本文選題：信任傾向　切入點：可信度　出處：《浙江理工大學》2013年碩士論文

【摘要】：在人際交往中，我們會發(fā)現(xiàn)有的人總是十分容易就相信他人，而有的人看起來會更加可信，這反映了個體的兩個特征：信任傾向和可信度。已有研究證明，信任傾向和可信度對個體的發(fā)展有重要的影響。但大多數(shù)研究結論來自成人，且以往通常只研究其中一個特征對個體某方面發(fā)展的影響。那么，對于各方面都在發(fā)展的兒童來說，信任傾向和可信度會對其個體發(fā)展起怎樣的作用呢？本研究就信任傾向和可信度對小學兒童的學校適應的影響及年齡差異展開研究。 本研究通過量表評定及問卷測量等方法，對8歲、10歲及12歲兒童進行了調(diào)查，獲得信任傾向、可信度和學校適應的數(shù)據(jù)。為了從發(fā)展的角度考察信任傾向、可信度與學校適應之間的關系，本研究首先了解了小學時期兒童在這三個方面的發(fā)展特點，具體結果為：小學兒童的信任傾向和可信度隨著年齡的增長而逐漸升高，且女生比男生有更高的信任傾向和可信度；在學校適應上，12歲兒童有更好的情緒適應和自我適應，女生比男生有更積極的自我認識以及更少被同伴拒絕。 其次，對信任傾向與學校適應的關系進行考察后發(fā)現(xiàn)，小學兒童的信任傾向?qū)W校適應的影響在不同年齡間存在差異。具體表現(xiàn)為：在三個年齡段兒童中，信任傾向都能顯著地預測情緒適應和自我適應；信任傾向?qū)W業(yè)適應的影響在不同年齡間存在差異，在8歲兒童中能直接影響，在10歲兒童中能通過自我適應的中介作用產(chǎn)生影響，在12歲兒童中則不能顯著地影響；信任傾向?qū)θ穗H適應，僅在8歲兒童中可以通過自我適應的中介作用間接的產(chǎn)生影響。 第三，，對可信度與學校適應的關系進行考察后發(fā)現(xiàn)，小學兒童的可信度對學校適應的影響在不同年齡間存在差異。具體表現(xiàn)為：在三個年齡段中，可信度均能顯著地預測人際適應和學業(yè)適應，其中10歲兒童的可信度還會通過自我適應間接的影響學業(yè)適應；可信度對自我適應和情緒適應的影響在不同年齡中存在差異，在8歲和10歲兒童中可信度都能顯著地影響自我適應，還會通過自我適應的中介作用間接的影響情緒適應；在12歲兒童中，可信度不能顯著地影響自我適應和情緒適應。 第四，考察小學兒童的信任傾向和可信度對學校適應的作用，結果發(fā)現(xiàn)在不同年齡間存在差異。具體表現(xiàn)為：對于人際適應和學業(yè)適應，不管是哪一個年齡，都是可信度的作用大于信任傾向；對于情緒適應，在8歲兒童中，可信度對情緒適應的作用大于信任傾向，在10歲和12歲兒童中，信任傾向?qū)η榫w適應的作用大于可信度；對于自我適應，在8歲兒童中，可信度對自我適應的作用更大，在10歲兒童中，可信度對自尊的作用更大，信任傾向?qū)ψ孕诺淖饔酶�，�?2歲兒童中，信任傾向?qū)ψ晕疫m應的作用大于可信度。
[Abstract]:In interpersonal relationships, we find that some people always trust others very easily, while others look more trustworthy, which reflects two characteristics of the individual: trust tendency and credibility.It has been proved that trust tendency and credibility have important influence on individual development.However, most of the findings come from adults, and usually only one of the characteristics of the study on the development of an individual.So, for a child who is developing in all directions, what does a tendency of trust and credibility do to his or her individual development?This study studies the influence and age difference of trust tendency and credibility on primary school children's school adaptation.In this study, the data of trust tendency, credibility and school adaptation were obtained by using the methods of scale evaluation and questionnaire measurement, among which children aged between 8 and 12 years old were investigated.In order to investigate the relationship between trust tendency, credibility and school adaptation from the perspective of development, this study first understood the characteristics of children's development in these three aspects in primary school.The results were as follows: the trust tendency and credibility of primary school children gradually increased with the increase of age, and girls had higher trust tendency and credibility than boys, and 12-year-old children had better emotional adaptation and self-adaptation in school adaptation.Girls have more positive self-awareness than boys and are less likely to be rejected by peers.Secondly, after investigating the relationship between trust tendency and school adaptation, it is found that the influence of trust tendency of primary school children on school adaptation is different among different ages.The results showed that: in the three age groups, trust tendency could significantly predict emotional adaptation and self-adaptation, and the influence of trust tendency on academic adaptation was different among different ages, and could be directly affected in 8-year-old children.In 10 year old children, it can be influenced by the mediating role of self adaptation, but not in 12 year old children, and trust tendency has indirect influence on interpersonal adaptation only in 8 years old children.Thirdly, after investigating the relationship between credibility and school adaptation, it is found that the influence of the credibility of primary school children on school adaptation is different among different ages.The specific manifestations are as follows: in the three age groups, credibility can significantly predict interpersonal adaptation and academic adaptation, and the credibility of 10-year-old children will indirectly affect their academic adaptation through self-adaptation;The influence of credibility on self-adaptation and emotional adaptation is different in different ages. In 8-year-old and 10-year-old children, credibility can significantly affect self-adaptation, but also indirectly affect emotional adaptation through the intermediary role of self-adaptation.In 12-year-old children, credibility does not significantly affect self-adaptation and emotional adaptation.Fourthly, the influence of trust tendency and credibility on school adaptation of primary school children was investigated, and the results showed that there were differences among different ages.The specific manifestations are: for interpersonal adaptation and academic adaptation, regardless of which age, the role of credibility is greater than the tendency to trust; for emotional adaptation, credibility plays a greater role than trust in emotional adaptation in 8-year-old children.In children aged 10 and 12, the effect of trust on emotional adaptation was greater than that of credibility; for self-adaptation, credibility played a greater role in self-adaptation in 8-year-olds, and in 10-year-olds, credibility played a greater role in self-esteem.The effect of trust tendency on self-adaptation is greater than that on self-adaptation in 12-year-old children.
【學位授予單位】：浙江理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：G444;G625.5

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