,我國(guó)不同地區(qū)的社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)基金存在巨大的區(qū)域差異,部分地區(qū)收支缺口擴(kuò)大,運(yùn)行風(fēng)險(xiǎn)不斷增加。最后,主要闡述我國(guó)深化社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)體系改革和化解區(qū)域性社會(huì)保險(xiǎn)運(yùn)行風(fēng)險(xiǎn)應(yīng)采取的政策措施。即應(yīng)該加大國(guó)家區(qū)域總體發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略的實(shí)施力度,加快推進(jìn)財(cái)政轉(zhuǎn)移支付制度改革,積極探索社會(huì)保障全國(guó)統(tǒng)籌的新模式。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, China's regional economic gap has become increasingly prominent.In order to avoid all kinds of serious economic and social problems caused by the excessive regional disparity, the state has paid increasing attention to promoting the coordinated development of regional economy, and has successively promulgated major regional development strategies such as the large-scale development of the western region, the revitalization of the old industrial base in the Northeast, the rise of the central region, and so on.And issued a large number of supporting policies.However, from the overall pattern of regional economic development in China, the problem of excessive regional disparity has not been fundamentally reversed, and it is still an important economic phenomenon that the economy and population continue to gather in the southeast coastal areas.Especially in recent years, the economic growth rate of Northeast China and some central and western provinces has fallen sharply, and the regional economic growth rate has differentiated obviously.In recent years, the regional gap of social insurance operation in China has become increasingly prominent.In some economically developed areas, the number of new insured and premium income continued to grow, and the scale of revenue and expenditure surplus continued to expand.At the same time, the three northeastern provinces and other parts of the region due to the decline in economic growth and fewer new jobs, social security expenditure continues to climb, while the growth in premium income is slow.The pressure and risk of long-term safe operation of the social insurance system is increasing day by day.The purpose of this paper is to systematically analyze the influence of regional economic gap on the operation of social insurance system in China, find out the regional risks of social insurance system, and put forward relevant countermeasures and suggestions.For the country to promote the reform of social security system to provide policy reference.The theme of the thesis consists of five parts.The first part is the definition of the main concepts involved in the paper and the carding and summing up of the basic theory.The second part is the development trend of regional disparity in China, mainly from three aspects of economic growth, population employment, financial situation.It is found that in recent years, although the gap between the eastern region and the central and western regions has narrowed year by year in terms of economic growth and urban employment, the pattern of differentiation has not fundamentally changed.The central and western regions have lower revenue than the eastern regions, but the fiscal expenditure is equal to that of the eastern regions, which makes them more dependent on the central government's tax rebates and transfer payments, and the social security system risks are strengthened.The third part summarizes the characteristics of China's social insurance system at present on the basis of combing the formation and development stage of our country's social insurance system.It is found that China's social insurance system has experienced five stages according to the overall planning scope: national overall plan, enterprise overall planning, county (city) level overall planning, regional adjustment overall planning, provincial overall planning and promotion to the whole country.At present, the social insurance system of our country shows the characteristics of low level and wide coverage, dual structure of urban and rural areas, integration of accounting system and so on.The fourth part mainly analyzes the main regional risks of pension insurance and medical insurance in China-the imbalance of income and expenditure of social insurance and the difference of local financial expenditure.The study found that the old-age insurance and medical insurance in the economically developed areas are running better and the operating pressure is decreasing, while the balance of the old-age insurance in the economically backward areas is constantly decreasing, and even the situation of living beyond the means of living is even increasing, and the operating pressure is increasing.Regional differences are widening.On the other hand, there are huge regional differences in social insurance funds in different regions of China.Finally, the policy measures should be taken to deepen the reform of social insurance system and resolve the operational risks of regional social insurance in China.That is, we should strengthen the implementation of the overall development strategy of national regions, speed up the reform of the financial transfer payment system, and actively explore a new model of national overall planning of social security.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：吉林大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：F127;F842.61

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