【摘要】：隨著我國由計劃經(jīng)濟(jì)向市場經(jīng)濟(jì)的轉(zhuǎn)軌,高等教育的相關(guān)政策也進(jìn)行了隨動性的調(diào)整,高校費(fèi)用實行了部分的成本分擔(dān)制。高校收費(fèi)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的提高,加之區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展不平衡,使高校出現(xiàn)了一個特殊群體—家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)困難學(xué)生。隨著高校招生規(guī)模的不斷擴(kuò)大,高校家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)困難學(xué)生的數(shù)量也隨之增加,由此引發(fā)了一系列亟待解決的問題。如何有效地解決學(xué)生的經(jīng)濟(jì)困難及因之引發(fā)的其它問題,確保特困生不因經(jīng)濟(jì)困難而輟學(xué),并使其健康成長,已成為社會各界關(guān)注的熱點(diǎn)。基此認(rèn)識,深入研究家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)困難學(xué)生思想、心理特點(diǎn)和存在的問題并提出相應(yīng)對策,對促進(jìn)家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)困難學(xué)生成長成才、建設(shè)和諧校園、維護(hù)社會穩(wěn)定、促進(jìn)高等教育的改革與發(fā)展有著重要的現(xiàn)實意義。 本文在借鑒和吸收前人研究成果的基礎(chǔ)上,以家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)困難學(xué)生的思想和心理為著眼點(diǎn),通過對家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)困難學(xué)生產(chǎn)生原因的分析,提出要從家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)困難學(xué)生的實際出發(fā),了解家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)困難學(xué)生的思想和心理現(xiàn)狀。在對家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)困難學(xué)生思想和心理現(xiàn)狀分析的基礎(chǔ)上,對家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)困難學(xué)生思想特點(diǎn)和心理特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行了不太成熟的歸納和概括。重點(diǎn)從家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)困難學(xué)生的政治觀、價值觀、人生觀、道德觀等方面,歸納了其政治觀上思想積極與態(tài)度端正相伴；人生觀上積極與消極并存；價值觀上崇高與狹隘同時存在；道德觀上誠信與感恩突出等思想特點(diǎn)。同時從人格心理健康與學(xué)習(xí)動機(jī)等方面,歸納了其良好的自我意識與自我意識混亂共存；積極樂觀的心態(tài)與不良情緒同在；學(xué)習(xí)動機(jī)強(qiáng)與心理壓力大并存；人際交往上主動與被動共存等心理特點(diǎn)。針對思想和心理的關(guān)系及家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)困難學(xué)生思想特點(diǎn)和心理特點(diǎn)的成因,對解決家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)困難學(xué)生思想和心理問題提出了有針對性的對策。要通過深入細(xì)致的思想教育強(qiáng)化家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)困難學(xué)生的自主自立意識,激發(fā)家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)困難學(xué)生奮斗精神,增強(qiáng)解決自身問題的信心和能力；以積極的心理疏導(dǎo)培育家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)困難學(xué)生健全的自我意識,幫助其端正心態(tài),培養(yǎng)其健康人格,強(qiáng)化其自強(qiáng)精神,促進(jìn)其道德精神的發(fā)展；并從家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)困難學(xué)生全面發(fā)展的角度探索解決思想問題和心理問題相結(jié)合的有效方式：以現(xiàn)實化的思想教育和生活化的心理健康教育引導(dǎo)家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)困難學(xué)生樹立正確人生觀,以健康向上的校園文化和資助體系的構(gòu)建、互助機(jī)制的探索、集體精神的培育為家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)困難學(xué)生營造良好的成長環(huán)境,以典型案例的啟發(fā)和引導(dǎo)強(qiáng)化家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)困難學(xué)生的責(zé)任意識和擔(dān)當(dāng)精神,從對社會主義的本質(zhì)積極理解中強(qiáng)化家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)困難學(xué)生奮斗勇氣和負(fù)責(zé)精神,以家庭、學(xué)校、社會互動機(jī)制的構(gòu)建完善家庭經(jīng)濟(jì)困難學(xué)生資助和教育體系。
[Abstract]:With the transition from planned economy to market economy in China, the related policies of higher education have also been adjusted, and some of the cost sharing system has been implemented in colleges and universities. With the improvement of the charge standard and the unbalanced development of regional economy, there is a special group of students with family financial difficulties in colleges and universities. With the expansion of college enrollment, the number of students with financial difficulties in colleges and universities is increasing, which leads to a series of problems to be solved. How to effectively solve the students' economic difficulties and other problems caused by them, to ensure that special hardship students do not drop out of school because of economic difficulties, and to make them grow up healthily, has become the focus of attention of all walks of life. Based on this understanding, the author deeply studies the ideological, psychological characteristics and existing problems of students with family economic difficulties, and puts forward corresponding countermeasures, which will promote the growth of students with family economic difficulties, build a harmonious campus, and maintain social stability. It is of great practical significance to promote the reform and development of higher education. On the basis of drawing lessons from and absorbing the previous research results, this paper takes the thought and psychology of the students with family economic difficulties as the starting point, through the analysis of the causes of the students with family economic difficulties, and puts forward that we should proceed from the reality of the students with family economic difficulties. To understand the ideological and psychological status of students with financial difficulties in their families. Based on the analysis of the ideological and psychological status of the students with family economic difficulties, the ideological and psychological characteristics of the students with family economic difficulties are summed up and summarized. From the aspects of political view, value view, outlook on life, morality and so on, the author sums up the positive thinking and correct attitude of his political view, the coexistence of positive and negative outlook on life, the coexistence of lofty and narrow values, and so on. Moral outlook on honesty and gratitude outstanding ideological characteristics. At the same time, from the aspects of personality mental health and learning motivation, the author concludes that its good self-consciousness and self-consciousness exist in confusion, the positive and optimistic state of mind exists with the bad emotion, the strong learning motivation coexists with the psychological pressure, and so on. Active and passive coexistence in interpersonal communication and other psychological characteristics. In view of the relationship between thought and psychology and the causes of the ideological and psychological characteristics of the students with family economic difficulties, this paper puts forward some countermeasures for solving the ideological and psychological problems of the students with family economic difficulties. It is necessary to strengthen the self-independence consciousness of the students with family economic difficulties through thorough and meticulous ideological education, stimulate the struggling spirit of the students with family economic difficulties, and strengthen their confidence and ability to solve their own problems. To cultivate the sound self-consciousness of the students with family financial difficulties with positive psychological guidance, to help them correct their mentality, to cultivate their healthy personality, to strengthen their self-improvement spirit, and to promote their moral spirit development; And from the angle of comprehensive development of the students with family economic difficulties, the paper explores the effective ways to solve the ideological problems and psychological problems: to guide the students with family economic difficulties to set up a correct outlook on life with realistic ideological education and living mental health education. With the construction of healthy and upward campus culture and financial aid system, the exploration of mutual aid mechanism, and the cultivation of collective spirit, we can create a good growth environment for students with financial difficulties in their families. Enlighten and guide the typical cases to strengthen the sense of responsibility and the spirit of responsibility of the students with family economic difficulties, from the positive understanding of the essence of socialism, to strengthen the students' fighting courage and responsible spirit, so as to strengthen the family and school. The construction of social interaction mechanism consummates the financial aid and education system of students with family financial difficulties.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：石家莊鐵道大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：G641

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