【摘要】：當(dāng)今時(shí)代是信息化時(shí)代，智能代替了體力和機(jī)械成為社會(huì)主要標(biāo)志，與此同時(shí)，社會(huì)對(duì)高質(zhì)量的專業(yè)性人才需求日益增大，高等教育進(jìn)入大眾化階段正是在此背景下應(yīng)運(yùn)而生的，以培養(yǎng)高級(jí)專門(mén)人才為目的，滿足社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展的需求。 高等教育是培養(yǎng)高級(jí)專門(mén)人才的主要力量，在國(guó)家經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)、科技進(jìn)步和社會(huì)發(fā)展中發(fā)揮著重要作用。經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)的發(fā)展不斷地對(duì)高等教育提出新的要求，因此，高等教育也在不斷的變革與完善中，改革傳統(tǒng)的高等教育結(jié)構(gòu)，實(shí)現(xiàn)高等教育結(jié)構(gòu)的多樣化，建立適應(yīng)現(xiàn)代經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展所需要的合理的人才結(jié)構(gòu)。高等教育的變革與發(fā)展離不開(kāi)投資作為保障，只有充足的資金才能夠使上述變革成為可能。我國(guó)高等教育在精英化教育階段，基本上是靠國(guó)家撥款生存的，隨著國(guó)家對(duì)人才的需求量日益增多，高等教育規(guī)模必須擴(kuò)大。進(jìn)入大眾化教育階段以后，高等教育的發(fā)展需要更多的投資，而此時(shí)的政府已經(jīng)無(wú)法提供足夠的資金作為支持，只有擴(kuò)大高等教育投資的來(lái)源才能保證其持續(xù)健康的發(fā)展。高等教育個(gè)人投資、社會(huì)捐贈(zèng)、校企合作等籌資渠道不斷發(fā)揮出重要作用，其中，高等教育個(gè)人投資（或者稱為高等教育家庭投資）成為政府撥款外高等教育費(fèi)用的主要來(lái)源，因此，引導(dǎo)家庭正確合理投資是保障高等教育健康發(fā)展的重要途徑。 我國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展不均衡，導(dǎo)致居民收入存在差距，尤其是城鄉(xiāng)居民收入差距較大，甚至呈現(xiàn)出進(jìn)一步擴(kuò)大的趨勢(shì)，不同的家庭承擔(dān)高等教育投資的能力不同，相比較而言，城鎮(zhèn)居民家庭承擔(dān)能力較強(qiáng)，農(nóng)村、山區(qū)居民家庭以及部分城鎮(zhèn)貧困家庭承擔(dān)能力弱，更有許多家庭因投資高等教育而負(fù)債累累。經(jīng)濟(jì)收入水平是個(gè)人投資高等教育的一個(gè)重要影響因素，除此之外，還有其它因素對(duì)其產(chǎn)生影響，如家庭投資高等教育的觀念、學(xué)生父母的文化水平、對(duì)高等教育投資的預(yù)期、高校的專業(yè)設(shè)置等等。 為了探究高等教育個(gè)人投資行為，有必要對(duì)影響高等教育投資的因素進(jìn)行研究，本文以人力資本理論、勞動(dòng)力市場(chǎng)分工理論、社會(huì)化理論、行為理論等為基礎(chǔ)，結(jié)合相關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)資料，經(jīng)過(guò)統(tǒng)計(jì)分析，發(fā)現(xiàn)影響高等教育個(gè)人投資行為的主要因素，找出高等教育個(gè)人投資過(guò)程中存在的問(wèn)題，結(jié)合實(shí)際提出相關(guān)對(duì)策建議。 本文通過(guò)設(shè)計(jì)調(diào)查問(wèn)卷獲取相關(guān)資料與數(shù)據(jù)，問(wèn)卷圍繞高等教育個(gè)人投資的行為、影響投資行為的因素、投資成本、專業(yè)選擇等進(jìn)行設(shè)計(jì)，對(duì)收集的資料進(jìn)行實(shí)證分析，實(shí)證分析包括兩個(gè)部分：先對(duì)資料進(jìn)行描述性統(tǒng)計(jì)分析，再運(yùn)用統(tǒng)計(jì)軟件SPSS17.0對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行因子分析。根據(jù)最終分析，得出影響高等教育個(gè)人投資較大的因素和個(gè)人投資的教育成本，為進(jìn)行合理的高等教育投資提供依據(jù)。
[Abstract]:Today is the information age. Intelligence has replaced physical strength and machinery as the main symbol of society. At the same time, the demand for high-quality professional talents is increasing day by day. It is against this background that higher education has entered the stage of popularization, which aims at cultivating senior specialized talents to meet the needs of social and economic development. Higher education plays an important role in the national economic construction, scientific and technological progress and social development. The development of economy and society has put forward new requirements for higher education. Therefore, higher education is constantly changing and perfecting, reforming the traditional structure of higher education and realizing the diversification of the structure of higher education. To establish a reasonable talent structure to meet the needs of modern economic development. The reform and development of higher education can not be achieved without investment. China's higher education in the elite stage of education, basically rely on state funding to survive, with the country's increasing demand for talent, the scale of higher education must be expanded. After entering the stage of mass education, the development of higher education needs more investment, but at this time, the government can not provide enough funds to support it. Only by expanding the source of higher education investment can it ensure its sustainable and healthy development. Individual investment in higher education, social donation, and cooperation between schools and enterprises have been playing an important role. Among them, individual investment in higher education (or family investment in higher education) has become the main source of higher education expenses in addition to government funding. Therefore, guiding families to invest correctly and reasonably is an important way to ensure the healthy development of higher education. The unbalanced economic development of our country leads to the existence of income disparity, especially between urban and rural residents, and even shows a trend of further expansion. Different families have different ability to undertake higher education investment, compared with each other. Urban households have strong affordability, rural, mountainous and some poor urban families are weak, and many families are heavily in debt because of their investment in higher education. The level of economic income is an important influence factor for individual investment in higher education. In addition, there are other factors that affect it, such as the concept of family investment in higher education, the educational level of students' parents, and the expectation of investment in higher education. Colleges and universities of professional settings and so on. In order to explore the individual investment behavior of higher education, it is necessary to study the factors that affect the investment in higher education. This paper is based on the theory of human capital, the theory of labor market division, the theory of socialization, the theory of behavior, etc. Combined with relevant data and statistical analysis, this paper finds out the main factors that affect the individual investment behavior of higher education, finds out the problems existing in the process of individual investment in higher education, and puts forward some relevant countermeasures and suggestions combined with the practice. The questionnaire is designed around the behavior of individual investment in higher education, the factors influencing investment behavior, investment cost, professional selection and so on. The empirical analysis consists of two parts: firstly, the descriptive statistical analysis of the data, and then the factor analysis of the data using SPSS 17.0. According to the final analysis, the factors influencing the individual investment in higher education and the educational cost of the individual investment are obtained, which provides the basis for the reasonable investment in higher education.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽農(nóng)業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：G640

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