本文選題：嬰兒　切入點(diǎn)：尷尬　出處：《遼寧師范大學(xué)》2012年碩士論文　論文類(lèi)型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：尷尬隸屬于自我意識(shí)情緒的范疇，可能是嬰兒最早出現(xiàn)的自我意識(shí)情緒之一。尷尬，是指當(dāng)個(gè)體出乎意料而被迫成為他人關(guān)注的焦點(diǎn)時(shí)，所產(chǎn)生的一種暫時(shí)性的慌亂、窘迫的情緒。本研究在綜述前人關(guān)于尷尬理論與實(shí)證研究的基礎(chǔ)上，對(duì)嬰兒尷尬情緒的發(fā)生及其特點(diǎn)等問(wèn)題進(jìn)行了深入探索。 研究1：嬰兒尷尬情緒發(fā)生指標(biāo)的確定。通過(guò)對(duì)23名18~36個(gè)月嬰兒母親的訪(fǎng)談，結(jié)合文獻(xiàn)檢索，確定嬰兒尷尬情緒的發(fā)生指標(biāo)及產(chǎn)生情境。 研究2：嬰兒尷尬情緒發(fā)生的橫向研究。通過(guò)橫向研究設(shè)計(jì)，采用情境實(shí)驗(yàn)法對(duì)118名18~30個(gè)月的嬰兒進(jìn)行測(cè)查，考察嬰兒尷尬發(fā)生的大致年齡范圍及性別差異，為縱向研究確定追蹤的起點(diǎn)。 研究3：嬰兒尷尬情緒發(fā)生的縱向研究。在橫向研究的基礎(chǔ)上，選取8名18個(gè)月的嬰兒，縱向追蹤至23個(gè)月，，考察嬰兒尷尬發(fā)生的具體時(shí)間。 在對(duì)以上三個(gè)研究進(jìn)行結(jié)果分析的基礎(chǔ)上，本研究綜合討論了嬰兒尷尬情緒發(fā)生的具體時(shí)間，年齡特點(diǎn)及性別特點(diǎn)等問(wèn)題，得出以下結(jié)論： 1嬰兒尷尬情緒發(fā)生的非言語(yǔ)行為指標(biāo)為：笑（微笑或抑制性微笑）、頭部動(dòng)作（低頭或側(cè)轉(zhuǎn)頭），手部局促不安的動(dòng)作（捂臉/摸臉或摸頭發(fā)./揪衣服/擺弄雙手）。同時(shí)具備這三項(xiàng)指標(biāo)，則可以判定嬰兒產(chǎn)生尷尬情緒。 2嬰兒尷尬情緒的產(chǎn)生主要由自我形象和身體動(dòng)作兩方面引起。 3嬰兒尷尬情緒主要在19~23個(gè)月間逐漸發(fā)生，由指向外部形象而引起的尷尬情緒的發(fā)生早于由指向行為表現(xiàn)引起的尷尬情緒的發(fā)生，這與嬰兒自我認(rèn)知的發(fā)展有關(guān)。由指向外部形象引起的尷尬情緒一般于21個(gè)月發(fā)生，由指向行為表現(xiàn)引起的尷尬情緒于23個(gè)月發(fā)生。 4嬰兒尷尬情緒的發(fā)生時(shí)間過(guò)程不存在顯著性別差異。
[Abstract]:Embarrassment belongs to the category of self-conscious emotions, and may be one of the earliest self-conscious emotions in babies. Embarrassment is a temporary panic that occurs when an individual is unexpectedly forced to become the focus of others' attention. On the basis of summarizing the previous researches on the theory and practice of embarrassment, this study explores the occurrence and characteristics of infant embarrassment. Study 1: to determine the occurrence index of infant embarrassment. Through interviews with 23 mothers of 18 ~ 36 months, combined with literature search, the occurrence index and situation of infant embarrassment were determined. Study 2: horizontal study on the occurrence of infant embarrassment. Based on the horizontal research design, 118 infants aged from 1830 months to 30 months were tested by situational experiment, and the age range and gender difference of the occurrence of embarrassment were investigated. Determine the starting point for longitudinal research. On the basis of horizontal study, 8 infants aged 18 months were selected and tracked to 23 months longitudinally to investigate the specific time of occurrence of embarrassment in infants. Based on the analysis of the results of the above three studies, this study comprehensively discusses the specific time, age characteristics and gender characteristics of infant embarrassment, and draws the following conclusions:. (1) Non-verbal behavior indicators of the infant's embarrassment are: smile (smile or suppressive smile), head movement (bow down or turn around), awkward hand movement (cover face / touch face or touch hair. / pull clothes / fiddle with both hands). Having these three indicators at the same time, The baby can be judged to be embarrassed. 2Infant embarrassment is mainly caused by self-image and body movements. (3) the embarrassment of infants occurred gradually during the period of 19 ~ 23 months, and the embarrassment caused by pointing to the external image occurred earlier than that caused by the performance of the directed behavior. This is related to the development of infant self-cognition. The embarrassment caused by pointing to external image usually occurs in 21 months, and the embarrassment caused by directed behavior occurs in 23 months. 4 there was no significant gender difference in the time course of occurrence of infant embarrassment.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：遼寧師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：B844.1

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