【摘要】：20世紀中期,高等教育進入大眾化階段,面對高等教育的不斷擴張,質(zhì)量問題受到普遍關注,各國都掀起了提高高等教育質(zhì)量的熱潮,試圖建立一個各方接受的、合理、公平、公正、權威、透明和科學的高等教育質(zhì)量保障體系。匈牙利高等教育歷經(jīng)六個多世紀的發(fā)展,形成了多層次、高水平、全方面與勞動力市場接軌的高等教育系統(tǒng)。不僅創(chuàng)建出多所世界一流大學,而且培養(yǎng)出一些享譽世界的高層次人才。面對20世紀初高等教育的擴張,匈牙利緊跟歐洲步伐,積極提高高等教育質(zhì)量。一方面,建立匈牙利認證委員會(Hungarian Accreditation Committee,簡稱HAC),對國內(nèi)高等院校開展認證評估,在此期間,為了建設一個既有內(nèi)適性又與國際接軌的院校認證和評估標準,積極與歐洲其他國家的高等教育質(zhì)量評估機構(gòu)合作,并以歐洲高等教育質(zhì)量聯(lián)合會制定的歐洲標準和指導方針(European Standards and Guidelines)為依據(jù)修訂其院校認證和評估標準。另一方面,在歐洲高等教育改革的大背景下,積極加入“博洛尼亞進程”,實現(xiàn)了高等教育的又一次重大改革,建立了兩層三級的高等教育體系,消除了與歐盟各國高等教育的壁壘,真正做到與歐盟接軌,實現(xiàn)了高等教育的國際化。在國內(nèi)和國外的雙重推動下,匈牙利高等教育質(zhì)量得到不斷提升。我國高等教育在進入大眾化階段后,隨著高校的不斷擴招,規(guī)模的不斷擴大,高等教育質(zhì)量受到質(zhì)疑。通過對匈牙利高等教育質(zhì)量發(fā)展的探討,對比提出了我國高等教育質(zhì)量方面存在的幾個問題：高等教育區(qū)域化及國際合作欠缺、高等教育經(jīng)費投入不足、高等教育質(zhì)量觀相對落后、高等教育社會功能與本體功能失衡、創(chuàng)新人才培養(yǎng)機制缺乏、各類高校對自身辦學定位不清等。面對這些問題,進一步提出我國應當改變原有的高等教育質(zhì)量觀,建立第三方的高等教育外部質(zhì)量評估機構(gòu),構(gòu)建完善的高等教育內(nèi)部質(zhì)量保障體系,通過建立完善的高等教育質(zhì)量保障政策及法律法規(guī)來保證內(nèi)外部質(zhì)量保障體系的順利運作。
[Abstract]:In the middle of the 20th century, higher education entered the stage of popularization. In the face of the continuous expansion of higher education, the problem of quality has received widespread concern. All countries have set off an upsurge to improve the quality of higher education, trying to establish a fair, reasonable and acceptable one. Fair, authoritative, transparent and scientific higher education quality assurance system. After more than six centuries' development, Hungarian higher education has formed a multi-level, high-level, all-sided higher education system in line with the labor market. Not only to create a number of world-class universities, but also to cultivate some of the world-renowned high-level talent. In the face of the expansion of higher education in the early 20 th century, Hungary kept pace with Europe and actively improved the quality of higher education. On the one hand, the Hungarian Accreditation Committee (Hungarian Accreditation Committee,) was set up for the purpose of evaluating the certification of domestic institutions of higher learning. During this period, in order to build a standard of accreditation and evaluation of institutions of higher learning that are both internalized and in line with international standards, To actively cooperate with higher education quality assessment institutions in other European countries and to revise its accreditation and assessment standards on the basis of European standards and guidelines developed by the European Union for higher Education quality (European Standards and Guidelines). On the other hand, under the background of higher education reform in Europe, we actively joined the Bologna process, realized another major reform of higher education, and established a two-tiered and three-tier higher education system. The barriers to higher education in EU countries are eliminated, and the internationalization of higher education is realized. Both at home and abroad, the quality of higher education in Hungary has been continuously improved. After the popularization of higher education in our country, the quality of higher education has been questioned with the expansion of enrollment and scale of higher education. Through the discussion on the development of higher education quality in Hungary, this paper compares and puts forward several problems in the quality of higher education in our country: the regionalization of higher education and the lack of international cooperation, the lack of investment in higher education funds. The quality view of higher education is relatively backward, the social function and ontology function of higher education are out of balance, the training mechanism of innovative talents is lacking, and the orientation of all kinds of colleges and universities is not clear. In the face of these problems, it is suggested that our country should change the original view of higher education quality, establish a third party external quality evaluation institution of higher education, and construct a perfect internal quality assurance system of higher education. To ensure the smooth operation of the internal and external quality assurance system by establishing perfect higher education quality assurance policy and laws and regulations.
【學位授予單位】：蘭州大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：G649.515

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