本文選題：人身保險(xiǎn)公司　切入點(diǎn)：償付能力　出處：《中國海洋大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：自20世紀(jì)80年代恢復(fù)保險(xiǎn)業(yè)務(wù)以來，我國人身保險(xiǎn)市場保持了良好的發(fā)展勢頭。截止2013年，我國人身保險(xiǎn)市場上共有69家人身保險(xiǎn)公司，相比2004年增長了近兩倍。在2013年，我國人身保險(xiǎn)公司共實(shí)現(xiàn)保費(fèi)收入10741億元，是2004年的3.4倍。然而隨著保險(xiǎn)公司之間競爭的加劇以及國內(nèi)保險(xiǎn)市場對外開放的步伐逐步加快，保險(xiǎn)經(jīng)營的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)也在不斷增大，個(gè)別保險(xiǎn)公司已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)了嚴(yán)重的償付能力不足。 償付能力是關(guān)系保險(xiǎn)公司存亡的生命線。2005年，中國人壽等人身保險(xiǎn)公司由于償付能力額度未達(dá)法定標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，收到了中國保監(jiān)會的監(jiān)管函，這是中國保監(jiān)會首次因償付能力問題而向人身保險(xiǎn)公司處以監(jiān)管意見書，，強(qiáng)烈震動(dòng)了中國保險(xiǎn)業(yè)界。2012年，幸福人壽等四家人身保險(xiǎn)公司的償付能力充足率未達(dá)150%的監(jiān)管要求，被中國保監(jiān)會暫停增設(shè)公司分支機(jī)構(gòu)，人身保險(xiǎn)公司的償付能力危機(jī)重新進(jìn)入人們的視野。 本文嘗試以人身保險(xiǎn)公司資產(chǎn)規(guī)模大小為劃分依據(jù)，基于我國人身保險(xiǎn)公司的經(jīng)營數(shù)據(jù)，對大型、中型、小型人身保險(xiǎn)公司償付能力的影響因素進(jìn)行對比分析，并在此基礎(chǔ)上采用主成分分析方法分類評估當(dāng)前我國人身保險(xiǎn)公司的償付能力狀況，為研究我國人身保險(xiǎn)公司的償付能力提供了一個(gè)較新的視角。論文不僅有助于建立和完善我國新一代償付能力監(jiān)管制度體系，確保保險(xiǎn)監(jiān)管部門更好地開展保險(xiǎn)公司償付能力監(jiān)督及管理工作；也有助于保險(xiǎn)經(jīng)營機(jī)構(gòu)更加科學(xué)地評價(jià)自身的償付能力，避免因償付能力不足而導(dǎo)致的破產(chǎn)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。 本文內(nèi)容共分為六個(gè)部分：第一部分對論文的研究背景和研究意義進(jìn)行了概述，并對國內(nèi)外的研究文獻(xiàn)進(jìn)行了梳理。第二部分是本文的理論基礎(chǔ)，主要介紹了償付能力的含義及其影響因素、償付能力監(jiān)管的含義及其模式。第三部分主要對我國人身保險(xiǎn)市場的發(fā)展概況及人身保險(xiǎn)公司的償付能力現(xiàn)狀做了簡要分析。第四部分的主要內(nèi)容是采用灰色關(guān)聯(lián)分析方法對不同資產(chǎn)規(guī)模等級的人身保險(xiǎn)公司的償付能力影響因素進(jìn)行了實(shí)證對比分析，實(shí)證結(jié)果顯示：（1）基于大型人身保險(xiǎn)公司和小型人身保險(xiǎn)公司資產(chǎn)規(guī)模的差異，兩者的關(guān)聯(lián)度排序幾乎是相反的；（2）中型人身保險(xiǎn)公司既相對于小型人身保險(xiǎn)公司具有資本優(yōu)勢又相對于大型人身保險(xiǎn)公司具有內(nèi)部管理、業(yè)務(wù)發(fā)展的靈活優(yōu)勢，其關(guān)聯(lián)度排序基本表現(xiàn)為大型和小型人身保險(xiǎn)公司關(guān)聯(lián)度排序的綜合；（3）三種資產(chǎn)規(guī)模類型的人身保險(xiǎn)公司在關(guān)聯(lián)度排序上也有一些共同點(diǎn)，比如再保險(xiǎn)比率在三類人身保險(xiǎn)公司的絕對與相對關(guān)聯(lián)度排序中均排名靠后，再保險(xiǎn)比率無論在絕對量上還是在變化速率上對償付能力的影響都較小。第五部分的主要內(nèi)容是在第四部分的基礎(chǔ)上采用主成分分析模型分類評估當(dāng)前我國人身保險(xiǎn)公司的償付能力狀況，結(jié)果顯示：（1）資產(chǎn)流動(dòng)能力、盈利能力、資本金水平及資金運(yùn)用能力對大型人身保險(xiǎn)公司償付能力的影響較大，建議大型人身保險(xiǎn)公司應(yīng)在合理安排資產(chǎn)規(guī)模和結(jié)構(gòu)的基礎(chǔ)上努力提高盈利能力和投資業(yè)務(wù)的資金運(yùn)用能力，從而能持續(xù)改善其償付能力；（2）資本金水平、資產(chǎn)流動(dòng)能力、盈利能力也是中型人身保險(xiǎn)公司償付能力的主要影響因素，但中型人身保險(xiǎn)公司的投資業(yè)務(wù)規(guī)模較小，對改善償付能力的貢獻(xiàn)較弱，建議中型人身保險(xiǎn)公司在擴(kuò)大承保業(yè)務(wù)規(guī)模的同時(shí)，積極發(fā)展其投資業(yè)務(wù)；（3）小型人身保險(xiǎn)公司的分紅險(xiǎn)種業(yè)務(wù)發(fā)展較快，使得其償付能力受紅利支出、賠付支出、業(yè)務(wù)發(fā)展能力的影響較大，建議小型人身保險(xiǎn)公司合理安排其人身險(xiǎn)種結(jié)構(gòu)，努力擴(kuò)大傳統(tǒng)人身保險(xiǎn)險(xiǎn)種市場份額。根據(jù)前文的分析和實(shí)證結(jié)果，本文第六部分從增強(qiáng)人身保險(xiǎn)公司自身實(shí)力和健全償付能力監(jiān)管制度兩個(gè)方面對改善我國人身保險(xiǎn)公司的償付能力提出了建議。
[Abstract]:Since the resumption of insurance business in 1980s, China life insurance market maintained a good momentum of development. By the end of 2013, a total of 69 life insurance companies in our country's life insurance market, compared to 2004 increased by nearly two times. In 2013, China's insurance companies achieved a total premium income of 10741 yuan, is 3.4 times in 2004. However, as the competition between the insurance companies and more domestic insurance market opening to speed up the pace, the risk of the insurance business is also increasing, individual insurance companies there have been serious solvency deficiencies.
The relationship between the insurance company solvency is the lifeline of survival.2005, life insurance company China et al due to solvency is not up to the statutory standard, Chinese received CIRC's regulatory letter, this is the first time due to China CIRC solvency problems to the life insurance company to regulatory submissions, the insurance industry China strong shock.2012, happy life and other four life insurance company's solvency adequacy ratio of less than 150% of the regulatory requirements, is China CIRC suspended additional branches, life insurance company's solvency crisis to enter people's vision.
This paper attempts to use the life insurance company asset size of the basis for the division of business data, China's life insurance companies based on large, medium and small factors influence the solvency of life insurance companies are analyzed, and on this basis, using principal component analysis method to evaluate the current classification of China Life Insurance Company solvency ability, provides a new perspective for the research on the solvency of China's life insurance companies. This paper not only contributes to the establishment and improvement of China's new generation of solvency supervision system, ensure that the insurance regulatory authorities to better carry out the insurance company solvency supervision and management; also contributes to the institution of insurance management more scientific evaluation of their solvency, avoid the risk of bankruptcy due to lack of solvency.
This paper is divided into six parts: the first part of the thesis research background and significance of the research are summarized, and the research literatures at home and abroad are reviewed. The second part is the theoretical basis of this paper, mainly introduces the meaning and influence factors of solvency, meaning and solvency regulation mode. The ability of payment the third part of the China life insurance market development and personal insurance companies to do a brief analysis. The main content of the fourth part is the analysis of the factors affecting the solvency of different asset size levels of personal insurance companies for a comparative analysis by using grey correlation, the empirical results show that: (1) the difference of asset size large life insurance companies and small insurance companies based on the ranking of the correlation between the two is almost the opposite; (2) medium-sized life insurance companies is relatively In the small life insurance companies with capital advantage relative to the large insurance company has the advantage of flexible internal management, business development, the relevancy is basically comprehensive large and small insurance companies relevancy; (3) the three types of assets of insurance companies in relevancy there are some common points, such as absolute and relative relevancy in reinsurance ratio in the three life insurance companies in the ranking, the reinsurance ratio both in absolute quantity or rate of change in the impact on solvency are low. The main content of the fifth part is the main component in the basis of the fourth part on the analysis of the classification model to assess the current China Life Insurance Company's solvency, results showed that: (1) the flow of liquidity, profitability, capital levels and capital operation ability of large The solvency of insurance companies is larger, suggests large life insurance companies should improve the profitability of efforts based on the scale and structure of reasonable arrangement of assets and business investment funds, so as to continuously improve its solvency; (2) the level of capital, liquidity, main factors affecting solvency profitability the ability is medium-sized life insurance companies, but smaller and medium-sized investment business of insurance companies, to improve the solvency of the contribution is weak, the proposed medium-sized life insurance companies in the insurance business to expand the scale at the same time, the positive development of the investment business; (3) the rapid development of small life insurance companies participating insurance business. So its dividend payout, the solvency payment expenditure, affect the business development capacity is large, it is recommended that small life insurance companies arrange their personal insurance structure, efforts to expand According to the above analysis and empirical results, the sixth part of the article puts forward suggestions for improving the solvency of China's life insurance companies from two aspects: enhancing the strength of the life insurance companies and improving the solvency supervision system.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國海洋大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：F842.3

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