【摘要】：山西民間面塑在三晉大地傳承上千年,它頑強(qiáng)的生命力反映了黃河流域老百姓的日常生活,作為民俗文化事象,它在歲時(shí)節(jié)日和人生禮儀中扮演著重要角色,不僅是人們聯(lián)結(jié)感情的紐帶,更包涵著原始先民和祖先們對(duì)世界萬(wàn)物的認(rèn)識(shí)和對(duì)大自然的敬畏,是勞動(dòng)人們智慧的結(jié)晶,信念力量的源泉,對(duì)人們的言行思維都有著規(guī)約與塑造的作用�；x已有幾千年的歷史了。從春節(jié)的棗山花饃到清明的寒燕兒,從中元節(jié)的面羊到婚喪嫁娶的龍鳳糕,只要是在重要的節(jié)日中,都少不了花饃的身影。不論是隆重的婚禮,還是孩子出生,或者為老人賀壽,人們都會(huì)將花饃作為禮品相贈(zèng)�；x是持有者信仰的寄托,從出現(xiàn)花饃到流傳至今,它已經(jīng)在華夏大地走過了上千年的歷史,其中包涵著原始先民和祖先們對(duì)世界對(duì)自然的認(rèn)識(shí),他們對(duì)圖騰的崇拜,對(duì)大自然的敬畏,對(duì)生活的哲學(xué)思考,都蘊(yùn)藏在小小的花饃中�？梢哉f,從花饃中,我們可以窺視人類文明的發(fā)展歷程,可以感知祖先對(duì)生活積極樂觀的態(tài)度。2006年山西面塑被列入到了山西非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)保護(hù)名錄中,這一方面意味著作為中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)優(yōu)秀文化組成部分的山西面塑具有極高的文化價(jià)值,另一方面也我們看到了民俗文化岌岌可危的邊緣化狀態(tài),亟需我們付出努力傳承和發(fā)揚(yáng)這一優(yōu)秀的民間文化。文化的傳承靠教育,教育始于兒童。童年期是一個(gè)人發(fā)展的重要階段,兒童作為一個(gè)獨(dú)立開放的個(gè)體,天生具有探索發(fā)現(xiàn)的潛能,可以說是一個(gè)主動(dòng)的學(xué)習(xí)者。在這一階段,文化的塑造對(duì)兒童全面發(fā)展具有極大的影響。山西面塑能夠從上古流傳至今依舊具有鮮活的生命力,說明對(duì)個(gè)體具有極大教育價(jià)值。探究山西面塑這一民俗文化的教育價(jià)值對(duì)兒童的成長(zhǎng)和社會(huì)的發(fā)展都具有深遠(yuǎn)的價(jià)值和意義。山西面塑分布廣泛,類型各異,其中又以晉南花饃為最大的代表,它具有自己的特點(diǎn)與風(fēng)格,又融合了各家之特長(zhǎng),稱得上是山西面塑群中的一朵奇葩�；x是農(nóng)耕文化的產(chǎn)物,極具鄉(xiāng)土特色,所以筆者以晉南地區(qū)的勃香村作為研究個(gè)案,通過探討晉南花饃對(duì)當(dāng)?shù)貎和挠绊懡沂久嫠芪幕瘜?duì)兒童的教育價(jià)值。本研究共分為六個(gè)部分：第一部分引言首先闡述研究緣由、研究的目的和意義,對(duì)相關(guān)概念進(jìn)行界定,然后對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)外相關(guān)研究做總結(jié),提出本文的研究思路與方法。第二部分為晉南花饃概況。首先介紹晉南花饃的生存環(huán)境,本研究以勃香村為個(gè)案,所以重點(diǎn)介紹勃香村的自然環(huán)境和社會(huì)環(huán)境。然后對(duì)晉南花饃的發(fā)展概況進(jìn)行全面的梳理,探討晉南花饃的起源、發(fā)展歷程和生存現(xiàn)狀,最后對(duì)晉南花饃的類型特點(diǎn)、制作工藝以及文化內(nèi)涵進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的闡述。第三部分分析人生禮儀中的花饃,花饃作為兒童社會(huì)化的見證者,貫穿于人生重要的儀式中。從誕生禮對(duì)新生命的禮贊,到葬禮中兒童關(guān)懷生命的意識(shí)萌芽,從婚姻禮兒童性別角色的塑造到祝壽禮兒童孝道觀念的養(yǎng)成,花饃都扮演著重要的角色。第四部分分析歲時(shí)節(jié)日中的花饃,花饃作為兒童觀念價(jià)值形成的指引者,從傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日中得到了極大的體現(xiàn)。春節(jié)中的花饃讓兒童對(duì)隆重莊嚴(yán)的春節(jié)有了具體的感知和體驗(yàn),清明節(jié)的花饃在教化兒童思親祭祖的同時(shí),讓兒童對(duì)萬(wàn)物初生的春天有了更好的認(rèn)識(shí),端午節(jié)的花饃寄托成人對(duì)兒童健康成長(zhǎng)的期望,中秋節(jié)的花饃讓兒童懂得了合家團(tuán)圓的內(nèi)涵與意義。第五部分分析晉南花饃對(duì)兒童的教育機(jī)制成長(zhǎng)的影響。晉南花饃教育機(jī)制分別為熏陶機(jī)制、傳承機(jī)制、維護(hù)機(jī)制和接受機(jī)制,兒童在晉南花饃民俗活動(dòng)環(huán)境的熏陶中、在以血緣關(guān)系為核心的技藝傳承中、在情感交流和花饃活動(dòng)主動(dòng)參與中受到晉南花饃的影響。本章重點(diǎn)分析了晉南花饃對(duì)兒童的四大教育價(jià)值,第一有助于提高兒童的道德修養(yǎng)水平,第二促進(jìn)兒童形成科學(xué)的自然觀,第三為激發(fā)兒童創(chuàng)造美的興趣,第四幫助兒童提高文化認(rèn)同感。第六部分是晉南花饃教育價(jià)值的反思與啟示。晉南花饃作為一種有深厚底蘊(yùn)的民俗文化,對(duì)兒童的影響有積極的一面,也有消極的一面。我們應(yīng)該用辯證的態(tài)度看待晉南花饃,留精華,去糟粕,發(fā)掘更多的價(jià)值。對(duì)晉南花饃教育價(jià)值的實(shí)現(xiàn),從兩個(gè)方面進(jìn)行思考。第一對(duì)是以尊重兒童為前提進(jìn)行民俗文化教育,第二是從家庭、幼兒園和社會(huì)三方面為兒童的學(xué)習(xí)營(yíng)造尊重優(yōu)秀晉南花饃民俗文化的環(huán)境。
[Abstract]:Shanxi Folk Dough sculpture has been handed down for thousands of years in the Three Jin Dynasty. Its tenacious vitality reflects the daily life of the people in the Yellow River valley. As a folk cultural phenomenon, it plays an important role in the festivals and life rituals at the age of one year. It is not only the bond between people's feelings, but also contains the primitive ancestors'understanding and understanding of the world. Fear of nature is the crystallization of the wisdom of working people, the source of faith and strength, and has a role in shaping people's thinking of words and deeds. It has a history of thousands of years. No flower bun. Whether it's a grand wedding, a child's birth, or a birthday greeting for the elderly, people will present it as a gift. The flower bun is the carrier of the holder's belief, from the appearance of the flower bun to the present, it has passed through the Chinese land for thousands of years, including the primitive ancestors of the world to themselves. However, their worship of totems, their reverence for nature, and their philosophical thinking about life are all contained in a small bun of flowers. It can be said that from the bun of flowers, we can peep at the development of human civilization, we can feel the positive attitude of our ancestors towards life. In 2006, Shanxi surface sculpture was listed in Shanxi intangible cultural heritage protection. On the one hand, it means that Shanxi sculpture, as an integral part of Chinese traditional culture, is of great cultural value. On the other hand, we see the dangerous marginalization of folk culture, and we need to make great efforts to inherit and develop this excellent folk culture. Childhood is an important stage of a person's development. As an independent and open individual, children are born with the potential to explore and discover, which can be said to be an active learner. In this stage, the shaping of culture has a great impact on children's all-round development. Shanxi flour sculpture can still have a lively life from ancient times to today. Shanxi flour sculpture has a wide range of distribution and different types, among which southern Shanxi flour steamed bun is the most representative. It has its own characteristics and style, and also integrates various countries. This study is divided into six parts: the first part is about the educational value of flour sculpture culture to children by discussing the influence of flour sculpture culture on local children in Boxiang village of southern Shanxi. The second part is the general situation of the South Shanxi floral steamed bun. Firstly, it introduces the living environment of the South Shanxi floral steamed bun. This study takes the Boxiang village as a case, so it focuses on the introduction of the Boxiang village. Natural and social environment. and then a comprehensive overview of the development of South Shanxi bun, discusses the origin of South Shanxi bun, development process and survival status. finally, the type of South Shanxi bun characteristics, production technology and cultural connotation of a detailed exposition. the third part of the analysis of life etiquette in the bun, bun as a children's Society The knowledgeable witness, runs through the important rituals of life. From the birth ceremony to the praise of the new life, to the burial of children's awareness of caring for life germination, from the marriage ceremony of children's gender role to the Birthday Ceremony of children's concept of filial piety, flower buns play an important role. The flower buns in the Spring Festival give children a concrete sense and experience of the solemn Spring Festival. The flower buns on the Qingming Festival not only educate children to think about their parents and ancestors, but also help children to have a better understanding of the spring when all things are born. The flower buns on the Dragon Boat Festival are the sustenance of the flower buns on the Dragon Boat Festival. Adults'expectations for children's healthy growth make children understand the connotation and significance of family reunion. The fifth part analyzes the influence of Jinnan flower bun on the growth of children's educational mechanism. In the process of inheritance of skills with blood relationship as the core, the influence of the flower bun in the south of Shanxi Province on the emotional exchange and active participation in the flower bun activities is analyzed. In order to stimulate children's interest in creating beauty, the fourth part is to help children improve their cultural identity. The sixth part is the reflection and Enlightenment of the educational value of Jinnan Huacao. The first is to respect children as the premise of folk culture education, the second is from the family, kindergarten and society three aspects for children's learning to build respect for excellent folk culture environment.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：G611

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本文編號(hào)：2221354