【摘要】：伴隨著新一輪的基礎(chǔ)教育課程改革在全國(guó)各地的逐步實(shí)施，各種各樣的教學(xué)方法和教學(xué)模式越來越多地被應(yīng)用于課堂教學(xué)中，為傳統(tǒng)課堂注入新的活力。但以往課堂教學(xué)中最常用、歷史最悠久的講授法卻受到了前所未有的批判和否定，遭遇前所未有的生存危機(jī)。事實(shí)上，講授法仍然是當(dāng)今高中歷史課堂教學(xué)中的基本方法，起著不可或缺的重要作用。在此背景下，有關(guān)講授法的研究就成為一個(gè)頗具理論價(jià)值與現(xiàn)實(shí)意義的課題。 本文采用文獻(xiàn)研究法、問卷調(diào)查法、觀察法等研究方法對(duì)高中歷史課堂教學(xué)講授法運(yùn)用這一問題進(jìn)行了研究，期望在相關(guān)科學(xué)理論的指導(dǎo)下，通過對(duì)高中歷史課堂教學(xué)講授法運(yùn)用現(xiàn)狀的分析，提出優(yōu)化講授法運(yùn)用的策略。本文除緒論和結(jié)語外，共有三章內(nèi)容： 第一章，講授法概述。包括講授法的概念、分類和優(yōu)勢(shì)劣勢(shì)。首先闡述講授法的基本內(nèi)涵，之后對(duì)其進(jìn)行分類，本文主要介紹其中的兩種最常用方式，即講述法和講解法；最后對(duì)講授法的優(yōu)勢(shì)和劣勢(shì)分別從多角度作了分析。 第二章，高中歷史課堂教學(xué)講授法運(yùn)用現(xiàn)狀調(diào)查分析。針對(duì)高中歷史教師和高中學(xué)生分別進(jìn)行問卷調(diào)查和結(jié)果分析。 其中，對(duì)教師的調(diào)查內(nèi)容涉及講授法的應(yīng)用范圍、導(dǎo)入新課的設(shè)計(jì)、教學(xué)內(nèi)容的選擇、講授時(shí)間的安排、學(xué)生積極性的調(diào)動(dòng)及講授法的效果等方面。對(duì)學(xué)生的調(diào)查則從歷史學(xué)習(xí)的興趣、學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)的主動(dòng)性、課堂參與度、學(xué)習(xí)評(píng)價(jià)等角度入手。筆者試圖通過對(duì)調(diào)查結(jié)果進(jìn)行數(shù)據(jù)分析，發(fā)現(xiàn)當(dāng)前歷史課堂教學(xué)講授法運(yùn)用中存在的問題，并為優(yōu)化課堂教學(xué)講授法的運(yùn)用研究提供論據(jù)支撐。 第三章，，優(yōu)化高中歷史課堂教學(xué)講授法運(yùn)用的策略。主要包括六方面內(nèi)容：更新教育理念、提升文化底蘊(yùn)；錘煉講授語言，提高表達(dá)效力；講究導(dǎo)課藝術(shù)，精心導(dǎo)學(xué)；以問題為中心，啟發(fā)誘導(dǎo)；全面分析學(xué)生與課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，合理選擇講授內(nèi)容；最后還要注意與其它教學(xué)方法、手段相結(jié)合，揚(yáng)長(zhǎng)避短，從而使教學(xué)效果最優(yōu)化。
[Abstract]:With the implementation of a new round of basic education curriculum reform in all parts of the country, various teaching methods and teaching models are more and more used in classroom teaching, injecting new vitality into the traditional classroom. However, the most commonly used and oldest teaching method in the past has been criticized and denied, and has encountered an unprecedented survival crisis. In fact, teaching method is still the basic method of history teaching in senior high school, and plays an indispensable and important role. Under this background, the research on teaching method has become a topic of great theoretical value and practical significance. This paper uses the methods of literature research, questionnaire investigation and observation to study the application of history teaching in senior high school, hoping to be guided by relevant scientific theories. Based on the analysis of the present situation of teaching methods in history teaching in senior high school, this paper puts forward the strategies of optimizing the application of teaching methods. In addition to the introduction and conclusion, there are three chapters: the first chapter is an overview of the teaching method. Including the concept of teaching method, classification and strengths and weaknesses. This paper mainly introduces the two most commonly used methods, that is, the narration method and the explanation method; finally, the advantages and disadvantages of the lecturing method are analyzed from different angles. The second chapter, the high school history classroom teaching method application present situation investigation and analysis. A questionnaire survey and an analysis of the results were carried out for senior high school history teachers and senior high school students. Among them, the investigation of teachers involves the scope of application of the teaching method, the design of the introduction of new courses, the selection of teaching content, the arrangement of teaching time, the mobilization of students' enthusiasm and the effect of teaching methods. The investigation of students starts with the interest of history learning, the initiative of students' learning, the degree of classroom participation, and the evaluation of learning. The author tries to find out the problems existing in the application of the teaching method of history classroom through the data analysis of the results of the investigation, and provide the argument support for optimizing the application research of the teaching method of the classroom teaching. Chapter three, optimize the strategy of teaching history teaching in senior high school. It mainly includes six aspects: renewing the educational idea, enhancing the cultural background; practicing the teaching language and improving the expression effect; emphasizing the art of guiding the course, meticulously guiding the study; taking the problem as the center, enlightening and guiding; comprehensively analyzing the students and the curriculum standard. Finally, we should pay attention to combining with other teaching methods and means to maximize the teaching effect.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2013
【分類號(hào)】：G633.51

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