本文關(guān)鍵詞： 人口老齡化 長期護(hù)理需求 護(hù)理資源供給 長期護(hù)理保險(xiǎn)　出處：《首都經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易大學(xué)》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：進(jìn)入二十一世紀(jì)以來，在生活質(zhì)量改善和醫(yī)療水平進(jìn)步等因素的共同作用下，我國老年人口的預(yù)期壽命逐漸提高，高齡老人數(shù)量隨之增多，人口老齡化趨勢加速發(fā)展。目前，我國老年人口的總量已經(jīng)位居世界第一。但人均壽命的延長并不代表健康狀況的改善，相當(dāng)一部分老年人患有各類疾病或身體殘疾。而社會經(jīng)濟(jì)的持續(xù)高速發(fā)展加劇了中青年社會成員的工作競爭壓力，導(dǎo)致他們無暇顧及對年老父母的照料，造成相當(dāng)數(shù)量的空巢老人。他們與高齡或患病的老人一樣，大多處于護(hù)理照料缺失狀態(tài)，在醫(yī)療和生活等方面都面臨著諸多困難。改革開放以來，以北京為首的大城市經(jīng)濟(jì)實(shí)力顯著增強(qiáng)，但老年人未能充分享受社會經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展成果。雖然政府已經(jīng)連續(xù)八年提高退休人員養(yǎng)老金水平，但目前老年人的平均收入狀況還不足以承擔(dān)商業(yè)化的護(hù)理保險(xiǎn)產(chǎn)品。而養(yǎng)老機(jī)構(gòu)發(fā)展的不均衡以及護(hù)理人員供給的不足等原因，導(dǎo)致整個(gè)社會資源在老年人護(hù)理領(lǐng)域供給不足。本文以改善老年人的護(hù)理現(xiàn)狀為出發(fā)點(diǎn)，從養(yǎng)老護(hù)理機(jī)構(gòu)與護(hù)理人員隊(duì)伍發(fā)展、護(hù)理服務(wù)現(xiàn)狀、老年人普遍生活狀況以及是否需要護(hù)理服務(wù)等方面入手，通過統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)的收集和問卷調(diào)查的展開，，從供給和需求兩個(gè)角度探討在北京市建立老年人長期護(hù)理保險(xiǎn)制度的必要性和可行性，并在此基礎(chǔ)上，學(xué)習(xí)并借鑒外國實(shí)行的社會化和商業(yè)化長期護(hù)理保險(xiǎn)的模式和經(jīng)驗(yàn)，結(jié)合我國具體國情，提出在北京率先構(gòu)建以社會化長期護(hù)理保險(xiǎn)為主體、商業(yè)性長期護(hù)理保險(xiǎn)產(chǎn)品為補(bǔ)充的老年人長期護(hù)理保險(xiǎn)的制度和體系。
[Abstract]:Since 21th century, under the influence of the improvement of quality of life and the progress of medical treatment, the life expectancy of the elderly population in China has gradually increased, the number of the elderly has increased, and the aging trend of the population has accelerated. China has the largest number of elderly people in the world, but the increase in life expectancy does not represent an improvement in health. A significant proportion of older persons suffer from various diseases or physical disabilities, and the sustained and rapid socio-economic development has increased the competitive pressure on young and middle-aged members of society to take care of their elderly parents, A considerable number of empty-nesters have been created. They, like the elderly or the sick, are mostly in a state of lack of care and care, and face many difficulties in medical treatment and living. Since the beginning of reform and opening up to the outside world, The economic strength of the big cities led by Beijing has increased significantly, but the elderly have failed to fully enjoy the fruits of social and economic development. Although the government has raised the pension level of retirees for eight consecutive years, However, at present, the average income of the elderly is not enough to afford commercial nursing insurance products. However, the development of pension institutions is uneven and the supply of nursing staff is insufficient. As a result of the shortage of social resources in the field of nursing care for the elderly, this paper takes the improvement of nursing status of the elderly as the starting point, from the perspective of the development of nursing institutions and nursing staff, the present situation of nursing services. Starting with the general living conditions of the elderly and whether they need nursing services or not, through the collection of statistical data and the launching of questionnaires, This paper discusses the necessity and feasibility of establishing a long-term care insurance system for the elderly in Beijing from the perspectives of supply and demand, and on this basis, studies and draws lessons from the models and experiences of socialized and commercialized long-term care insurance in foreign countries. According to the specific conditions of our country, this paper puts forward to take the lead in constructing the system and system of long-term nursing insurance for the elderly in Beijing, with socialized long-term nursing insurance as the main body and commercial long-term care insurance products as the supplement.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：首都經(jīng)濟(jì)貿(mào)易大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F842.6

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