本文選題：少先隊(duì)活動 + 擬劇理論　； 參考：《西南大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：少先隊(duì)全稱“中國少年兒童先鋒隊(duì)”,是我國少年兒童的群眾組織,擔(dān)負(fù)著培養(yǎng)社會主義建設(shè)者和接班人的重任,是基礎(chǔ)教育的重要組成部分,是中小學(xué)教育不可或缺的得力助手。少先隊(duì)教育主要通過各類活動來進(jìn)行,少先隊(duì)活動是實(shí)施思想道德教育,培養(yǎng)創(chuàng)新精神和實(shí)踐能力的重要形式和第二課堂,也是培養(yǎng)少年兒童組織意識和愛國主義情感、樹立正確的價(jià)值觀和積極向上的成長取向、為政治社會化奠定基礎(chǔ)的重要形式。小學(xué)是義務(wù)教育階段兒童的第一所學(xué)校,少先隊(duì)相應(yīng)地是他們參與的第一個(gè)正式組織。少先隊(duì)自建立以來已有近70年的歷史,每一步的發(fā)展壯大都表明其組織、形式、活動內(nèi)容等更加豐富與完善,在促進(jìn)少年兒童全面發(fā)展、為我國培養(yǎng)杰出人才方面發(fā)揮了非常重要的作用。發(fā)展是因?yàn)樗€有不完善之處,在看到少先隊(duì)活動發(fā)揮巨大作用的同時(shí),還應(yīng)看到截止目前它還存在一些不足之處。筆者通過研究以往的少先隊(duì)活動文獻(xiàn)和自身在小學(xué)實(shí)習(xí)觀察,發(fā)現(xiàn)雖然每一所學(xué)校都有少先隊(duì)組織存在,但許多學(xué)校的少先隊(duì)活動或多或少存在“虛假表演”的問題。這里的“表演”是借助美國著名社會學(xué)家戈夫曼提出的“擬劇理論”而提出,“虛假表演”則是指少先隊(duì)活動的設(shè)計(jì)與實(shí)施遵循從外到內(nèi)的“外推式”模式,重視外部力量的推延,強(qiáng)調(diào)對國家政策法規(guī)的忠實(shí)遵守,但目的只是為了簡單迎合上級部門的檢查和規(guī)定的課程指標(biāo),評價(jià)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)相對表面化、指標(biāo)化。筆者在實(shí)習(xí)過程中發(fā)現(xiàn)許多少先隊(duì)輔導(dǎo)員由于主客觀原因缺乏專業(yè)素質(zhì),沒有很好地將國家政策法規(guī)與少先隊(duì)員的身心發(fā)展特點(diǎn)、社會環(huán)境、學(xué)校特色有機(jī)整合起來,對“少先隊(duì)活動”持模糊概念,甚至持抵觸和不理解態(tài)度,認(rèn)為開展活動會耽誤學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)。思想意識是行動的先導(dǎo),這種錯(cuò)誤觀念在一定程度上導(dǎo)致了“虛假表演”的產(chǎn)生。在本研究中,筆者從少先隊(duì)活動的“應(yīng)然表演”狀態(tài)入手,分析正常的少先隊(duì)活動即少先隊(duì)教育內(nèi)在因素:活動主體關(guān)系、意圖、內(nèi)容、過程與手段、結(jié)果各自的合理表現(xiàn)。接著從反面提出不正常的異化的少先隊(duì)活動即“虛假表演”的表現(xiàn),從活動即“劇本”本身的虛假、表演主體未進(jìn)入角色、場域的不真實(shí)性、表演本身的表層化四個(gè)方面逐個(gè)進(jìn)行分析。在理清楚“虛假表演”的表現(xiàn)之后,結(jié)合自身所學(xué)所見,分析產(chǎn)生這些現(xiàn)象背后的原因,從西方自由化思潮對共產(chǎn)主義信念與價(jià)值的沖擊、多媒體表層化表演的泛濫、知識至上論的錯(cuò)誤引導(dǎo)幾個(gè)方面一一解剖,將問題的表象與原因系統(tǒng)梳理。由于少先隊(duì)活動中的“虛假表演”問題嚴(yán)重阻礙活動效果的實(shí)現(xiàn)和教育目標(biāo)的完成,不利于少年兒童的健康發(fā)展。因此,筆者嘗試從“虛假表演”的表現(xiàn)與原因出發(fā),立足實(shí)際,從輔導(dǎo)員、少先隊(duì)員這兩大活動主體出發(fā),協(xié)同政府、社會組織、學(xué)校領(lǐng)導(dǎo)這些行為主體,提出活動要加強(qiáng)與各學(xué)科的聯(lián)系、活動內(nèi)容與教學(xué)方式貼近此時(shí)期少先隊(duì)員特殊的身心發(fā)展特點(diǎn)、采取措施消解多元價(jià)值觀引起的思想混亂這三條主要教育對策,以在一定程度上解決少先隊(duì)活動中的“虛假表演”問題,增加少先隊(duì)活動的實(shí)效性,呼應(yīng)新時(shí)期的教育要求,促成國家政策法規(guī)的落實(shí),在長遠(yuǎn)發(fā)展上促成少先隊(duì)目的的達(dá)成、少年兒童全面健康成長。
[Abstract]:The young pioneers, known as the "Chinese young and children vanguard", are the mass organizations of children and children in China. They are responsible for the task of cultivating socialist builders and successors. It is an important part of basic education. It is an indispensable assistant to primary and secondary education. The young pioneers should carry out activities through various activities. The activities of the young pioneers are real. The important form of Ideological and moral education, the important form of cultivating the spirit of innovation and practice and the second class are also the important forms of fostering children's sense of organization and patriotism, setting up correct values and positive growth orientation, laying the foundation for political socialization. Primary school is the first school of children in compulsory education stage, The young pioneers are the first formal organizations that they have participated in. The young pioneers have had a history of nearly 70 years since the establishment of the young pioneers. The development of each step has shown that its organization, form, activity content and so on are more abundant and perfect. It has played a very important role in promoting the all-round development of children and the training of talented people in our country. It is because it has some inadequacies, while seeing the great role of the young pioneers' activities, we should also see that there are still some shortcomings at the end of the year. Through the study of the previous literature of the pioneers' activities and their own observation in primary school, the author found that although every school has a young pioneer organization, many schools are in the first place. The "performance" is put forward with the help of the "pseudo play theory" proposed by the famous American sociologist gifman. "False performance" refers to the "extrapolation" mode of the design and implementation of the activities of the young pioneers, the extrapolation of external forces, and the emphasis on the country. The aim of the family policy and regulation is to be adhered to, but the purpose is simply to cater to the examination and prescribed course indexes of the superior departments. The evaluation standard is relatively superficial and indefinite. In the process of internship, the author found that a number of first team counselors lack professional quality because of subjective and objective reasons, and the national policies and regulations and the young pioneers are not good. The characteristics of the development of the heart, the social environment and the school characteristics are organically integrated, and the concept of "the young pioneers" is a fuzzy concept, and even the inconsistency and incomprehensible attitude is held. It is believed that the activities will delay the students' learning. The ideology is the precursor of action. This misconception leads to the emergence of "false performance" to a certain extent. Starting with the "deserved performance" state of the activities of the young pioneers, the author analyses the inherent factors of the normal young pioneers' activities of the young pioneers: the relationship of the active subjects, the intention, the content, the process and the means, and the results of their respective rational performance. Then, the abnormal performance of the young pioneers, that is, the "false performance", is presented from the opposite side, from the activity "drama". The false performance itself has not entered the role, the untruthfulness of the field and the surface layer of the performance itself is analyzed one by one. After understanding the performance of the "false performance", the reasons behind these phenomena are analyzed in combination with what is learned by himself, from the impact of the Western liberalization trend of thought on the belief and value of communism. It is not conducive to the healthy development of young children because the "false performance" problem in the activities of the young pioneers seriously hinders the realization of the effect of the activities and the completion of the educational goals. Starting from the performance and reasons of the "false performance", based on the reality, starting from the two major activities of the counselors and young pioneers, we should cooperate with the government, the social organization and the school to lead these behavior subjects, and put forward the activities to strengthen the connection with the various disciplines, the activities and the teaching methods close to the special characteristics of the physical and mental development of the young pioneers in this period. Taking measures to eliminate the three main educational countermeasures of ideological confusion caused by multiple values in order to solve the "false performance" problem in the activities of the young pioneers to a certain extent, to increase the effectiveness of the activities of the young pioneers, to meet the educational requirements of the new period, to promote the decline of the national policies and regulations, and to achieve the goal of the young pioneers in the long run. Children and children have grown up in a comprehensive and healthy way.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：D432.51

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