我國(guó)大學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)動(dòng)機(jī)的功利化傾向研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-11-27 09:23
【摘要】：學(xué)習(xí)動(dòng)機(jī)是推動(dòng)學(xué)生進(jìn)行學(xué)習(xí)活動(dòng)的內(nèi)在動(dòng)因，是激勵(lì)、指引、維持、調(diào)節(jié)學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)的強(qiáng)大動(dòng)力。學(xué)習(xí)動(dòng)機(jī)的功利化傾向作為一種現(xiàn)象在國(guó)內(nèi)外都有很長(zhǎng)的演變發(fā)展過(guò)程，國(guó)外主要受功利主義的影響，對(duì)于儒家思想的片面理解及科舉制的畸形發(fā)展是我國(guó)古代受教育者功利化學(xué)習(xí)動(dòng)機(jī)促成因素。學(xué)習(xí)動(dòng)機(jī)的功利化傾向具有其特殊特點(diǎn)如：學(xué)習(xí)意義的近景性、動(dòng)機(jī)回報(bào)的功利性、學(xué)習(xí)目的的近景性以及動(dòng)機(jī)作用的短期性等。 本文通過(guò)調(diào)查問(wèn)卷法來(lái)說(shuō)明我國(guó)當(dāng)代大學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)動(dòng)機(jī)已經(jīng)具有明顯的功利化傾向，并在此基礎(chǔ)上從教育學(xué)視角、心理學(xué)視角和社會(huì)學(xué)視角分別列舉其所帶來(lái)的社會(huì)問(wèn)題。大學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)動(dòng)機(jī)的功利化傾向具有雙重作用。這種現(xiàn)象有其存在的現(xiàn)實(shí)原因：系統(tǒng)論為其提供了理論基礎(chǔ)，人本主義的極端化發(fā)展對(duì)其有重要影響，社會(huì)貧富差距擴(kuò)大，市場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)的畸形發(fā)展也為其提供了生存環(huán)境，而政府對(duì)于教育的資金投入不足，沒(méi)有合理的政策導(dǎo)向，錯(cuò)誤的家庭教育觀念以及僵化的學(xué)校教育都令這種現(xiàn)象越演越烈。 本文也提出了相對(duì)應(yīng)的矯正策略：第一，積極發(fā)揮政府的政策導(dǎo)向作用。第二，開(kāi)發(fā)社會(huì)的輔助作用，包括加大對(duì)教育的經(jīng)濟(jì)支持，形成健康的輿論導(dǎo)向和良好的文化氛圍。第三，提高學(xué)校的主渠道作用，包括，重視校園文化建設(shè)，建構(gòu)合理的教學(xué)機(jī)制，建構(gòu)多元的教育評(píng)估體系，優(yōu)化教職工隊(duì)伍，制定多維的獎(jiǎng)懲體系等。第四，重視家庭教育在學(xué)生成長(zhǎng)中的作用，包括改正父母教育觀念，提倡民主教養(yǎng)方式。同時(shí)要發(fā)揮大學(xué)生的主觀能動(dòng)性。從大學(xué)生內(nèi)在出發(fā)，制定科學(xué)合理的教育目標(biāo)，對(duì)大學(xué)生進(jìn)行必要的理想教育和精神教育，注重大學(xué)生元認(rèn)知的培養(yǎng)，，提高其自我監(jiān)控的能力并幫助大學(xué)生樹(shù)立科學(xué)與理想完美結(jié)合的人生目標(biāo)。
[Abstract]:Learning motivation is the internal motivation to promote students' learning activities, and it is a powerful motive force to motivate, guide, maintain and regulate students' learning. As a phenomenon, the utilitarian tendency of learning motivation has a long process of evolution and development both at home and abroad, and it is mainly influenced by utilitarianism in foreign countries. The one-sided understanding of Confucianism and the abnormal development of imperial examination system contributed to the utilitarian learning motivation of the educatees in ancient China. The utilitarian tendency of learning motivation has its special characteristics such as closeness of learning meaning, utilitarianism of reward of motivation, closeness of learning purpose and short-term effect of motivation, etc. This paper explains that the college students' learning motivation in our country has obvious utilitarian tendency by means of questionnaire, and lists the social problems brought by it from the perspective of pedagogy, psychology and sociology respectively. The utilitarian tendency of college students' learning motivation plays a dual role. This phenomenon has its practical reasons: the system theory provides it with a theoretical foundation, the extreme development of humanism has an important impact on it, the gap between the rich and the poor in society expands, and the malformed development of the market economy also provides it with a living environment. The lack of government investment in education, the lack of reasonable policy guidance, the wrong concept of family education and rigid school education all make this phenomenon more and more intense. This paper also puts forward the corresponding corrective strategies: first, give full play to the role of government policy guidance. Second, the auxiliary role of developing society, including increasing the economic support to education, forming a healthy public opinion guidance and a good cultural atmosphere. Third, improve the main role of the school, including, attach importance to the construction of campus culture, the construction of a reasonable teaching mechanism, the construction of a pluralistic education evaluation system, optimize the teaching staff, formulate a multi-dimensional system of rewards and punishments, and so on. Fourth, pay attention to the role of family education in the growth of students, including correcting the concept of parental education and promoting democratic upbringing. At the same time, we should give play to the subjective initiative of college students. From the inside of college students, we should formulate scientific and reasonable educational goals, carry out necessary ideal education and spiritual education for college students, and pay attention to the cultivation of college students' metacognition. Improve their self-monitoring ability and help college students to establish a perfect combination of science and ideals of life goals.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：G642.0
本文編號(hào)：2360207
[Abstract]:Learning motivation is the internal motivation to promote students' learning activities, and it is a powerful motive force to motivate, guide, maintain and regulate students' learning. As a phenomenon, the utilitarian tendency of learning motivation has a long process of evolution and development both at home and abroad, and it is mainly influenced by utilitarianism in foreign countries. The one-sided understanding of Confucianism and the abnormal development of imperial examination system contributed to the utilitarian learning motivation of the educatees in ancient China. The utilitarian tendency of learning motivation has its special characteristics such as closeness of learning meaning, utilitarianism of reward of motivation, closeness of learning purpose and short-term effect of motivation, etc. This paper explains that the college students' learning motivation in our country has obvious utilitarian tendency by means of questionnaire, and lists the social problems brought by it from the perspective of pedagogy, psychology and sociology respectively. The utilitarian tendency of college students' learning motivation plays a dual role. This phenomenon has its practical reasons: the system theory provides it with a theoretical foundation, the extreme development of humanism has an important impact on it, the gap between the rich and the poor in society expands, and the malformed development of the market economy also provides it with a living environment. The lack of government investment in education, the lack of reasonable policy guidance, the wrong concept of family education and rigid school education all make this phenomenon more and more intense. This paper also puts forward the corresponding corrective strategies: first, give full play to the role of government policy guidance. Second, the auxiliary role of developing society, including increasing the economic support to education, forming a healthy public opinion guidance and a good cultural atmosphere. Third, improve the main role of the school, including, attach importance to the construction of campus culture, the construction of a reasonable teaching mechanism, the construction of a pluralistic education evaluation system, optimize the teaching staff, formulate a multi-dimensional system of rewards and punishments, and so on. Fourth, pay attention to the role of family education in the growth of students, including correcting the concept of parental education and promoting democratic upbringing. At the same time, we should give play to the subjective initiative of college students. From the inside of college students, we should formulate scientific and reasonable educational goals, carry out necessary ideal education and spiritual education for college students, and pay attention to the cultivation of college students' metacognition. Improve their self-monitoring ability and help college students to establish a perfect combination of science and ideals of life goals.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：G642.0
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