【摘要】：創(chuàng)新性整合生理和病理生理實(shí)驗(yàn)教學(xué),在碩士研究生教學(xué)中應(yīng)用10余年。教學(xué)內(nèi)容均系任課教師自行設(shè)計(jì)的技術(shù),如家兔閉胸心內(nèi)和心外膜及體表心電圖同步記錄與分析;缺氧對(duì)大鼠中樞和神經(jīng)-肌肉接頭及骨骼肌疲勞的影響;心-腎反射活動(dòng)和腎缺血所致改變等。在完成預(yù)設(shè)項(xiàng)目基礎(chǔ)上,學(xué)生設(shè)計(jì)1到2項(xiàng)不同處理并表述其思想。實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)束,準(zhǔn)確標(biāo)注結(jié)果,按論文格式寫(xiě)報(bào)告。不能用所掌握知識(shí)闡釋的結(jié)果需提出見(jiàn)解和進(jìn)一步研究的設(shè)想。如在"家兔不同狀態(tài)閉胸心內(nèi)和心外膜及體表心電圖同步記錄與分析"實(shí)驗(yàn),觀察到心室內(nèi)外膜因缺血和血中兒茶酚胺濃度升高的狀態(tài)下,部分動(dòng)物發(fā)生心室內(nèi)外膜電活動(dòng)分裂。在電活動(dòng)分裂期間,心室內(nèi)外膜活動(dòng)的節(jié)律和頻率各異,體表心電圖與心外膜的一致。學(xué)生查閱文獻(xiàn)尚未見(jiàn)這類心律失常報(bào)道。通過(guò)和老師討論,在理解其機(jī)制基礎(chǔ)上,認(rèn)識(shí)到這類心律失常可致心室內(nèi)外膜機(jī)械活動(dòng)分裂,心室泵血減少而對(duì)整體功能產(chǎn)生影響。繼而得出符合邏輯的推理:在臨床心導(dǎo)管術(shù)時(shí),同步監(jiān)測(cè)患者心內(nèi)膜電活動(dòng)和體表心電圖,二者的節(jié)律和頻率不一致,表明心室內(nèi)外膜發(fā)生電活動(dòng)分裂。學(xué)生反映整合性實(shí)驗(yàn)課程,使其視野擴(kuò)展,創(chuàng)新思維以及提出和解決問(wèn)題的能力得到培養(yǎng)。
[Abstract]:Creative integration of physiology and pathophysiology experiment teaching, applied in graduate teaching for more than 10 years. The teaching contents were all self-designed by teachers, such as the synchronous recording and analysis of electrocardiogram (ECG) in closed heart, epicardium and body surface of rabbits, the effects of hypoxia on fatigue of central and neuromuscular joints and skeletal muscles in rats. Changes in cardiac-renal reflex activity and renal ischemia. On the basis of completion of preset projects, students design 1 to 2 different processes and express their ideas. At the end of the experiment, accurately annotate the results and write the report according to the paper format. It is necessary to put forward ideas and ideas for further study if one cannot interpret the results of the knowledge he has mastered. For example, in the experiment of simultaneous recording and analysis of electrocardiogram (ECG) in different states of closed heart and epicardial membrane and body surface of rabbits, it was observed that the internal and external ventricular membrane was subjected to ischemia and the concentration of catecholamine in blood was increased. In some animals, the electrical activity of the inner and outer ventricular membrane was divided. The rhythm and frequency of epicardial and epicardial membrane activity were different during the mitosis of electrocardiogram, and the surface electrocardiogram was consistent with that of epicardial membrane. No reports of these arrhythmias have been reported in the literature reviewed by the students. On the basis of understanding the mechanism of cardiac arrhythmias, it is recognized that these arrhythmias can cause the mechanical division of the internal and external membranes of the ventricle and the decrease of ventricular pump blood, which has an impact on the overall function. Then the logical reasoning was obtained: during the clinical cardiac catheterization, the electrocardiogram and the electrical activity of the endocardium were monitored synchronously, the rhythm and frequency of the two were not consistent, which indicated that the electric activity of the inner and outer ventricular membrane was divided. Students reflect the integrated experimental course, so that their horizons, innovative thinking and the ability to ask and solve problems have been developed.
【作者單位】： 瀘州醫(yī)學(xué)院高等醫(yī)學(xué)教育研究所;瀘州醫(yī)學(xué)院病理生理學(xué)教研室;瀘州醫(yī)學(xué)院生理學(xué)教研室;
【分類號(hào)】：G642;R363-4

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