本文選題：老年護理保險　切入點：老年護理需求　出處：《遼寧大學》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：老齡化已經(jīng)成為世界性難題，一些國家都相繼步入老齡化社會，隨之而來的是各國老年人口長期護理負擔的不斷增大，部分國家選擇發(fā)展老年護理保險來緩解這一難題，以美國為代表的商業(yè)性老年護理保險和以德國、日本為代表的社會性老年護理保險是其中的主要模式。隨著我國社會經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展，醫(yī)療技術(shù)的不斷提高，人們的平均壽命逐漸延長，老年人口在總?cè)丝谥兴急戎刂饾u增加。老年人口增長的同時，老年人的健康狀況卻不容樂觀，老人對疾病的抵御能力差，容易患有各種老年性疾病，并且這些病的發(fā)病率呈現(xiàn)上升的趨勢，，老人需要照顧的時間越來越長。 目前老人的護理一般由家庭、主要是中年人承擔，中年人不僅要贍養(yǎng)老人，同時也要撫養(yǎng)下一代，而且還擔任著工作的主要職責，這使得老人護理產(chǎn)生大量的問題。隨著我國計劃生育政策的實施，家庭結(jié)構(gòu)明顯出現(xiàn)了小型化傾向，而越來越多的子女選擇外出打工留老人獨自居住或者與父母分居，空巢家庭與空巢老人的數(shù)量明顯增加，這使得老年護理工作壓力越來越大，如果老年護理工作完全依靠養(yǎng)老機構(gòu)和醫(yī)療機構(gòu)，各種老年護理費用支出昂貴，這從財力上給家庭帶來沉重的負擔。因此，老年護理保險的研究具有重要的現(xiàn)實意義。 本文通過對沈陽市老年人口現(xiàn)狀，家庭結(jié)構(gòu)變化，醫(yī)療護理費等方面進行研究，論述老年人對老年護理的需求原因、需求內(nèi)容，并根據(jù)沈陽市統(tǒng)計年鑒和調(diào)查問卷所得數(shù)據(jù)，分析沈陽市老年護理保險需求現(xiàn)狀以及未來趨勢，提出構(gòu)建沈陽市老年護理保險的初步設(shè)想，并對老年護理保險繳費率進行初步的測算。通過介紹日德兩國社會性護理保險及美國商業(yè)性護理保險制度模式的發(fā)展經(jīng)驗，總結(jié)對沈陽市構(gòu)建老年護理保險的啟示，提出關(guān)于構(gòu)建適應(yīng)沈陽市的老年護理保險的政策建議，以更好的提高老年的生活質(zhì)量，減輕老年護理給社會和家庭帶來的經(jīng)濟和精神負擔，進一步完善我國社會保障體系。
[Abstract]:Aging has become a worldwide problem, some countries have entered the aging society, followed by the increasing burden of long-term care of the elderly population in various countries, some countries choose to develop old-age care insurance to alleviate this problem. The commercial old-age care insurance represented by the United States and the social old-age care insurance represented by Germany and Japan are the main models. The average life expectancy of people gradually increased, and the proportion of the elderly population in the total population gradually increased. While the elderly population grew, the health status of the elderly was not optimistic, and the old people's ability to resist diseases was poor. Older people are vulnerable to a variety of age-related diseases, and the incidence of these diseases is on the rise, and older people need to be cared for longer and longer. At present, nursing care for the elderly is generally undertaken by the family, mainly middle-aged people. Middle-aged people not only support the elderly, but also support the next generation, and also assume the main duties of work. With the implementation of the family planning policy in China, the family structure has shown a tendency of miniaturization, and more and more children choose to live alone or live apart from their parents. The number of empty-nest families and empty-nesters has increased significantly, which has put more and more pressure on geriatric care. If geriatric care is entirely dependent on old-age institutions and medical institutions, the cost of various kinds of geriatric care is expensive. Therefore, the research of old age care insurance has important practical significance. Based on the study of the current situation of the elderly population, family structure change, medical care cost and other aspects in Shenyang, this paper discusses the reasons and contents of the elderly nursing needs, and according to the Shenyang statistical yearbook and questionnaire data, Based on the analysis of the present situation and future trend of the elderly nursing insurance in Shenyang, this paper puts forward a tentative plan of constructing the nursing insurance for the elderly in Shenyang. By introducing the development experience of social nursing insurance and American commercial nursing insurance system in Japan and Germany, this paper summarizes the enlightenment to the construction of old-age nursing insurance in Shenyang. In order to improve the quality of life of the elderly, reduce the economic and spiritual burden brought to the society and family by nursing for the elderly, and further improve the social security system of our country, this paper puts forward some policy suggestions on the construction of nursing insurance for the elderly in Shenyang.
【學位授予單位】：遼寧大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F842.684

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本文編號：1666520