【摘要】：生源是一個(gè)學(xué)校能否生存與發(fā)展的首要問題，縣級(jí)職教中心也是如此。最近幾年，由于我國(guó)出生率下降，應(yīng)屆生源相應(yīng)減少，許多縣級(jí)職教中心都陷入了招生困境。本文通過研究東北山區(qū)某縣級(jí)職教中心的現(xiàn)狀，針對(duì)縣級(jí)職教中心招生問題的現(xiàn)狀，從微觀的角度上探索了我國(guó)縣級(jí)職教中心的發(fā)展過程中產(chǎn)生問題的原因，并結(jié)合其困境產(chǎn)生的原因給出相應(yīng)的建議。 第一部分，介紹相關(guān)理論及研究現(xiàn)狀。首先，對(duì)職業(yè)教育、縣級(jí)職教中心、辦學(xué)規(guī)模、招生等進(jìn)行相關(guān)概念的界定；其次，介紹了農(nóng)村職業(yè)教育政策及研究進(jìn)展；第三，對(duì)縣級(jí)職教中心職能、制約因素、應(yīng)對(duì)策略和生源困境研究進(jìn)行綜述。 第二部分，闡述職教中心的招生現(xiàn)狀。描述了所調(diào)研T縣職教中心與學(xué)生的基本情況，通過對(duì)調(diào)研統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)的分析，系統(tǒng)闡述了現(xiàn)在國(guó)內(nèi)大多數(shù)職教中心的現(xiàn)實(shí)存在的主要問題如生源數(shù)量不足、生源流失嚴(yán)重、生源質(zhì)量滑坡的表現(xiàn)，同時(shí)對(duì)職教中心生源困境對(duì)學(xué)校發(fā)展的不良影響進(jìn)行了剖析，生源數(shù)量少難以引起政府重視，，生源流失造成的資源浪費(fèi)等。 第三部分，探索職教中心生源困境的成因。首先，從社會(huì)角度上說，分析了生源減少的原因，包括存在社會(huì)偏見，學(xué)生上學(xué)機(jī)會(huì)成本增加等。其次，從職教中心辦學(xué)的角度，考察了職教中心整體發(fā)展的態(tài)勢(shì)以及存在的主要問題。最后，從學(xué)生自身的角度，著重探討學(xué)生從入學(xué)前到畢業(yè)各個(gè)發(fā)展階段中對(duì)學(xué)校與自身的評(píng)價(jià)對(duì)職教生源的影響。 第四部分，探討職教中心如何快速持續(xù)健康發(fā)展擺脫生源困境的策略。首先，政府要營(yíng)造公平、有序的職校發(fā)展的政策環(huán)境，引導(dǎo)職教招生市場(chǎng)健康發(fā)展；其次，要加快縣域中等職業(yè)教育的自身改革，增強(qiáng)縣級(jí)職教中心校的公信力；最后，高度重視就業(yè)指導(dǎo)工作，拓寬就業(yè)渠道。 以國(guó)內(nèi)已有相關(guān)研究為基礎(chǔ)，通過對(duì)縣級(jí)職教中心的招生工作進(jìn)行座談、訪談、實(shí)地調(diào)查、問卷、查閱資料等方式，采取定性與定量分析相結(jié)合的方式，闡述縣級(jí)職教中心的生源現(xiàn)狀；通過個(gè)案分析，闡述縣級(jí)職教中心產(chǎn)生生源困境的主客觀原因，并提出相應(yīng)的解決對(duì)策，旨在使職教中心擺脫現(xiàn)在的發(fā)展困境，保障農(nóng)村職業(yè)教育的健康可持續(xù)發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:The source of students is the primary problem for the survival and development of a school, and so is the county-level vocational education center. In recent years, due to the decline of birth rate and the corresponding decrease of new students, many county-level vocational education centers are in a difficult position to recruit students. This paper studies the present situation of a county-level vocational education center in the northeast mountainous area, and probes into the causes of the problems in the development of the county-level vocational education center from the microcosmic point of view, aiming at the present situation of the enrollment problem of the county-level vocational education center. Combined with the reasons of its predicament, the corresponding suggestions are given. The first part introduces the related theories and research status. First of all, the concept of vocational education, county-level vocational education center, school-running scale, enrollment and so on are defined, secondly, the rural vocational education policy and research progress are introduced. Thirdly, the functions, constraints, coping strategies and student-source dilemma of county-level vocational education centers are reviewed. The second part, elaborated the vocational education center enrollment present situation. This paper describes the basic situation of the vocational education center and students in T County investigated. Through the analysis of the statistical data, this paper systematically expounds the main problems existing in the reality of most vocational education centers in China, such as insufficient number of students and serious loss of students. At the same time, this paper analyzes the adverse effects of the difficulties of students in vocational education center on the development of schools. It is difficult for the government to pay attention to the number of students and the waste of resources caused by the loss of students. The third part, the exploration vocational education center student source predicament causes. Firstly, from the social point of view, this paper analyzes the reasons for the decrease in student sources, including the existence of social prejudice, the increase of opportunity costs for students to attend school, and so on. Secondly, from the angle of running a vocational education center, this paper examines the overall development situation and the main problems of the vocational education center. Finally, from the point of view of students themselves, this paper mainly discusses the influence of students' evaluation on the source of vocational education students from pre-entrance to graduation. The fourth part discusses the strategy of how to get rid of the student-source predicament of the vocational education center quickly, sustainably and healthily. First of all, the government should create a fair and orderly policy environment for the development of vocational schools, guide the healthy development of vocational education enrollment market, secondly, speed up the reform of county secondary vocational education and enhance the credibility of county-level vocational education center schools. Finally, attach great importance to employment guidance and broaden employment channels. Based on the relevant research in China, through the discussion, interview, on-the-spot investigation, questionnaire and reference, we adopt the way of combination of qualitative and quantitative analysis, and through the discussion, interview, field investigation, questionnaire, and so on, the recruitment work of county level vocational education center is discussed in this paper. The current situation of students in county-level vocational education centers is expounded. Through the analysis of individual cases, this paper expounds the subjective and objective causes of the dilemma of students in county-level vocational education centers, and puts forward the corresponding countermeasures in order to make the vocational education centers get rid of the present predicament of development and ensure the healthy and sustainable development of rural vocational education.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：G719.2

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