【摘要】：21世紀初期，我國社會發(fā)展迅速，經濟結構不斷調整轉型。這種變化對人才不斷提出新要求。職業(yè)學校為社會提供技能型人才，，職業(yè)教育占據(jù)整個教育事業(yè)的半壁江山。 但職業(yè)教育的發(fā)展仍然面臨許多問題。區(qū)別于普通教育，探索職業(yè)教育的教學規(guī)律和特點，有效提高教育教學質量是亟待研究的問題。 “規(guī)律就是關系，本質的關系或本質之間的關系”。教學規(guī)律必須從教學活動的內部基本矛盾來分析。這個基本矛盾決定著職業(yè)學校教育的基本社會責任。職業(yè)教育更多地貼近當下經濟和社會發(fā)展之要求，培養(yǎng)應用型人才，更多地滿足社會生產的需要，滿足學生個性發(fā)展。 首先，職業(yè)學校學生以學習實踐知識為主，與普通學校學生以學習書本知識為主不同。這具體表現(xiàn)在培養(yǎng)目標不同，教學內容不同，教學方法與教學組織形式等方面。職業(yè)學校的學生的直接經驗積累多于間接經驗積累。平衡直接經驗與間接經驗之間的位置，是學校和教師的工作。隨著科學技術的發(fā)展和人才需求的變化，在職業(yè)學校中，實驗實訓的教學模式倍受青睞。這是職業(yè)教育教學規(guī)律的要求，職業(yè)學校學生以此來習得技能。實驗實訓教學是學生在教師指導下，通過綜合運用所學知識和技術，獨立地完成帶有探索意味的項目教學過程。它在教學中可以發(fā)揮巨大的作用，開發(fā)學生的智能、職業(yè)技能。 其次，普通學校學生在學習書本知識的基礎上發(fā)展能力，而職業(yè)學校學生在技能訓練的基礎上發(fā)展能力。實行工作學習一體化課程。學生學習的過程就是技工的工作過程。學生在工作過程中積累知識發(fā)展能力，也在工作過程中積累經驗和自我反思。 最后，在職業(yè)學校教學中，無論是基礎理論課或是技能實訓課，都應從“能力本位”出發(fā)。它要求科學地厘清職業(yè)教育的理論基礎知識與動手實操能力的關系。它要求確立以理論知識為基礎，以操作技能為核心的職業(yè)教育教學理念。它也注重培養(yǎng)學生綜合職業(yè)能力，使學生畢業(yè)后順利適應企業(yè)崗位，同時全面地專業(yè)地發(fā)展自己。
[Abstract]:At the beginning of the 21st century, the social development of our country is rapid, and the economic structure is constantly adjusting and transforming. This change constantly puts forward new demands on talents. Vocational schools provide skilled talents for the society, and vocational education occupies half of the whole educational cause. However, the development of vocational education still faces many problems. Different from general education, it is an urgent problem to explore the teaching law and characteristics of vocational education and effectively improve the quality of education and teaching. The law is the relationship, the essential relationship, or the relationship between the essence. The law of teaching must be analyzed from the internal basic contradiction of teaching activities. This basic contradiction determines the basic social responsibility of vocational school education. Vocational education is more close to the current requirements of economic and social development, training applied talents, more to meet the needs of social production, to meet the development of students' personality. First of all, vocational school students mainly study practical knowledge, which is different from ordinary school students' learning book knowledge. This is embodied in different training objectives, different teaching contents, teaching methods and teaching organization forms and so on. Students in vocational schools accumulate more direct experience than indirect experience. It is the work of schools and teachers to balance the position between direct experience and indirect experience. With the development of science and technology and the change of talent demand, the teaching mode of experimental training is favored in vocational schools. This is the requirement of vocational education teaching law, vocational school students to acquire skills. Experimental training teaching is an independent project teaching process with exploration meaning through the comprehensive use of the knowledge and technology learned by students under the guidance of teachers. It can play a huge role in teaching, developing students' intelligence and professional skills. Secondly, students in ordinary schools develop their abilities on the basis of learning book knowledge, while students in vocational schools develop their abilities on the basis of skill training. Carry out the integrated work-study course. The learning process of students is the working process of technicians. The student accumulates knowledge development ability in the work process, also accumulates the experience and the self-reflection in the work process. Finally, in the vocational school teaching, whether it is the basic theory course or the skill training course, should proceed from the "ability standard". It requires a scientific clarification of the relationship between the theoretical basic knowledge of vocational education and practical hands-on ability. It requires the establishment of the concept of vocational education based on theoretical knowledge and the core of operational skills. It also pays attention to cultivate students' comprehensive professional ability, make students adapt to the post of enterprise smoothly after graduation, and develop themselves professionally in an all-round way.
【學位授予單位】：廣東技術師范學院
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：G712.4

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