本文選題：種植業(yè)保險(xiǎn)　切入點(diǎn)：補(bǔ)貼制度　出處：《西南財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：種植業(yè)是農(nóng)業(yè)的基礎(chǔ),種植業(yè)保險(xiǎn)是農(nóng)業(yè)保險(xiǎn)中最重要的業(yè)務(wù)類別,也是最具特點(diǎn)的保險(xiǎn)業(yè)務(wù)之一。不同于發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家運(yùn)用種植業(yè)保險(xiǎn)實(shí)現(xiàn)國(guó)民福利增長(zhǎng)的目標(biāo),發(fā)展中國(guó)家開(kāi)展種植業(yè)保險(xiǎn)的目的大多局限在分散農(nóng)業(yè)風(fēng)險(xiǎn),提高農(nóng)民種田積極性和實(shí)現(xiàn)糧食供給安全保障。種植業(yè)保險(xiǎn)在世界范圍內(nèi)都是最容易獲得各級(jí)政府財(cái)政支持的險(xiǎn)種,我國(guó)中央財(cái)政扶持的政策性種植業(yè)保險(xiǎn)是從2007年開(kāi)始試點(diǎn)推廣的,迄今種植業(yè)保險(xiǎn)的保費(fèi)規(guī)模仍然占我國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)保險(xiǎn)保費(fèi)總收入的75%以上。國(guó)家大力支持種植業(yè)保險(xiǎn)的發(fā)展,力求盡快建立市場(chǎng)化的種植業(yè)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)保障體制,完善農(nóng)村金融服務(wù)體系。2007年以來(lái),種植業(yè)保險(xiǎn)發(fā)展迅速,已經(jīng)取得了許多成效,保費(fèi)規(guī)模、覆蓋面積和保障水平逐年增加,補(bǔ)貼制度更加完善,涉農(nóng)保險(xiǎn)公司的經(jīng)營(yíng)效率不斷提高,但是發(fā)展中也存在不少問(wèn)題。本文通過(guò)研究種植業(yè)保險(xiǎn)在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)特征、經(jīng)營(yíng)制度及技術(shù)等方面的特殊性,針對(duì)目前種植業(yè)保險(xiǎn)存在的諸多問(wèn)題,提出了一系列的政策建議。 為了系統(tǒng)研究我國(guó)種植業(yè)保險(xiǎn)的發(fā)展成效及問(wèn)題,筆者分析了國(guó)內(nèi)外相關(guān)科研文獻(xiàn)和我國(guó)近幾年來(lái)的種植業(yè)保險(xiǎn)數(shù)據(jù),從承保主體、承保能力和政策扶持等方面詳細(xì)論述了種植業(yè)保險(xiǎn)發(fā)展中已經(jīng)取得的成績(jī),也從經(jīng)營(yíng)數(shù)據(jù)和政策落實(shí)程度的分析中發(fā)現(xiàn)了種植業(yè)保險(xiǎn)在近幾年輝煌發(fā)展中存在的一些不足,例如保障水平和補(bǔ)償能力有待提高、補(bǔ)貼機(jī)制設(shè)計(jì)和落實(shí)存在缺陷、損害投保農(nóng)戶利益的事件經(jīng)常發(fā)生等。最后,通過(guò)分析數(shù)據(jù),發(fā)現(xiàn)問(wèn)題,論文立足于我國(guó)種植業(yè)保險(xiǎn)發(fā)展的國(guó)情,有針對(duì)性地提出了促進(jìn)我國(guó)種植業(yè)保險(xiǎn)進(jìn)一步發(fā)展的幾條政策建議,力求我國(guó)的種植業(yè)保險(xiǎn)能在規(guī)模上和質(zhì)量上都達(dá)到世界領(lǐng)先水平。 論文共分為五章,各章主要研究?jī)?nèi)容和主要觀點(diǎn)綜述如下： 第一是導(dǎo)論,主要介紹和分析了本文的選題背景、研究意義,國(guó)內(nèi)外學(xué)者的研究現(xiàn)狀,論文的研究方法,研究的主要特色和不足。在對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)外文獻(xiàn)進(jìn)行整理的基礎(chǔ)上,闡述了種植業(yè)保險(xiǎn)的性質(zhì)、發(fā)展過(guò)程中存在的普遍問(wèn)題和種植業(yè)保險(xiǎn)的技術(shù)創(chuàng)新。 第二章是我國(guó)種植業(yè)保險(xiǎn)的概述和發(fā)展成效分析,共分為三小節(jié)。第一節(jié)是對(duì)種植業(yè)保險(xiǎn)的概述,其中包括了概念、面臨的承保風(fēng)險(xiǎn)和補(bǔ)貼產(chǎn)品的類別；第二小節(jié)是對(duì)種植業(yè)保險(xiǎn)的經(jīng)營(yíng)數(shù)據(jù)分析,主要從保費(fèi)規(guī)模、承保覆蓋面積和補(bǔ)貼程度等方面進(jìn)行了統(tǒng)計(jì)描述。第三小節(jié)是種植業(yè)保險(xiǎn)發(fā)展成效分析,主要從保費(fèi)規(guī)模、覆蓋面積、保障水平、費(fèi)率厘定、涉農(nóng)保險(xiǎn)公司的經(jīng)營(yíng)、財(cái)政補(bǔ)貼績(jī)效評(píng)估和特色種植業(yè)保險(xiǎn)試點(diǎn)等方面總結(jié)分析了我國(guó)種植業(yè)保險(xiǎn)的強(qiáng)勁發(fā)展勢(shì)頭和已經(jīng)取得的發(fā)展成就。 第三章是我國(guó)種植業(yè)保險(xiǎn)存在的問(wèn)題分析。通過(guò)對(duì)現(xiàn)階段發(fā)展數(shù)據(jù)的分析,本文認(rèn)為我國(guó)種植業(yè)保險(xiǎn)存在的主要問(wèn)題有：保險(xiǎn)覆蓋面有限,風(fēng)險(xiǎn)保障水平和對(duì)農(nóng)民的補(bǔ)償作用有限；保費(fèi)補(bǔ)貼績(jī)效和補(bǔ)貼機(jī)制有待完善；保險(xiǎn)公司經(jīng)營(yíng)不規(guī)范,農(nóng)民權(quán)益保障不足；種植業(yè)保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)率厘定不合理；支持種植業(yè)保險(xiǎn)發(fā)展的相關(guān)配套政策不完善,監(jiān)督力度不夠等。 第四章重點(diǎn)研究了國(guó)外種植業(yè)保險(xiǎn)發(fā)展的經(jīng)驗(yàn),主要對(duì)世界三大種植業(yè)保險(xiǎn)大國(guó)—美國(guó)、日本和加拿大的種植業(yè)保險(xiǎn)特點(diǎn)及發(fā)展經(jīng)驗(yàn)進(jìn)行了分析總結(jié),以便為我國(guó)種植業(yè)保險(xiǎn)制度完善和經(jīng)營(yíng)技術(shù)創(chuàng)新提供經(jīng)營(yíng)借鑒。研究認(rèn)為,國(guó)外種植業(yè)保險(xiǎn)發(fā)展采取的適度強(qiáng)制投保、多元化的補(bǔ)貼方式和完善的巨災(zāi)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分散體系等值得我國(guó)借鑒。 第五章是促進(jìn)我國(guó)種植業(yè)保險(xiǎn)發(fā)展的對(duì)策建議。本章以第三章的分析論證為基礎(chǔ),結(jié)合目前我國(guó)種植業(yè)保險(xiǎn)發(fā)展的現(xiàn)實(shí)情況和存在的問(wèn)題,有針對(duì)性地提出了促進(jìn)我國(guó)種植業(yè)保險(xiǎn)進(jìn)一步發(fā)展的對(duì)策建議。主要建議包括：提高種植業(yè)保險(xiǎn)的保障水平,改善保險(xiǎn)機(jī)構(gòu)的服務(wù)水平和加大保險(xiǎn)公司的監(jiān)督管理,完善補(bǔ)貼制度和相關(guān)配套政策,劃分合適的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)區(qū)和按區(qū)域厘定保險(xiǎn)費(fèi)率,加強(qiáng)對(duì)財(cái)政補(bǔ)貼種植業(yè)保險(xiǎn)發(fā)展的效果評(píng)估,建立種植業(yè)保險(xiǎn)巨災(zāi)風(fēng)險(xiǎn)分散轉(zhuǎn)移機(jī)制等。 論文研究的主要特色和創(chuàng)新之處在于： 第一,論文較全面地分析總結(jié)了2007年至2013年7年間我國(guó)種植業(yè)保險(xiǎn)的發(fā)展成效和問(wèn)題。目前國(guó)內(nèi)學(xué)者在研究政策性種植業(yè)保險(xiǎn)供給與需求的文獻(xiàn)不少,研究地域發(fā)展特色和問(wèn)題的文獻(xiàn)也逐漸增多,但是對(duì)于種植業(yè)保險(xiǎn)最新發(fā)展成效的分析總結(jié)卻不多。近幾年種植業(yè)保險(xiǎn)發(fā)展迅速,不僅僅在覆蓋面積、保障水平等方面每年都有大幅增長(zhǎng),就是國(guó)家扶持政策方面變動(dòng)幅度也非常大。本文以最新數(shù)據(jù)為基礎(chǔ),從保費(fèi)規(guī)模、覆蓋面積、保障水平、費(fèi)率厘定、涉農(nóng)保險(xiǎn)公司的經(jīng)營(yíng)、財(cái)政補(bǔ)貼績(jī)效評(píng)估和特色種植業(yè)保險(xiǎn)試點(diǎn)等方面詳細(xì)闡述了種植業(yè)保險(xiǎn)的發(fā)展成效,具有一定的研究特色。 第二,論文在對(duì)我國(guó)種植業(yè)保險(xiǎn)保費(fèi)補(bǔ)貼績(jī)效分析方面,從對(duì)農(nóng)戶的影響和保險(xiǎn)公司的效率角度,探討了種植業(yè)保險(xiǎn)保費(fèi)補(bǔ)貼績(jī)效的不足。并以此為基礎(chǔ)提出了完善財(cái)政補(bǔ)貼制度、改進(jìn)補(bǔ)貼方式的具體建議。 第三,以歷年頒布的種植業(yè)保險(xiǎn)發(fā)展政策條款為關(guān)注點(diǎn),逐項(xiàng)分析每年政策變更的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)和改進(jìn)方向。特別是在如何提高種植業(yè)保險(xiǎn)的保障水平方面,論文中提供了二個(gè)可行的途徑：創(chuàng)新補(bǔ)貼機(jī)制以提高保障水平、創(chuàng)新種植業(yè)保險(xiǎn)產(chǎn)品以提高保障水平。該對(duì)策具有一定的創(chuàng)新性和應(yīng)用價(jià)值。
[Abstract]:Planting industry is the foundation of agriculture, crop insurance is the most important agricultural insurance in the business category, is one of the most characteristic of the insurance business. Different from the developed countries to use crop insurance to achieve national welfare growth targets, developing countries planting insurance purposes are limited in the scattered agricultural risk, improve farmers' enthusiasm and implementation of food supply security. Crop insurance in the world are the most readily available at all levels of government financial support of the insurance policy, the central financial support of China's crop insurance is the initial pilot promotion from 2007 so far, crop insurance premium scale is still our country agricultural insurance premiums accounted for more than 75% of total revenue. The state vigorously support the development of crop insurance, and strive to establish a market-oriented farming risk protection system as soon as possible, improve the rural financial service system in.2007 To the development of planting industry insurance rapidly, has made many achievements, the premium scale, coverage and security level increased year by year, the agricultural insurance subsidy system more perfect, the company's operating efficiency continues to improve, but there are also many problems in the development. Through the research on crop insurance risk characteristics, special management system and technology etc. the problems of the planting industry insurance, puts forward a series of policy suggestions.
In order to study the effect of the development of the system of China's crop insurance and problems, the author analyzes the relevant research literature at home and abroad and China's crop insurance data in recent years, from the underwriter, underwriting capacity and policy support and other aspects of detail has been planting insurance development achievements, also from the business data and the implementation of the policy found some deficiencies in the glorious development in recent years in crop insurance level analysis, such as the level of protection and compensation ability needs to be improved, and the implementation of the subsidy mechanism design defects, damage to the interests of the insured farmers happen frequently. Finally, found the problem through the analysis of data, based on the planting industry the development of insurance in our country, puts forward several policy recommendations to promote China's crop insurance for further development, and strive to China's crop insurance in scale And quality to the world's leading level.
The paper is divided into five chapters, and the main contents and main views of each chapter are summarized as follows:
The first is the introduction, mainly introduces and analyzes the research background, research significance, research status at home and abroad, the research methods, the main features of the study and shortcomings. Based on consolidation of domestic and foreign literature, expounds the nature of planting industry insurance, technology innovation and development process of the existence of common problems and crop insurance.
The second chapter is the analysis of development and effectiveness of crop insurance in our country, is divided into three sections. The first section is an overview of crop insurance, including the concept, the underwriting risk and subsidies product categories; the second section is the analysis of the operation data of crop insurance, mainly from the premium scale, insurance the degree of coverage and subsidies and other aspects of the statistical description. The third section is the analysis of the effectiveness of development of planting industry insurance, mainly from the premium scale, coverage, coverage, premium rate, the agricultural insurance company, financial subsidies and performance evaluation of characteristic planting industry insurance pilot, summarizes and analyzes the strong momentum of development of planting industry insurance in China and has achieved success.
The third chapter is the analysis of China's crop insurance problems. Through the analysis of the current development of the data, we believe that the main problem of China's crop insurance also has limited insurance coverage, the risk of security level and compensation for farmers; premium subsidies and subsidies to improve the performance mechanism of insurance company management is not standardized; and the lack of protection of farmers' rights and interests; planting insurance ratemaking unreasonable; support policies for crop insurance development is imperfect, inadequate supervision and so on.
The fourth chapter focuses on the development of foreign insurance industry growing experience, mainly for three of the world's largest planting industry insurance country - America, Japan and Canada, planting insurance characteristics and development experiences are summarized and analyzed, in order to planting insurance system and perfect management of technological innovation management provides reference for our country. Research shows that foreign planting take the appropriate insurance compulsory insurance, subsidies and improve the diversification of catastrophe risk dispersion system worthy of our reference.
The fifth chapter is the countermeasures to promote the planting industry insurance development in China. In this chapter, the third chapter is on the basis of the analysis, combined with the current reality of China's crop insurance development and existing problems, puts forward some suggestions to promote the further development of China's planting insurance. It includes: to improve the security level of crop insurance, insurance agencies to improve the service level and strengthen supervision and management of insurance companies, improve the system of subsidies and related policies, divided the appropriate risk area and according to the regional premium rates, strengthen the assessment of financial subsidies for crop insurance development, the establishment of crop insurance catastrophe risk diversification mechanism.
The main features and innovations of the paper are as follows:
First, this paper comprehensively analyzed from 2007 to 2013 7 years planting insurance development of our country. At present the achievements and problems of domestic scholars in the study of the policy of crop insurance supply and demand a lot of literature, the research of regional development characteristics and problems of the literature has gradually increased, but the analysis for the latest development of planting industry insurance effect the summary is not much. Crop insurance has developed rapidly in recent years, not only in the coverage area, there are substantial growth in security level, every year, is the national support policy change is also very large. This paper is based on the latest data from the premium scale, coverage, security level, premium rate, agricultural insurance the company's operating performance evaluation, financial subsidies and characteristic planting industry insurance pilot illustrates the effectiveness of development of planting industry insurance, research has certain characteristics.
Second, in the paper on China's crop insurance premium subsidies performance analysis, from the perspective of efficiency of farmers and insurance companies, discusses the problems of planting industry insurance premium subsidies performance. And on this basis put forward to improve the fiscal subsidy system, detailed suggestions for improving the way of subsidies.
Third, by planting insurance terms over the development policy promulgated as a focus, item analysis direction and shortcoming of annual policy change. Especially in how to improve the security level of crop insurance, this paper provides two feasible ways: innovation subsidy mechanism to improve the security level, the innovation of crop insurance to improve the level of protection. The strategy has certain innovation and application value.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：F842.66

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本文編號(hào)：1602021