中國(guó)兒童超重肥胖的比率在不斷增長(zhǎng)。而超重及肥胖兒童在成年以后的肥胖風(fēng)險(xiǎn)顯著高于正常體重兒童。因此,關(guān)注和解決兒童的肥胖問(wèn)題,是我們的首要任務(wù)之一。兒童的食物環(huán)境可能是影響他們飲食行為以及肥胖的重要因素。肥胖或超重者常常伴隨著高食物反應(yīng)性的特質(zhì),而這些個(gè)體常常表現(xiàn)為頻繁的食物攝入或過(guò)度進(jìn)食,并且在面對(duì)食物線索時(shí)有更高的反應(yīng)性,從而增加的食物攝入量,導(dǎo)致不正常的飲食模式和肥胖。因此,食物反應(yīng)性是我們需要關(guān)注的關(guān)鍵變量。在我們的日常生活中,有很多與直接的食物獎(jiǎng)賞進(jìn)行了多次配對(duì)的線索,當(dāng)個(gè)體習(xí)得這種線索-獎(jiǎng)賞關(guān)聯(lián)后,個(gè)體開始在生理上和心理上對(duì)這些線索產(chǎn)生了獎(jiǎng)賞反應(yīng)。過(guò)去一系列研究也證實(shí)了,個(gè)體在面臨食物線索時(shí)的反應(yīng)與他們的健康狀況緊密相關(guān),例如,這些特定腦區(qū)的反應(yīng)能夠預(yù)測(cè)未來(lái)的食物選擇,食物攝入和體重增加。因此,我們也有必要探討不同群體（比如健康兒童）中,這種獎(jiǎng)賞預(yù)期的效應(yīng)以及潛在機(jī)制。本研究旨在探索兒童在食物獎(jiǎng)賞預(yù)期加工中的認(rèn)知與腦機(jī)制,以及食物反應(yīng)性在其中的作用。我們分別假設(shè)了高食物反應(yīng)性兒童可能有更強(qiáng)的食物獎(jiǎng)賞關(guān)聯(lián)學(xué)習(xí)能力,并且高食物反應(yīng)性的兒童在面對(duì)條件化的中性線索時(shí)也會(huì)有更強(qiáng)的獎(jiǎng)賞區(qū)... 

【文章來(lái)源】：西南大學(xué)重慶市 211工程院校 教育部直屬院校

【文章頁(yè)數(shù)】：87 頁(yè)

【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士

【文章目錄】：
Abstract
摘要
1 Literature review
    1.1 Food responsiveness
        1.1.1 The concept of food responsiveness
        1.1.2 Food responsiveness and health
        1.1.3 The measurement of food responsiveness
    1.2 Cue-reward learning
        1.2.1 The concept of cue-reward learning
        1.2.2 Research on cue-reward learning
    1.3 Reward and reward anticipation
        1.3.1 Theories of reward and reward anticipation
        1.3.2 Neural substrates of reward and reward anticipation
    1.4 Functional and effective connectivity
        1.4.1 Functional connectivity and psychophysiological interaction（PPI）
        1.4.2 Effective connectivity and Dynamic causal modelling（DCM）
        1.4.3 The difference between functional and effective connectivity
    1.5 Limitations and innovations
        1.5.1 Limitations
        1.5.2 Innovations
2 Study1:The cognitive mechanism of children’s food reward anticipation
    2.1 Research purpose and hypotheses
    2.2 Material and Methods
        2.2.1 Participants
        2.2.2 Instruments and Materials
        2.2.3 Procedure and task
        2.2.4 Data acquisition and analysis
    2.3 Results
        2.3.1 Self-report results
        2.3.2 Behavior data
    2.4 Discussion
3 Study2:The brain mechanism of children’s food reward anticipation
    3.1 Research purpose and hypotheses
    3.2 Materials and Methods
        3.2.1 Participants
        3.2.2 Instruments and Materials
        3.2.3 Procedure and task
        3.2.4 Data acquisition and analysis
    3.3 Results
        3.3.1 Self-report results
        3.3.2 Behavior data
        3.3.3 f MRI data
    3.4 Discussion
        3.4.1 Activations elicited by food image reward
        3.4.2 Correlation between food responsiveness and anticipation-related NAc activation
        3.4.3 Correlations between food responsiveness and connectivity of NAc-VTA as well as NAc-Hb
        3.4.4 Parallel pathways and integration effect of NAc as well as Hb during the processing of food reward anticipation
4 General discussion
    4.1 General discussion
    4.2 Limitations and future direction
5 Conclusion
Reference
Appendix
Acknowledgements
Article Published


【參考文獻(xiàn)】：
期刊論文
[1]《中國(guó)兒童肥胖報(bào)告》解讀[J]. 張娜,馬冠生.  營(yíng)養(yǎng)學(xué)報(bào). 2017(06)
[2]獎(jiǎng)賞敏感性在沖動(dòng)性飲食行為中的作用[J]. 熊素紅,孫洪杰.  心理科學(xué). 2017(02)
[3]限制性飲食的神經(jīng)機(jī)制[J]. 周一舟,陳紅,高笑.  中國(guó)臨床心理學(xué)雜志. 2012(05)



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