本文選題：機動車輛保險　切入點：按里程計費　出處：《東北財經(jīng)大學》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：自鴉片戰(zhàn)爭汽車保險進入我國后,汽車保險業(yè)務的發(fā)展經(jīng)歷了一個曲折的歷程。1950年,中國人民保險公司開始開辦汽車保險,但是因宣傳不夠和認識的偏頗,1955年,汽車保險停辦。1980年,我國全面恢復了汽車保險業(yè)務,但是僅占財產(chǎn)保險市場份額的2%。隨著改革開放形勢的發(fā)展,社會經(jīng)濟和人民生活水平也發(fā)生了巨大的變化,機動車輛保險業(yè)務也隨之得到了迅速發(fā)展。1988年,汽車保險的保費收入超過了20億元,從此成為了財產(chǎn)保險的第一大險種。但是隨著車輛數(shù)量的增加,隨之而來的環(huán)境問題、保費公平性等問題也日益嚴重。面對這些問題,美國Progress公司率先推出了按里程定價車險,通過將駕車者的負外部性有效內部化的方式有效減少了對環(huán)境、交通等外部效應,這成為一種具有優(yōu)勢的解決途徑,并在隨后的十幾年在世界范圍廣泛推廣。 科學的費率是保證汽車保險穩(wěn)定發(fā)展的前提。2012年,我國保險業(yè)協(xié)會發(fā)布了(ABC)條款,標志著機動車輛保險費率市場化的推行。條款規(guī)定里程也需作為一項風險因素,但在具體實施時,由于我國缺乏必要的數(shù)據(jù)和強制性政策,里程因素并沒有納入具體的定價中。 本文正是以國外按里程計費車輛保險發(fā)展為出發(fā)點,以金融學、精算學、統(tǒng)計學為理論基礎,采用定量和定性、理論研究和實證分析相結合的方法,對按里程計費車險定價模式的合理性和實際意義進行分析。通過理論和數(shù)據(jù)的分析,得出按里程計費車險可以增強保費公平性并帶來諸多外部效應,并結合我國具體情況,對按里程計費車險在我國的實施提出建議。由于缺乏相關的數(shù)據(jù),所以本文在實證分析時都采用了美國CLF研究報告的數(shù)據(jù)。本文的結構大體可以分為六部分： 第一部分：緒論,論述了本研究的選題背景、研究意義、國內外研究現(xiàn)狀、研究的思路、方法和創(chuàng)新點。 第二部分：介紹按里程計費車險在國外的興起、發(fā)展、及發(fā)展中遇到的障礙。 第三部分：介紹了國外常見四種按里程計費車險的方案,并進行比較分析。在比較四種定價方案時,從技術角度、外部性、可行性等角度出發(fā),量化分析了不同的定價方案,得出當所有的汽車保費和注冊費用同時是按里程定價時是最有效的。 第四部分：建立靜態(tài)模型,通過比較傳統(tǒng)定價模式和按里程定價模式,分析按里程計費對駕駛者行為的影響。 第五部分：根據(jù)美國CLF研究報告的數(shù)據(jù)從損失賠償和事故頻率兩方面分析里程和風險的關系；建立燃油消耗率和里程的模型,研究里程和燃油消耗率的關系,從而得到按里程計費保險對環(huán)境污染的影響。 第六部分：通過介紹我國車險定價環(huán)境,分析按里程計費車險在我國實施中可能遇到的問題并提出幾點措施。 本文的首次引入數(shù)據(jù)分析得到里程和風險之間有一定的關系,并運用燃油消耗率與里程的關系分析實施按里程計費后,燃油消耗量將減少即對環(huán)境產(chǎn)生正面的影響。除了實證的分析,文章運用數(shù)學方法建立靜態(tài)模型分析實施按里程計費對駕駛者行為的影響：總的來說高里程司機減少里程數(shù),低里程司機增加里程。但是由于缺乏國內的車輛行駛里程數(shù),選取的數(shù)據(jù)都是國外的,針對性可能沒那么強,因此在后續(xù)制定策略的時候不能具體到我國的各個省、地區(qū),希望在今后技術的改進下得到進一步研究。
[Abstract]:Since the Opium War car insurance after entering into China, the development of the auto insurance business has experienced a tortuous process in.1950, the People's Insurance Company of China began to open car insurance, but due to lack of propaganda and cognition bias, 1955, auto insurance closed.1980 years, China's total recovery for the car insurance business, but only a share of property insurance the 2%. market with the development of reform and opening up, social economy and people's living standards have undergone tremendous changes, the motor vehicle insurance business has been the rapid development of.1988, auto insurance premium income of more than 2 billion yuan, has become the first of the property insurance. But with the increase of the number of vehicles and the environment the premium, the fairness problem is increasingly serious. Facing these problems, the United States Progress company pioneered the pricing according to the mileage car insurance, through The way of effective internalization of drivers' negative externalities effectively reduces the external effects on environment, transportation and so on. This has become an advantageous solution and has been widely promoted worldwide in the following ten years.
Scientific rate is to guarantee the stable development of automobile insurance of.2012 years, China's Insurance Industry Association released (ABC) terms, marking the rate of motor vehicle insurance market. The implementation of the provisions of the mileage should also be a risk factor, but in practice, due to the lack of necessary data and mandatory policy, mileage has not been included in specific pricing.
This paper is based on the foreign mileage vehicle insurance development as the starting point, to finance, actuarial science, statistics theory, using quantitative and qualitative methods, theoretical research and empirical analysis of the combination, the mileage car insurance pricing model is reasonable and practical significance were analyzed. Through the analysis of theory and data and get the mileage car insurance premiums can enhance the fairness and bring a lot of external effects, combined with the specific situation in China, put forward suggestions of the mileage car insurance in China. Due to the lack of relevant data, this paper is based on the empirical analysis using the CLF study data. The structure of this paper can be roughly is divided into six parts:
The first part is the introduction, which discusses the background of this study, the significance of the research, the current research status at home and abroad, the thinking, method and innovation of the research.
The second part: introduce the rise, development and development of car insurance by mileage in foreign countries.
The third part: introduces four kinds of common mileage car insurance scheme, and a comparative analysis. In the comparison of four kinds of pricing schemes, from a technical point of view, externality, feasibility perspective, quantitative analysis of the different pricing schemes, that when all the car insurance fee and registration fee as mileage pricing is the most effective.
The fourth part: setting up a static model and comparing the traditional pricing model and the mileage pricing model to analyze the influence of mileage charging on the driver's behavior.
The fifth part: according to the CLF study data from two aspects of frequency compensation for damage and accident analysis of mileage and risk; the establishment of the fuel consumption rate and the mileage of the model, the relationship of mileage and fuel consumption rate, so as to get the mileage insurance on the impact of environmental pollution.
The sixth part: by introducing the environment of vehicle insurance pricing in China, this paper analyzes the possible problems that may be encountered in the implementation of car insurance according to mileage and puts forward some measures.
This paper first introduced the data analysis, there is a certain relationship between mileage and risk, and the relationship between the rate of fuel consumption and mileage of the analysis of the implementation of the mileage, fuel consumption will be reduced which have a positive effect on environment. In addition to the empirical analysis, this paper use mathematical analysis method to establish the static model of driving mileage behavior effect: general high mileage drivers reduce mileage, low mileage drivers increase mileage. But due to the lack of domestic vehicle mileage, the selected data are foreign, targeted can not so strong, so the strategy can't specific to each province, China in the following area, hoping to get further study on the improvement of technology in the future.

【學位授予單位】：東北財經(jīng)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F842.63

【參考文獻】

相關期刊論文 前1條

1 陳曉峰;;汽車保險新概念:按里程付費[J];上海保險;2010年09期

，

本文編號：1723250