本文選題：機(jī)動(dòng)車(chē)輛保險(xiǎn)　切入點(diǎn)：按里程計(jì)費(fèi)　出處：《東北財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：自鴉片戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)汽車(chē)保險(xiǎn)進(jìn)入我國(guó)后,汽車(chē)保險(xiǎn)業(yè)務(wù)的發(fā)展經(jīng)歷了一個(gè)曲折的歷程。1950年,中國(guó)人民保險(xiǎn)公司開(kāi)始開(kāi)辦汽車(chē)保險(xiǎn),但是因宣傳不夠和認(rèn)識(shí)的偏頗,1955年,汽車(chē)保險(xiǎn)停辦。1980年,我國(guó)全面恢復(fù)了汽車(chē)保險(xiǎn)業(yè)務(wù),但是僅占財(cái)產(chǎn)保險(xiǎn)市場(chǎng)份額的2%。隨著改革開(kāi)放形勢(shì)的發(fā)展,社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)和人民生活水平也發(fā)生了巨大的變化,機(jī)動(dòng)車(chē)輛保險(xiǎn)業(yè)務(wù)也隨之得到了迅速發(fā)展。1988年,汽車(chē)保險(xiǎn)的保費(fèi)收入超過(guò)了20億元,從此成為了財(cái)產(chǎn)保險(xiǎn)的第一大險(xiǎn)種。但是隨著車(chē)輛數(shù)量的增加,隨之而來(lái)的環(huán)境問(wèn)題、保費(fèi)公平性等問(wèn)題也日益嚴(yán)重。面對(duì)這些問(wèn)題,美國(guó)Progress公司率先推出了按里程定價(jià)車(chē)險(xiǎn),通過(guò)將駕車(chē)者的負(fù)外部性有效內(nèi)部化的方式有效減少了對(duì)環(huán)境、交通等外部效應(yīng),這成為一種具有優(yōu)勢(shì)的解決途徑,并在隨后的十幾年在世界范圍廣泛推廣。 科學(xué)的費(fèi)率是保證汽車(chē)保險(xiǎn)穩(wěn)定發(fā)展的前提。2012年,我國(guó)保險(xiǎn)業(yè)協(xié)會(huì)發(fā)布了(ABC)條款,標(biāo)志著機(jī)動(dòng)車(chē)輛保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)率市場(chǎng)化的推行。條款規(guī)定里程也需作為一項(xiàng)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)因素,但在具體實(shí)施時(shí),由于我國(guó)缺乏必要的數(shù)據(jù)和強(qiáng)制性政策,里程因素并沒(méi)有納入具體的定價(jià)中。 本文正是以國(guó)外按里程計(jì)費(fèi)車(chē)輛保險(xiǎn)發(fā)展為出發(fā)點(diǎn),以金融學(xué)、精算學(xué)、統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)為理論基礎(chǔ),采用定量和定性、理論研究和實(shí)證分析相結(jié)合的方法,對(duì)按里程計(jì)費(fèi)車(chē)險(xiǎn)定價(jià)模式的合理性和實(shí)際意義進(jìn)行分析。通過(guò)理論和數(shù)據(jù)的分析,得出按里程計(jì)費(fèi)車(chē)險(xiǎn)可以增強(qiáng)保費(fèi)公平性并帶來(lái)諸多外部效應(yīng),并結(jié)合我國(guó)具體情況,對(duì)按里程計(jì)費(fèi)車(chē)險(xiǎn)在我國(guó)的實(shí)施提出建議。由于缺乏相關(guān)的數(shù)據(jù),所以本文在實(shí)證分析時(shí)都采用了美國(guó)CLF研究報(bào)告的數(shù)據(jù)。本文的結(jié)構(gòu)大體可以分為六部分： 第一部分：緒論,論述了本研究的選題背景、研究意義、國(guó)內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀、研究的思路、方法和創(chuàng)新點(diǎn)。 第二部分：介紹按里程計(jì)費(fèi)車(chē)險(xiǎn)在國(guó)外的興起、發(fā)展、及發(fā)展中遇到的障礙。 第三部分：介紹了國(guó)外常見(jiàn)四種按里程計(jì)費(fèi)車(chē)險(xiǎn)的方案,并進(jìn)行比較分析。在比較四種定價(jià)方案時(shí),從技術(shù)角度、外部性、可行性等角度出發(fā),量化分析了不同的定價(jià)方案,得出當(dāng)所有的汽車(chē)保費(fèi)和注冊(cè)費(fèi)用同時(shí)是按里程定價(jià)時(shí)是最有效的。 第四部分：建立靜態(tài)模型,通過(guò)比較傳統(tǒng)定價(jià)模式和按里程定價(jià)模式,分析按里程計(jì)費(fèi)對(duì)駕駛者行為的影響。 第五部分：根據(jù)美國(guó)CLF研究報(bào)告的數(shù)據(jù)從損失賠償和事故頻率兩方面分析里程和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的關(guān)系；建立燃油消耗率和里程的模型,研究里程和燃油消耗率的關(guān)系,從而得到按里程計(jì)費(fèi)保險(xiǎn)對(duì)環(huán)境污染的影響。 第六部分：通過(guò)介紹我國(guó)車(chē)險(xiǎn)定價(jià)環(huán)境,分析按里程計(jì)費(fèi)車(chē)險(xiǎn)在我國(guó)實(shí)施中可能遇到的問(wèn)題并提出幾點(diǎn)措施。 本文的首次引入數(shù)據(jù)分析得到里程和風(fēng)險(xiǎn)之間有一定的關(guān)系,并運(yùn)用燃油消耗率與里程的關(guān)系分析實(shí)施按里程計(jì)費(fèi)后,燃油消耗量將減少即對(duì)環(huán)境產(chǎn)生正面的影響。除了實(shí)證的分析,文章運(yùn)用數(shù)學(xué)方法建立靜態(tài)模型分析實(shí)施按里程計(jì)費(fèi)對(duì)駕駛者行為的影響：總的來(lái)說(shuō)高里程司機(jī)減少里程數(shù),低里程司機(jī)增加里程。但是由于缺乏國(guó)內(nèi)的車(chē)輛行駛里程數(shù),選取的數(shù)據(jù)都是國(guó)外的,針對(duì)性可能沒(méi)那么強(qiáng),因此在后續(xù)制定策略的時(shí)候不能具體到我國(guó)的各個(gè)省、地區(qū),希望在今后技術(shù)的改進(jìn)下得到進(jìn)一步研究。
[Abstract]:Since the Opium War car insurance after entering into China, the development of the auto insurance business has experienced a tortuous process in.1950, the People's Insurance Company of China began to open car insurance, but due to lack of propaganda and cognition bias, 1955, auto insurance closed.1980 years, China's total recovery for the car insurance business, but only a share of property insurance the 2%. market with the development of reform and opening up, social economy and people's living standards have undergone tremendous changes, the motor vehicle insurance business has been the rapid development of.1988, auto insurance premium income of more than 2 billion yuan, has become the first of the property insurance. But with the increase of the number of vehicles and the environment the premium, the fairness problem is increasingly serious. Facing these problems, the United States Progress company pioneered the pricing according to the mileage car insurance, through The way of effective internalization of drivers' negative externalities effectively reduces the external effects on environment, transportation and so on. This has become an advantageous solution and has been widely promoted worldwide in the following ten years.
Scientific rate is to guarantee the stable development of automobile insurance of.2012 years, China's Insurance Industry Association released (ABC) terms, marking the rate of motor vehicle insurance market. The implementation of the provisions of the mileage should also be a risk factor, but in practice, due to the lack of necessary data and mandatory policy, mileage has not been included in specific pricing.
This paper is based on the foreign mileage vehicle insurance development as the starting point, to finance, actuarial science, statistics theory, using quantitative and qualitative methods, theoretical research and empirical analysis of the combination, the mileage car insurance pricing model is reasonable and practical significance were analyzed. Through the analysis of theory and data and get the mileage car insurance premiums can enhance the fairness and bring a lot of external effects, combined with the specific situation in China, put forward suggestions of the mileage car insurance in China. Due to the lack of relevant data, this paper is based on the empirical analysis using the CLF study data. The structure of this paper can be roughly is divided into six parts:
The first part is the introduction, which discusses the background of this study, the significance of the research, the current research status at home and abroad, the thinking, method and innovation of the research.
The second part: introduce the rise, development and development of car insurance by mileage in foreign countries.
The third part: introduces four kinds of common mileage car insurance scheme, and a comparative analysis. In the comparison of four kinds of pricing schemes, from a technical point of view, externality, feasibility perspective, quantitative analysis of the different pricing schemes, that when all the car insurance fee and registration fee as mileage pricing is the most effective.
The fourth part: setting up a static model and comparing the traditional pricing model and the mileage pricing model to analyze the influence of mileage charging on the driver's behavior.
The fifth part: according to the CLF study data from two aspects of frequency compensation for damage and accident analysis of mileage and risk; the establishment of the fuel consumption rate and the mileage of the model, the relationship of mileage and fuel consumption rate, so as to get the mileage insurance on the impact of environmental pollution.
The sixth part: by introducing the environment of vehicle insurance pricing in China, this paper analyzes the possible problems that may be encountered in the implementation of car insurance according to mileage and puts forward some measures.
This paper first introduced the data analysis, there is a certain relationship between mileage and risk, and the relationship between the rate of fuel consumption and mileage of the analysis of the implementation of the mileage, fuel consumption will be reduced which have a positive effect on environment. In addition to the empirical analysis, this paper use mathematical analysis method to establish the static model of driving mileage behavior effect: general high mileage drivers reduce mileage, low mileage drivers increase mileage. But due to the lack of domestic vehicle mileage, the selected data are foreign, targeted can not so strong, so the strategy can't specific to each province, China in the following area, hoping to get further study on the improvement of technology in the future.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F842.63

【參考文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 陳曉峰;;汽車(chē)保險(xiǎn)新概念:按里程付費(fèi)[J];上海保險(xiǎn);2010年09期

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本文編號(hào)：1723250