【摘要】：在知識經(jīng)濟(jì)蓬勃發(fā)展的21世紀(jì),國際競爭日益激烈,經(jīng)濟(jì)社會建設(shè)在改革發(fā)展中不斷呼喚創(chuàng)新型人才的快速涌現(xiàn)。創(chuàng)新的關(guān)鍵在人才,人才的成長靠教育。高等教育在新的發(fā)展時期,是國家創(chuàng)新體系的重要組成部分,是全面實施素質(zhì)教育、培養(yǎng)學(xué)生創(chuàng)新精神以及實踐能力的關(guān)鍵場所。培養(yǎng)農(nóng)業(yè)創(chuàng)新型人才是推進(jìn)農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化的現(xiàn)實需要,也是農(nóng)林院校人才培養(yǎng)的必然選擇。 培養(yǎng)大學(xué)生創(chuàng)新能力是大學(xué)生自身發(fā)展和綜合素質(zhì)提高的需要。培養(yǎng)大學(xué)生的創(chuàng)新能力,能夠有效提高大學(xué)生的綜合素質(zhì),更好的將所學(xué)的知識轉(zhuǎn)化為實踐；能夠增強(qiáng)大學(xué)生的競爭意識,促進(jìn)自身發(fā)展,更好的參與社會實踐,增加社會閱歷,彌補(bǔ)缺乏工作經(jīng)驗的不足；能夠促進(jìn)大學(xué)生完成從學(xué)校到社會的角色轉(zhuǎn)型,盡快投入到社會主義現(xiàn)代化建設(shè)中,適應(yīng)新時期新發(fā)展的需要。從而更進(jìn)一步培養(yǎng)和提高自身的創(chuàng)新能力,實現(xiàn)良性循環(huán)。 培養(yǎng)大學(xué)生創(chuàng)新能力是建立在科學(xué)理論和現(xiàn)實社會需要的基礎(chǔ)之上的,在理論上,培養(yǎng)大學(xué)生創(chuàng)新能力有其各學(xué)科交叉融合等理論基礎(chǔ)；在現(xiàn)實上,它是延生和提高當(dāng)前高校通識教育的需要,是解決高校各學(xué)科融合發(fā)展問題,促進(jìn)高校教學(xué)相長、提升學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)自主性和創(chuàng)新性的需要。 通過分析和借鑒國外及港臺地區(qū)培養(yǎng)大學(xué)生創(chuàng)新能力的經(jīng)驗及相關(guān)研究成果,以內(nèi)地涉農(nóng)高校培養(yǎng)大學(xué)生創(chuàng)新能力的現(xiàn)實需要為背景,從理論上嘗試建構(gòu)培養(yǎng)大學(xué)生創(chuàng)新能力的有效對策,并分別從政策層面、資源層面和操作層面對這一模式及其具體實施策略進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的論述。結(jié)合本研究結(jié)果,主要得出以下結(jié)論： 建立和完善我國涉農(nóng)高校培養(yǎng)大學(xué)生創(chuàng)新能力的模式,應(yīng)采取四個方面的對策,即：樹立現(xiàn)代教育理念、創(chuàng)新人才培養(yǎng)模式、盤活和激發(fā)校園教育資源、建立特色化能力訓(xùn)練體系——大學(xué)生創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)目等。
[Abstract]:With the vigorous development of knowledge economy in the 21st century, the international competition is increasingly fierce, and the economic and social construction calls for the rapid emergence of innovative talents in the process of reform and development. The key to innovation lies in talents, whose growth depends on education. Higher education is an important part of the national innovation system in the new development period. It is the key place to carry out quality-oriented education and cultivate students' innovative spirit and practical ability. Cultivating innovative agricultural talents is the realistic need of promoting agricultural modernization and the inevitable choice of cultivating talents in agricultural and forestry colleges and universities. It is necessary to cultivate the innovative ability of college students for their own development and improvement of their comprehensive quality. Cultivating the innovative ability of college students can effectively improve the comprehensive quality of college students and better transform the knowledge they have learned into practice. It can enhance college students' competitive consciousness, promote their own development, better participate in social practice, increase their social experience, and make up for the lack of work experience. It can promote college students to complete the role transformation from school to society, and invest in the socialist modernization construction as soon as possible to meet the needs of new development in the new era. In order to further cultivate and improve their own innovation ability, to achieve a virtuous circle. The cultivation of college students' innovation ability is based on the scientific theory and the practical social needs. In theory, the cultivation of college students' innovation ability has its theoretical basis such as the cross-integration of various disciplines. In reality, it is the need to extend students and improve the current general education in colleges and universities. It is also the need to solve the problems of the integration and development of various subjects in colleges and universities, to promote the mutual teaching in colleges and universities, and to promote students' autonomy and innovation in learning. Based on the analysis and reference of the experience and related research results of cultivating college students' innovation ability in foreign countries and Hong Kong and Taiwan, the background of this paper is the practical needs of cultivating college students' innovative ability in agricultural universities in the mainland. This paper tries to construct effective countermeasures to cultivate college students' innovation ability theoretically, and discusses this model and its specific implementation strategies in detail from the aspects of policy, resources and operation. Combined with the results of this study, the main conclusions are as follows: to establish and perfect the mode of cultivating the innovative ability of college students in agricultural colleges and universities in China, we should take four countermeasures, that is, to establish the modern educational concept and to innovate the training mode of talents. Invigorate and stimulate the campus educational resources, set up the characteristic ability training system-university students' innovation and entrepreneurship, etc.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西北農(nóng)林科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：G642.0

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